黄梅县中国荷斯坦奶牛产奶量和乳成分的相关性及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 00:26

本文选题：荷斯坦牛　切入点：产犊季节　出处：《华中农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：迄今,国内外有关奶牛乳成分及其影响因素的研究报道虽然很多,但是,结果差异很大。由于湖北黄梅是新生的奶牛养殖县,奶牛饲养管理经验较少,加上当地地理环境和农业生态系统以及所引种的奶牛生产性能等因素与武汉以及中国北方差异较大。因此,为了更好地解析和推广应用DHI(奶牛群体改良)技术,提高黄梅县境内的奶牛养殖水平和牛奶质量,本文依据黄梅县奶牛饲养规模最大的牧场(湖北现代牧业公司奶牛场)在2016年的DHI记录,分析产奶量与乳成分、体细胞数、尿素氮之间、以及各成分之间的相互关系及其影响因素,旨在为更好地推广应用奶牛DHI技术,设计科学合理的奶牛饲养管理措施,提高当地奶牛生产水平和产品质量提供理论依据。目的是分析2016年的DHI数据,指导2017年的奶牛饲养管理,以进一步提高单产水平和乳品质量及养牛经济效益。主要研究内容和结果如下:一、奶牛产奶量和乳成分的相关性产奶量与乳脂率、乳蛋白率、体细胞分、总固形物率呈负相关关系(相关系数分别为-0.168,-0.249,-0.095,-0.179,p0.05)。与尿素氮、乳糖率呈正相关关系(相关系数分别为0.050,0.153,p0.05)。二、乳成分之间的相关性乳糖与总固形物率(相关系数为0.026,p0.05)和乳蛋白率均呈正相关关系(相关系数为0.003,p0.05);乳糖率与乳脂率、体细胞分、尿素氮均呈负相关关系(相关系数分别为-0.140,-0.152,-0.030,p0.05)。总固形物与乳脂率(相关系数为0.935,p0.05)、乳蛋白率(相关系数为0.532,p0.05)、体细胞分(相关系数为0.001,p0.05)、尿素氮(相关系数为0.091,p0.05)呈正相关关系;乳脂率与乳蛋白率(相关系数为0.270,p0.05)、体细胞分(相关系数为0.009,p0.05)、尿素氮(相关系数为0.195,p0.05)呈正相关关系;乳蛋白率与体细胞分呈现极显著的正相关关系(相关系数为0.097,p0.01),与尿素氮呈极显著的负相关关系(相关系数为-0.100 p0.01)。体细胞分与尿素氮呈弱的正相关关系(相关系数为0.008,p0.05)。三、影响奶牛产奶量和乳成分的因素采样月份、采样季节、胎次、泌乳月对产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳尿素氮及体细胞数、总固形物、乳糖均具有显著的影响(p0.05)。产犊季节对乳脂率的影响不显著(p0.05),但显著影响产奶量及其他乳成分含量(p0.05)。
[Abstract]:Up to now, although there are many reports about milk composition and its influencing factors, the results are very different. Because Huang Mei is a new dairy breeding county in Hubei Province, the experience of dairy cow raising and management is relatively small. In addition, the local geographical environment and agro-ecosystem, as well as the production performance of the dairy cows introduced, are quite different from those of Wuhan and northern China. Therefore, in order to better analyze and popularize the technology of DHI (dairy cow population improvement), To improve the dairy cattle breeding level and milk quality in Huangmei County, according to the DHI records of the dairy farm of Hubei Modern Animal Husbandry Company in 2016, the milk yield, milk composition and somatic cell number were analyzed. The relationship between urea nitrogen and its components and its influencing factors are aimed at designing scientific and reasonable management measures for the better application of dairy cow DHI technology. To improve the production level and product quality of local cows. The aim is to analyze the DHI data of 2016 and guide the management of dairy cattle in 2017. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1. The correlation between milk yield and milk composition, milk fat rate, milk protein rate, somatic cell fraction, The total solids rate was negatively correlated with urea nitrogen and lactose rate (correlation coefficients were -0.168- 0.249U -0.095U -0.179C p 0.05g, respectively). There was a positive correlation between lactose and total solids rate (correlation coefficient was 0.026%, p 0.05) and milk protein rate (correlation coefficient was 0.003%, P 0.05), lactose rate, milk fat rate, somatic cell fraction, There was a negative correlation between urea nitrogen and milk fat rate (correlation coefficient was 0.935), milk protein rate (correlation coefficient was 0.532p0.05N), somatic cell (correlation coefficient was 0.001p0.05U), urea nitrogen (correlation coefficient was 0.091p0.05) and urea nitrogen (correlation coefficient was 0.091p0.05). There was a negative correlation between urea nitrogen and milk fat rate (correlation coefficient: 0.935%, P < 0.05), correlation coefficient (correlation coefficient = 0.532P 0.05), somatic cell score (correlation coefficient = 0.001p0.05), urea nitrogen (correlation coefficient = 0.091p0.05). There was a positive correlation between milk fat rate and milk protein rate (correlation coefficient was 0.270), somatic cell fraction (correlation coefficient was 0.009) and urea nitrogen (correlation coefficient was 0.195, p 0.05). There was a very significant positive correlation between lactoprotein percentage and somatic cell score (correlation coefficient was 0.097%, p 0.01), and a very significant negative correlation between milk protein percentage and urea nitrogen (correlation coefficient was -0.100 p0.01g). There was a weak positive correlation between somatic cell fraction and urea nitrogen (correlation coefficient was 0.008 (p 0.05)). The sampling month, sampling season, birth order, milk yield, milk fat rate, milk protein rate, milk urea nitrogen and somatic cell number, total solids, milk yield, milk fat rate, milk protein rate, milk yield, milk composition and milk yield of dairy cows were analyzed. Lactose had a significant effect on the milk fat rate, but the milk yield and other milk components were significantly affected by the calving season, but the milk fat rate was not significantly affected by the calving season, but the milk yield and other milk components were significantly affected by the calving season.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S823

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