政治晋升激励视角下我国地方政府海洋渔业环境保护行为异化的研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 22:39

本文选题：地方政府　切入点：晋升激励　出处：《上海海洋大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着陆地资源的日渐匮乏,世界各沿海国家都将经济战略重心转向了海洋。无论是海洋的国土资源还是生物资源,今后都将成为沿海国家的经济命脉。然而,由于海洋资源开发的便利性及所带来利益的可观性,导致现代海洋经济发展速度之迅猛。与此同时,非规划性甚至毁灭性的海洋开发活动也对海洋环境的承载能力提出了极大的要求,并对其造成严重的损害,以至于影响海洋渔业环境的生态平衡,进而制约、阻碍海洋渔业经济的健康发展。因此,为了确保海洋渔业经济的可持续发展,防止海洋渔业环境问题的发生及蔓延,必须对海洋渔业环境进行保护。作为公共物品的海洋渔业环境保护问题,由于其自身的公共性及外部性等经济学属性特征,使政府干预成为了必然。而地方政府则承担了海洋渔业环境保护相关工作的实际执行者的角色,其是否作为将成为海洋渔业环境保护成与否的关键。根据公共选择理论所述,要了解作为“经济人”的地方政府的行为选择,就必须先了解其行为动机及所处的激励环境。因此,完善关乎沿海地方官员切身利益的晋升激励机制是首要解决的问题。本文以公共管理学、政治经济学理论为指导,结合我国当前海洋渔业环境保护行为异化的现状,通过分析我国政治晋升激励机制中存在的不足,提出相应的优化建议。本文共分为七个部分:第一部分为引言部分。主要交代了研究目的与意义、国内外研究现状,并阐述了本文的研究内容和方法及技术路线。第二部分为理论基础及概念界定。主要介绍了公共选择理论、行政组织理论、政治晋升锦标赛模式,并阐述了海洋渔业环境保护的经济学属性及对地方政府海洋渔业环境保护异化行为的界定。第三部分为我国地方政府海洋渔业环境保护行为异化的主要表现。根据海洋局、环保部等发布的相关数据,依次阐明我国沿海地方政府存在过度使用海洋资源、缺乏对海洋渔业环境保护的投入、放纵大型涉海企业污染的行为、懈怠海洋环境污染事件的处理等异化行为。第四部分为我国地方政府海洋渔业环境保护异化行为的实证分析。运用logistic回归模型,对沿海地区地方官员晋升情况与地方经济发展水平、环境污染治理投入、海洋渔业环境保护投入及成效之间的相关性检验。第五部分为我国地方政府海洋渔业环境保护异化行为的理论分析。通过分析,发现造成其异化行为的原因主要是由于中国式分权的弊端、地方行政首长的权力失衡、地方官员考核机制的不合理、激励目标的偏离所导致。第六部分为优化我国地方政府海洋渔业环境保护行为的对策及建议。通过对现状、问题及原因的综合分析,提出完善我国官员晋升激励机制的相关建议,如使晋升考核主体的多元化、完善官员升迁的考核制度、落实地方官员环境责任终生制等。第七部分为总结。本文的创新点在于:研究对象与当前的现实问题及学术热点相结合。现有关于政治晋升激励的研究多集中于关注官员升迁与地方经济发展之间存在的联系,近些年,相关的研究虽然进一步拓展到了官员的晋升除了与地方经济指标有关以外是否还与地方公共物品的供给有关,如社保、医疗等,以及其他公共物品的供给是否会影响其发展地方经济,但直接研究官员的晋升与其他公共物品的供给之间的关联则相对较少。因此,本文针对现有文献材料及政府相关数据,选取海洋渔业环境为研究对象,结合政治晋升激励相关的理论,来探讨我国地方政府在执行海洋渔业环境保护工作中是否会因为个人晋升的需求而存在异化行为,如果存在,那么是何原因所致,从而为我国亟需解决的改善海洋渔业环境问题作出参考。
[Abstract]:With the growing scarcity of land resources, the coastal countries around the world will be economic strategic focus to the ocean. Both land and resources or marine biological resources, will become the coastal economic lifeline of the country in the future. However, due to the considerable convenience of marine resources and bring about benefit, leading to rapid development speed of modern marine the economy. At the same time, made great demands of non planning and destructive ocean development activities have on the marine environment carrying capacity, and caused serious damage to the ecological balance, so that the influence of marine fishery environment and restrict and hinder the healthy development of marine fishery economy. Therefore, in order to ensure the sustainable development of marine fishery the economy, to prevent marine fishery environment problem occurrence and spread, must protect the marine fishery environment. As marine fisheries environmental public goods. The support problem, because of the public nature and the external economic attributes of its own characteristics, so that government intervention has become inevitable. While the local government assumed the marine fishery environmental protection work related to the actual executive role, whether it will become the marine fishery environment protection as the key whether or not. According to the theory of public choice to understand, as the "economic man" behavior of the local government, we must first understand the motivations and the incentive environment. Therefore, the perfect incentive mechanism for promotion of the vital interests of the coastal local officials is the primary problem. In this paper, with the public administration, the theory of political economics as a guide, combined with the present situation in the current environmental protection behavior of marine fishery alienation, through the analysis of China's political promotion problems existed in the incentive mechanism, put forward corresponding suggestions. This paper is divided into seven parts: Part Part one is the introduction part. It introduces the research purpose and significance, research status at home and abroad, and introduces the research contents and methods and technical route. The second part is the theoretical basis and the definition. Mainly introduces the public choice theory, theory of administrative organization, political promotion tournament mode, and expounds the economic attributes of the environment marine fishery protection and the definition of local government environmental protection of marine fishery alienation behavior. The third part mainly for the local government of our country marine fishery environmental protection behaviors. According to the Bureau, the relevant data released by the Ministry of environmental protection, in order to clarify the local government along the coastal areas of China there is excessive use of marine resources, the lack of Marine Fisheries the protection of investment, large enterprises involved in sea pollution indulgent behavior, behavior treatment and alienation slack pollution of the marine environment events. The fourth part is our country An empirical analysis of government environmental protection of marine fishery alienation behavior. The application of logistic regression model for local officials in coastal areas and the promotion of local economic development level, investment in environmental pollution control, correlation test between the marine fisheries investment in environmental protection and effectiveness. The fifth part is the analysis of China's local government marine fishery environmental protection behavior dissimilation theory. By analyzing the reasons that caused the alienation of behavior is mainly due to defects of China decentralization, local chief executive power imbalance, the assessment mechanism of local officials is not reasonable, incentive target deviation caused. The sixth part is the countermeasures and suggestions to optimize the local government of our country marine fishery environmental protection behavior. Through analyzing the present situation. Comprehensive analysis of problems and reasons, proposed consummates our country officials suggest promotion incentive mechanism, such as the diversification of the main promotion assessment The official promotion, improve the appraisal system, the implementation of environmental responsibility of local officials lifetime. The seventh part is the conclusion. The innovation of this paper is: the research object and the current problems of practical and academic focus. The combination of existing research on the political promotion incentive mainly exists between concerned officials promotion and development of the local economy, in recent years the related research, although further extended to the officials' promotion is not only related to local economic indicators and whether the supply of local public goods, such as social security, medical care, and whether other public goods supply will affect the development of the local economy, but the association between the direct study of officials' promotion and other public goods supply is relatively small. Therefore, this paper aims at the existing literature materials and relevant government data, selection of marine fishery environment as the research object, combined with political promotion The incentive related theory, to explore whether the execution of the local government in our country because of personal promotion needs exist alienation, will the environmental protection work of marine fishery if it exists, then what is the reason, make reference to improve marine fishery environment so as to China's urgent need to solve.

【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.4;X322

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