外源赤霉素对甜瓜幼苗建成与产量形成的影响

发布时间：2018-03-14 15:50

本文选题：甜瓜　切入点：赤霉素　出处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：连作障碍一直是困扰温室大棚蔬菜种植的关键问题之一,生产上解决连作障碍缺乏行之有效的方法。赤霉素是一种重要的植物激素,在种子萌发、茎的伸长、叶片的生长、花器官的诱导和发育、种子与果实的形成等生长发育过程中发挥重要的调控作用。本试验以薄皮甜瓜‘金妃’为试材,利用轮作和连作两种栽培制度,赤霉素采用浸种和叶面喷施两种处理方法。试验中赤霉素设置为四个水平处理浓度,分别为0mg·L-1、20mg·L-1、40mg·L-1、80mg·L-1。在甜瓜不同生长时期,通过测定其形态指标、物质积累量指标、生理指标及产量构成指标,在不同栽培制度下,研究GA3对甜瓜幼苗形态建成、生理代谢和产量的作用效果,为甜瓜生理代谢及产量调控提供理论依据,为指导甜瓜生产实践提供技术支撑。试验结果如下:1.幼苗期,在连作条件下,经过赤霉素浸种处理,增加了甜瓜的株高、茎粗、主根长度、叶面积;其中S2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对连作下甜瓜幼苗形态建成的促进作用最强。在轮作条件下,经过赤霉素浸种处理,增加了甜瓜的株高、茎粗、主根长度、叶面积,其中R2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对轮作下甜瓜幼苗形态建成的促进作用最强,且在相同赤霉素处理条件下,轮作条件下甜瓜幼苗的形态指标高于连作条件下的甜瓜幼苗的对应指标。综上所述,G2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对不同栽培制度下甜瓜幼苗形态建成促进作用最为显著。2.幼苗期,在连作条件下,经过赤霉素浸种处理,增加了甜瓜的地上和地下部分的干重、鲜重;其中S2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对连作下甜瓜幼苗物质积累量的促进作用最强。在轮作条件下,经过赤霉素浸种处理,增加了甜瓜的地上和地下部分的干重、鲜重,其中R2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对轮作下甜瓜幼苗物质积累量的促进作用最强。且在相同赤霉素处理条件下,轮作条件下甜瓜幼苗的物质积累量高于连作条件下的甜瓜幼苗的物质积累量。综上所述,G2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对不同栽培制度下甜瓜幼苗物质积累量的促进作用最为显著。3.幼苗期,在连作条件下,经过赤霉素浸种处理,提高了甜瓜的根系活力、叶绿素和硝态氮的含量,增加了硝酸还原酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶的活性,其中S2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对连作下甜瓜幼苗生理代谢的促进作用最强。在轮作条件下,经过赤霉素浸种处理,提高了甜瓜的根系活力、叶绿素和硝态氮的含量,增加了硝酸还原酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶的活性,其中R2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对轮作下甜瓜幼苗生理代谢的促进作用最强。且在相同赤霉素处理条件下,轮作条件下甜瓜幼苗的生理代谢高于连作条件下的甜瓜幼苗的对应指标。综上所述,G2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对不同栽培制度下甜瓜幼苗生理代谢的促进作用最为显著。4.在开花结果期,连作条件下,经过赤霉素叶面喷施处理,增加了甜瓜叶片叶绿素的含量,硝酸还原酶的活性,降低了硝态氮的含量,其中S2即40mg·L-1的赤霉素处理对连作甜瓜生理代谢的促进作用最强。轮作条件下,经过赤霉素叶面喷施处理,增加了甜瓜叶片叶绿素的含量,硝酸还原酶的活性,降低了硝态氮的含量,其中R2即40mg·L-1的赤霉素处理对轮作甜瓜生理代谢的促进作用最强,且在相同赤霉素处理条件下,轮作条件下甜瓜的生理代谢显著的高于连作的甜瓜。综上所述,T2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对不同栽培制度下甜瓜生理代谢的促进作用最为明显。5.在开花结果期,连作条件下,经过赤霉素叶面喷施处理,增加了果实的横径、纵径、单果重,从而提高了甜瓜的产量,其中S2即40mg·L-1的赤霉素处理对连作甜瓜产量的促进作用最强。轮作条件下,经过赤霉素叶面喷施处理增加了果实的横径、纵径、单果重,从而提高了甜瓜的产量,其中R2即40mg·L-1的赤霉素处理对轮作甜瓜产量的促进作用最强,且在相同赤霉素处理条件下,轮作条件下甜瓜的产量显著的高于连作的甜瓜。综上所述,T2即40mg·L-1赤霉素处理对不同栽培制度下甜瓜产量的促进作用最为明显。
[Abstract]:Continuous cropping obstacle has been one of the key issues of greenhouse vegetable production problems, solve the continuous cropping obstacle of lack of effective methods. GA is a kind of important plant hormones on seed germination, stem elongation, leaf growth, induction and floral organ development, play an important role in the formation of seed and fruit growth in the course of development. In this experiment, the 'Golden Princess' muskmelon as tested materials, two kinds of cultivating system using crop rotation and continuous cropping, using gibberellin soaking seeds and spraying two kinds of processing methods. GA is set to four levels of concentration in the experiment were 0mg - L-1,20mg - L-1,40mg - L-1,80mg - L-1. in Muskmelon during different growth period and by measuring the morphological index, matter accumulation index, the index of physiological index and yield, in different cultivation system, GA3 on muskmelon seedling morphology, physiology and metabolism The effect of yield, and provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of physiological metabolism and yield of muskmelon, provide technical support for the guidance of muskmelon production practice. The results are as follows: 1. in the seedling period, continuous cropping after gibberellin, increased muskmelon plant height, stem diameter, root length, leaf area; S2 40mg. L-1 GA3 Treatment on muskmelon seedling morphology built under continuous cropping of the promoting effect of the strongest. In the rotation, after gibberellin, increased muskmelon plant height, stem diameter, root length, leaf area, the R2 40mg L-1 of Gibberellin on muskmelon seedling morphology under the rotation system built to promote the role of the strongest, and in the same gibberellin treatment conditions, the corresponding index of morphological index of Muskmelon Seedlings under conditions than under the conditions of continuous cropping of muskmelon seedling. In summary, G2 40mg - L-1 GA3 Treatment on different cultivation system of Muskmelon Seedling morphogenesis promote the most significant role in.2. at seedling stage, continuous cropping after gibberellin, increase the muskmelon underground and aboveground dry weight, fresh weight of which is 40mg L-1 S2; GA3 Treatment on Muskmelon Seedlings under continuous cropping of material accumulation increased with the strongest. In the rotation condition after, gibberellin, increased muskmelon underground and aboveground dry weight, fresh weight, which is R2 40mg L-1 GA3 Treatment on Muskmelon Seedlings under rotation of material accumulation in promoting the strongest effect. And in the same gibberellin treatment conditions, the accumulation of Muskmelon Seedlings under conditions higher accumulation conditions of continuous cropping the quantity of muskmelon seedlings. In summary, G2 40mg - L-1 GA3 Treatment on muskmelon seedling cultivation system under different material accumulation to promote the most significant role in.3. seedlings, after continuous cropping Gibberellin, improve the root vigor of muskmelon, chlorophyll content and nitrate nitrogen increased, nitrate reductase, peroxidase, catalase activity, of which S2 40mg L-1 GA3 Treatment on physiological metabolism of Muskmelon Seedlings under continuous cropping effect is strongest. In the rotation, after gibberellin, improve muskmelon root activity, chlorophyll content and nitrate nitrogen increased, nitrate reductase, peroxidase, catalase activity, of which R2 40mg L-1 GA3 Treatment on physiological metabolism of Muskmelon Seedlings under rotation effect is strongest. And in the same gibberellin treatment conditions, the corresponding index of physiological metabolism of Muskmelon Seedlings under conditions under the condition of continuous cropping was higher than that of muskmelon seedlings. In summary, G2 40mg - L-1 Gibberellin Treatment on physiological metabolism of Muskmelon Seedlings under different cultivation systems to promote the role of The most significant.4. in the flowering stage, under the conditions of continuous cropping, after spraying gibberellin treatment, increased the chlorophyll content of muskmelon leaves, nitrate reductase activity, reduced the content of nitrate nitrogen, which is S2 40mg L-1 GA3 Treatment on physiological metabolism of Muskmelon in continuous cropping effect is strongest. Under conditions by gibberellin spraying treatment increased the content of chlorophyll in leaves of muskmelon, nitrate reductase activity, reduced the content of nitrate nitrogen, which R2 40mg L-1 had the strongest effect on promoting the physiological metabolism of muskmelon rotation gibberellin GA3 treatment and in the same conditions, the physiological metabolism of muskmelon rotation condition was significantly higher than that of continuous cropping muskmelon. To sum up, T2 40mg L-1 GA3 Treatment on physiological metabolism of Muskmelon under different cultivation systems to promote the most significant role for.5. in the flowering stage, even as conditions, After gibberellin spraying treatment, fruit diameter, increase the longitudinal diameter, fruit weight, so as to improve the yield of muskmelon, which S2 40mg L-1 GA3 Treatment on Muskmelon Yield best promote the continuous cropping. Under conditions after gibberellin spraying treatment increased the fruit transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, fruit heavy, so as to improve the yield of muskmelon, which R2 40mg L-1 had the strongest effect on Muskmelon Yield promote rotation gibberellin GA3 treatment and in the same conditions, the yield of Muskmelon under conditions was significantly higher than that of continuous cropping of sweet melon. In summary, T2 40mg - L-1 GA3 Treatment on Muskmelon Yield in different cultivation system the most obvious role.

【学位授予单位】：黑龙江八一农垦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S652

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