基于组合关系理论的日语多义动词的词义分析及其翻译方法考察

发布时间：2018-01-12 06:17

本文关键词：基于组合关系理论的日语多义动词的词义分析及其翻译方法考察　出处：《广西大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：日语中,许多多义词都是基础词汇,而这些看似简单的词汇实则义项繁多、词义复杂。对于日语学习者来说,随着学习的深入,或多或少会感到一些混乱。拥有近40种义项的动词「(?)」以及拥有近30种义项的动词「(?)」正是这样的多义词。由于其词义繁多、义项复杂,在翻译成中文时需要根据其前接名词的不同而选择不同的译语进行翻译,所有这些对于日语学习者来说是一个比较棘手的、同时也是一个值得考察的问题。结构主义语言学认为,语言作为一种音义结合的符号并非孤立存在,语言符号与符号之间紧密联系、从而形成一个系统。语言符号的各级语义单位之间主要存在两种关系,即聚合关系和组合关系。其中,语义的聚合关系不仅是指具有共同点又有不同之处的语义单位之间的各种相互关系,也指在句子中的某一位置能够互相替换的语言单位之间的关系；语义的组合关系是指在语流中各个语义单位按一定的规则前后连接而形成的关系,它体现了语流中语言单位之间的线性相互关系。语义的搭配不仅要符合语法规则,还要遵守语义的组合规律。因此,本论文中,通过对多义动词的义项进行梳理、利用语义的组合规律考察多义动词“(?)”“(?)”与之搭配的名词之间的共起关系,并根据多义动词前接名词的词义属性制定多义词的翻译规则,这可以为日语学习者提供一种可行的、学习日语多义词的方法。本论共由六章构成,这里将大概内容概括如下：第一章是序论部分,主要介绍论文的意义、目的、先行研究、视点及其研究方法。第二章在先行研究的基础上,阐明语义组合的相关理论、多义词的定义,并介绍语义组合理论运用于多义词的词义分析的情况。笔者从而认为,对于日语学习者的多义词词义习得而言,利用共起关系学习、研究多义词词义是有必要的。第三章以日语多义动词(?)”“(?)”为例,分别利用词典和语料库对其进行较为详尽的语义考察。通过词典考察,把“孙”一词的词义共分为41项,把“(?)”的词义共分为34项。其次,再通过从语料库抽选出实际的语例分别考察“(?)”“(?)”各词义的实际运用情况,通过考察从语料库中抽出的实际语例,把“(?)”一词的词义用法归纳为17项,把“(?)”一词的词义用法归纳为12项。第四章是在第三章语义分析的基础上,根据多义词前接名词的词义属性以及“(?)”“(?)”与名词之间的共起关系,提供多义词“(?)”、“(?)”的翻译规则。在本论中,共制作17个多义词“(?)”的翻译规则和10个多义词“(?)”的翻译规则。第五章以广西大学日语专业本科三、四年级的学生为对象实行问卷调查。问卷分两部分进行：首先对同学们的多义词习得情况开展问卷调查分析；然后在告知同学们多义词翻译规则的基础上,展开第二部分的问卷调查。通过分析前后两部分问卷调查的数据,从而检验基于语义组合关系的多义词习得方法的可行性。第六章是本论文的结论部分。此章对本论文进行了梳理,整理留下的问题点,提示今后的课题。本论文对日语多义动词“(?)”“(?)”进行了较为详细的语义考察,并且利用语义的组合理论考察了多义动词“(?)”“(?)”与之搭配的名词之间的共起关系,并根据其前接名词的词义属性的不同提供了多义动词“(?)”“(?)”的翻译规则,最后通过问卷调查验证基于语义组合的翻译方法在日语教育中、在多义词的习得过程中的可行性。这可以给今后的日语教育和多义词的习得带来一定的启示。本论文不仅对日语学习者了解和掌握多义动词“(?)”和“(?)”的词义提供一定的帮助,而且也能给日语学习者了解和掌握其他多义动词带来一定的启示,具有一定的学术价值和应用价值。
[Abstract]:In Japanese, many polysemous words are basic words, and these seemingly simple words but meanings are complex meaning. For Japanese learners, with the in-depth study, more or less will feel some confusion. With nearly 40 meanings of the verb "(?)" and has nearly 30 meanings of the verb "(it is this?"). Due to its various meanings of polysemous words, meanings in complex, translated into Chinese need according to the noun before then select different target language translation, all of these for Japanese learners is a difficult, but also a problem worth exploring.
That structural linguistics, with language as a sound symbol is not isolated, the close relationship between language symbols and symbols, thus forming a system. There are two kinds of relationship between levels of semantic units of language symbols, namely the paradigmatic and syntagmatic relation. The semantic paradigmatic relation refers not only to have the common points and there are various relationships between different semantic units, also refers to the relationship between language units at a particular position in the sentence can replace each other; the combination of semantic relationship refers to the relationship in English semantic units according to certain rules and connections are formed, it reflects the linear relationship between the flow of language in the language unit. The semantic collocation should not only conform to the rules of grammar, but also comply with the combination rule of semantics.
Therefore, this thesis, through combing the meanings of polysemous verbs, using the combination rule of semantic investigation of polysemous verbs "(?)" and "(?)" is the relationship between noun and collocation, and according to the meanings of polysemous verbs before nouns attribute formulation of polysemy translation rules, it can Japanese learners to provide a feasible method, learning Japanese polysemous words.
This theory is composed of six chapters, and the general content is summarized as follows:
The first chapter is the introduction part, mainly introduces the purpose, significance, research advance, viewpoint and research methods.
The second chapter based on previous research, the related theory to clarify semantic combination, the definition of polysemy, and the combination of semantic theory to the polysemy of lexical analysis. Thus the author believes that the acquisition of polysemous words for Japanese learners, using correlation learning, study of polysemous words is necessary.
The third chapter in Japanese polysemous verbs (?) "and" (?) "as an example, using the dictionary and corpus to carry on the detailed investigation. Through the semantic dictionary of the word" sun "consists of 41 items," (?) "the meaning is divided into 34. Secondly, through the cases selected from the actual extraction language corpus respectively" (?) "and" (?) "the actual use of the word, by examining the actual examples extracted from the corpus, the" (?) "the meaning of use of the word into 17," (?) "meaning a word into 12.
The fourth chapter is based on the semantic analysis in the third chapter, according to the meanings of polysemous words attribute nouns and "(?)" and "(?)" and relationship between nouns, provide polysemous word "(?)", "(?)" the translation rules. In this theory, a total of 17 a polysemous word "(?)" translation rules and 10 polysemous word "(?)" translation rules.
In the fifth chapter, Guangxi University undergraduate majoring in Japanese three, the fourth grade students as the object of the questionnaire. The questionnaire is divided into two parts: the first acquisition of polysemous words of students conducted a questionnaire survey and analysis; then inform students of polysemy translation rules, developed the second part of the survey data through the two part. The questionnaire before and after analysis, so as to test the feasibility of polysemy acquisition method based on the combination of semantic relations.
The sixth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. This chapter combs the thesis, collate the problems left behind, and prompt the future topic.
The Japanese verb "(?)" and "(?)" the semantic of a more detailed study, and by using the theory of combination of semantic study of polysemous verbs "(?)" and "(?)" is the relationship between noun and collocation, and provides the polysemous verbs according to their meaning by attributes the noun before different "(?)" and "(?)" the translation rules, finally through the questionnaire validation based on the translation methods of semantic combination in Japanese education, feasibility in the process of polysemous words acquisition. This can bring some enlightenment to the future of Japanese education and the acquisition of polysemous words. This paper not only for Japanese learners to understand and master the polysemous verbs "(?)" and "(?)" meaning to provide some help, but also for Japanese learners to understand and grasp the other polysemous verbs bring certain enlightenment, has certain academic value and application value.

【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H36

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