SA对苹果采后灰霉病抗性诱导及保鲜效果研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 17:11

本文选题：苹果　切入点：灰霉病　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文以‘红富士、嘎啦’为材料,研究水杨酸(SA)对苹果采后灰霉病的防治效果,通过分析果实抗性相关的生理生化指标,探索SA对苹果灰霉病的抗性诱导机制;同时通过浸泡处理方法,研究SA对苹果贮藏保鲜效果的影响。研究结果如下:1.离体条件下,质量浓度为0~250 mg/L的SA可有效抑制灰霉菌丝生长速率,且浓度越高,作用效果越明显。在苹果上,50、100和150 mg/L的SA处理可有效抑制嘎啦苹果采后灰霉病的发生与发展,能够不同程度降低发病率和病斑直径,其中150 mg/L SA浸泡处理效果最好。2.不同浓度SA处理明显抑制过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸氧化酶(APX),促进前期超氧阴离子(O2-)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的合成,诱导POD、SOD及谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性升高,增加抗性物质抗坏血酸(AsA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量,减少MDA的产生和积累。SA通过诱导抗病防御反应、调控活性氧代谢以增强苹果采后灰霉病的抗性。3.150 mg/L SA能够诱导果实抗病相关酶多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、几丁质酶(CHI)、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(GLU)活性的增加,促进总酚和类黄酮的合成,减少丙二醛(MDA)的产生,显著降低红富士果实灰霉病的发病率,抑制其病斑直径的扩展。4.低温冷藏条件下,SA能降低红富士苹果果实的呼吸作用和乙烯释放量,促进POD、PPO和SOD活性变化,抑制丙二醛的合成和积累,降低膜脂过氧化程度,延缓果实硬度、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量的下降,有效减少果实失重率,较好保持冷藏期果实品质。
[Abstract]:In this paper, 'Red Fuji, Gara' was used to study the effect of SASA on apple postharvest grey mold, and to explore the induced mechanism of SA resistance to grey mold of apple by analyzing the physiological and biochemical indexes related to fruit resistance. At the same time, the effect of SA on apple storage and preservation was studied by soaking. The results were as follows: 1. In vitro, SA with concentration of 0 ~ 250 mg/L could effectively inhibit the growth rate of Ash mycelium, and the higher the concentration was, the higher the concentration was. The more obvious the effect was, the more effective SA treatment of 50 mg/L and 150 mg/L on apple could inhibit the occurrence and development of postharvest grey mold of Gara apple, and reduce the incidence rate and the diameter of disease spot in varying degrees. Among them, 150 mg/L SA had the best effect. 2. Different concentrations of SA inhibited the synthesis of superoxide anion (O _ 2) and H _ 2O _ 2 (H _ 2O _ 2), and increased the activities of POD SOD and glutathione reductase (Glutathione reductase Glutathione reductase Glutathione reductase GRG), and inhibited the synthesis of superoxide anion (O _ 2) and H _ 2O _ 2 (H _ 2O _ 2). Increase the content of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH), reduce the production and accumulation of MDA. Regulation of active oxygen metabolism to enhance the resistance to postharvest grey mold. 3.150 mg/L SA could induce the increase of the activities of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chitin, 尾 -1 and 3-glucanase GLU. To promote the synthesis of total phenols and flavonoids, to reduce the production of malondialdehyde (MDA), and to reduce the incidence of grey mold of red Fuji fruit. Under the condition of low temperature and cold storage, SA could reduce the respiration and ethylene release of red Fuji apple, promote the changes of POD PPO and SOD activity, inhibit the synthesis and accumulation of malondialdehyde, and reduce the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation. The decrease of fruit hardness, soluble solids and titratable acid content was delayed, the weight loss rate was effectively reduced, and the fruit quality was better maintained during cold storage.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S436.611;S661.1

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