基于CFD的2BM-4型气吸式播种机排种盘吸孔选型与试验研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 07:28

本文关键词： 排种器孔型仿真 FLUENT 气流场播种效率　出处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：气吸式精密播种机是一种先进播种装置,以播种效率高、不伤种、不限制种子的大小和形状等优点一直被国内外学者广泛研究,但目前国内的气吸式播种机发展速度慢,且作业效率低。为了提高国内播种机的播种效率,需要优化播种机性能,提高其播种性能。排种器是气吸式播种机上的重要的部件,排种器的质量直接影响着播种机的性能,本文以众荣农机公司的2BM-4型播种机为例,结合了播种机的排种器的特点,借助FLUENT软件对排种器吸种孔建立仿真模型,分析内部流场变化情况,找出最优组合,降低漏播率与重播率,为提高播种机的播种性能提供参考依据。本课题就不同孔型、不同孔径和不同导程排种器的吸孔气流场的变化进行探究,根据FLUENT模拟结果得知:直孔、锥形孔和沉孔三种吸种孔相比,锥形孔的吸种效果最好;3.4mm、4.4mm、5.4mm的三种孔径相比,5.4mm的孔径吸孔效果最好,但是吸种孔的直径设计要与种子的尺寸相匹配,所以4.4mm的吸种孔孔径符合孔径的设计要求,吸种效果最好;2mm、3mm、4mm三种导程相对比,2mm的导程吸种效果最好。将试验所得的结果进行田间播种试验,试验结果为:排种盘吸孔导程2mm,孔径4.4mm的锥形孔的田间播种合格率为97.5%,吸种孔导程1mm,孔径4.2mm的直孔田间播种合格率为98.8%。经以上数据分析可知,FLUENT模拟分析试验结果可靠。
[Abstract]:The air-sucking precision seeder is an advanced seeding device, which has been widely studied by domestic and foreign scholars because of its advantages of high seeding efficiency, no damage to seeds and no restriction on the size and shape of seeds, but at present the speed of development of air-sucking seeding machines in China is slow. In order to improve the seeding efficiency of domestic planters, it is necessary to optimize the performance of seeder and improve its seeding performance. The seeding device is an important part of air-sucking seeder, and the quality of seeding device directly affects the performance of seeding machine. In this paper, taking the 2BM-4 seeder of Zhongrong Agricultural Machinery Company as an example, combining the characteristics of the seeder's seeding device, using FLUENT software to establish the simulation model of the seed sucking hole of the seeder, analyzing the variation of internal flow field and finding out the optimal combination. In order to improve the seeding performance of the seeder, the paper probes into the change of the air flow field of the suction hole in the different hole type, different aperture and different lead range. According to the FLUENT simulation results, it is known that the air flow field of the suction hole is straight hole. Compared with the three kinds of seed sucking holes, the seed suction effect of conical hole is better than that of 5.4mm hole, but the diameter design of seed suction hole should be matched with the size of seed, and the diameter of seed suction hole is better than that of 5.4mm hole with 3.4mm or 4.4mm hole, but the diameter of seed hole should be designed to match the size of seed. Therefore, the diameter of 4.4mm seed suction hole accords with the design requirements of the aperture, and the best seed suction effect is 2mm / 3mm / 4mm compared with 2mm / 4mm. The results were as follows: the qualified rate of field seeding of conical hole with diameter of 4.4 mm was 97.5mm, that of seed suction hole was 1 mm, and that of straight hole with diameter of 4.2 mm was 98.8.The result of above data analysis showed that the result of simulation analysis of fluent was reliable.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江八一农垦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S223.2

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