吉林省玉米秸秆综合利用政策需求分析及对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 17:27

本文选题：玉米秸秆　切入点：资源综合利用　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农作物秸秆是一种宝贵的可再生资源,秸秆资源综合利用是提高农业效益、节约资源能源、保护生态环境、增加农民收入的有效途径。吉林省是我国玉米生产大省,年玉米秸秆产生量约占全国秸秆总量的80%以上,位居全国前列。近年来,吉林省逐步重视玉米秸秆综合利用,不断加大政策引导扶持,制定出台秸秆运输绿色通道、秸秆初加工用电优惠等政策,加快推进重大项目建设,玉米秸秆综合利用产业发展水平不断增高。但从当前情况看,仍存在企业规模小、技术水平不高、政策支持力度不够、收储运体系尚未建立等诸多问题。首先,本文基于吉林省玉米秸秆综合利用现状,运用系统工程、农林经济管理等多学科理论与方法,采用理论分析、计算机测算与实证研究相结合、宏观与微观相结合的综合研究方法,总结了我国农作物秸秆综合利用现状趋势,测算出吉林省2008-2014年玉米秸秆产量、收集量以及利用量,分析得出吉林省玉米秸秆综合利用过程中存在秸秆收储体系尚未建立、政府补助投入不足、秸秆还田技术未得到广泛推广应用、秸秆综合利用技术不成熟以及缺少政策支持等问题。其次,运用AHP方法,以经济潜力、生态潜力、社会潜力及技术潜力为准则层,选取9个政策需求指标构建指标体系,定量分析吉林省玉米秸秆综合利用潜力提升政策需求。研究认为提升吉林省玉米秸秆综合利用潜力的政策需求主要是建立秸秆综合利用产业链,推进秸秆商业化利用、建立完善的科技成果促进转化机制、设立有效的政策补助和科技奖励政策、加快推进秸秆收储运服务体系建设等。最后,根据AHP评价结果,针对玉米秸秆综合利用产业发展的政策需求,提出了符合吉林省实际的对策与建议,为吉林省切实加大秸秆转化力度,提高秸秆综合利用水平,实现资源节约、环境保护和农民增收,促进农业可持续发展和生态文明建设提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Crop straw is a valuable renewable resource. Comprehensive utilization of straw resource is an effective way to improve agricultural efficiency, save energy, protect ecological environment and increase farmers' income. Jilin Province is a big province of maize production in China. In recent years, Jilin Province has gradually attached importance to the comprehensive utilization of corn straw, increased policy guidance and support, and formulated a green channel for straw transportation. In order to speed up the construction of major projects, the industrial development level of comprehensive utilization of corn straw is constantly rising. However, from the current situation, there are still small enterprises, low technical level and insufficient policy support. First of all, based on the status quo of comprehensive utilization of corn straw in Jilin Province, this paper uses multi-disciplinary theories and methods, such as system engineering, agriculture and forestry economic management, to adopt theoretical analysis. This paper summarizes the current situation of comprehensive utilization of crop straw in China, and calculates the yield, collection and utilization of corn straw from 2008 to 2014 in Jilin Province. It is concluded that in the process of comprehensive utilization of maize straw in Jilin Province, the system of straw collection and storage has not been established, the government subsidy investment is insufficient, and the technology of returning straw to the field has not been widely applied. Secondly, using AHP method, taking economic potential, ecological potential, social potential and technical potential as the criterion layer, 9 policy demand indicators are selected to construct the index system. The policy demand of improving the comprehensive utilization potential of maize straw in Jilin Province is analyzed quantitatively. The policy demand for enhancing the comprehensive utilization potential of maize straw in Jilin Province is mainly to establish the industrial chain of comprehensive utilization of corn straw and to promote the commercialization of straw utilization. Establish a perfect mechanism to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, establish effective policy subsidies and scientific and technological reward policies, accelerate the construction of straw storage, storage and transportation service system, etc. Finally, according to the evaluation results of AHP, In view of the policy demand of the industry development of corn straw comprehensive utilization, the countermeasures and suggestions in line with the actual situation of Jilin Province are put forward, which can effectively increase the transformation of the straw, improve the comprehensive utilization level of the straw, and realize the resource saving. Environmental protection and farmers' income increase, to promote the sustainable development of agriculture and ecological civilization to provide theoretical basis.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.214

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