日语使役句的汉译

发布时间：2018-02-11 07:11

本文关键词： 日语使役句汉语使役表达汉译　出处：《福建师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以中日对译语料库中的『ノルゥェ一の森』、『明日来る人』、『心』、『雪国』的使役句及其译文为研究对象,目的在于分析日语使役句在汉译时的注意事项及问题,探讨其汉译规则。日语使役句分为基本使役句和派生使役句。本文先对日语使役句的分类进行考察,明确每种意思的表达特点。接着,对汉语使役表达的使用情况进行考察并得出其各自使用的规则。汉语的使役表达除了词汇致使之外,还有兼语句(使字句和使令句)、把字句、V得句、使成句、使动句。其次,以汉语使役表达的使用规则依据,考察了『ノルゥェ一の森』、『明日来る人』、『心』、『雪国』的译文,分析其译文的合理性并对出现误译的译文进行分析得出其误译原因.得出如下结论：(ⅰ)日语使役句在汉译时,出现误译的比较少。出现误译的主要原因有：对汉语“使、让、叫”使用条件使用不当和对日语原文理解错误造成的。(ⅱ)表“使令”义的日语使役句有直接使役和间接使役之分。直接使役一般翻译为带有“给”、“帮助”等表达使役者亲手参与被使役者动作的表达方式。间接使役多数翻译成带有“叫、让”的兼语句,还可以翻译成由其他兼语式动词构成的兼语句。(ⅲ)表“许容”义的日语使役句多数翻译成带“让”的兼语句,还可翻译成“允许”、“许,等表示允许义的词汇表达方式。(ⅳ)表示“因果关系”的使役句和表“引起变化”的使役句,一般译为致使义兼语句,也可翻译成致使义把字句、V得句、使成句。(ⅴ)身使役句不翻译成兼语句。表示积极地引起返身动作的返身使役句,可译为把字句、“主语+述语”、“述语+宾语”等表达,表示使役者有意志地引起某动作；表示消极地引起返身动作的返身使役句不能译为把字句,但同样可译为“主语+述语”、“述语宾语”等,表示使役者的某种情状·状态。(ⅵ)他动用法的使役句中不含有使役事件,动词「Vさせる」直接作用于使役对象,在翻译成汉语时,不能翻译成成兼语句。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the causative sentences and their translations from the Chinese and Japanese translation corpora, such as "coming tomorrow", "heart", "snow country", in order to analyze the matters needing attention and problems in the Chinese-Chinese translation of Japanese causative sentences. This paper probes into the rules of its translation into Chinese. Japanese causative sentences are divided into basic causative sentences and derived causative sentences. This paper investigates the usage of Chinese causative expressions and draws the rules for their respective usages. Besides lexical causation, Chinese causative expressions also have concurrent sentences. On the basis of the usage rules of Chinese causative expressions, this paper examines the translations of the following words: "a man comes tomorrow", "heart", "snow country". By analyzing the reasonableness of its translation and analyzing the causes of its mistranslation, the author draws the following conclusion: (I) there are fewer mistranslations of Japanese causative sentences in Chinese translation. It is called "improper use of the conditions of use and incorrect understanding of the Japanese original text". (II) the Japanese causative sentence in the meaning of Ling is divided into direct and indirect causative sentences. The general translation of direct causation is with "giving", "helping" and so on. The expression of the action of the emissary himself or his own hands. Most of the indirect envoys are translated as "called," The conjunct sentence of "Jean" can also be translated into the Japanese causative sentence with the meaning of "Xu Rong", which is composed of other concurrent verbs. Most of the Japanese causative sentences can be translated into concurrent sentences with "concession", and can also be translated as "allowed", "Xu," (IV) the causative sentence for "causality" and the causative sentence for "causing change", which are generally translated as causative synonyms, or as causative sentences. In order to make the sentence. (v) not translated into a concurrent sentence. A return causative sentence that actively causes a return action can be translated into expressions such as "subject statement", "subject statement", "predicate object", and so on, indicating that the agent has the will to cause a certain action; A reflexive causative sentence that causes a negative reentry action cannot be translated into a sentence, but it can also be translated into a subject statement, a predicate object, etc. The causative event is not contained in the causative sentence of his usage method. The verb "V" acts directly on the object of causation, and cannot be translated into a concurrent sentence when it is translated into Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H36

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