关于现代日语陈述副词与汉语语气副词的对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 07:35

本文选题：陈述副词　切入点：语气　出处：《湖南大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文从句法学及语用学的观点出发，并运用益冈(1992)的研究，试图就日语(山田语法概念中的)陈述副词和汉语语气副词(只表示语气副词意义的双音节副词)的异同，进行了比较全面的对比考察。本文分为四章，针对陈述副词和语气副词在构成句子时的功能或位置等方面存在的异同进行考察。第一章详细介绍日语陈述副词的三种主要分类情况，同时介绍汉语语气副词的研究现状。在此基础上，结合问题点，明确本文的立场。第二章在参照益冈(1992)分类、对陈述副词进行归纳的基础上，尝试着把汉语语气副词也划分为“出现在主句中的语气副词”和“出现在从句中的语气副词”两大类。汉语中没有表示传闻和让步语气的副词，因而与日语“出现在主句中的陈述副词”的七类相比缺少一类，位于从句的语气副词只有表示条件的一类，因而在分类上两者出现了差异。第三章从与语气(mood)的呼应关系、与三类副词(指程度、情态、陈述或语气副词)的修饰关系、与NP或VP的位置关系这三方面出发，就位于主句中的陈述副词和语气副词进行考察，并得出如下结论：(1)日语陈述副词与语气(mood)形式有呼应关系，与程度或情态副词构成阶层包含关系，出现在NP前面的陈述副词较多，陈述副词移位至句首时，功能辖域与焦点扩大至NP左侧，陈述副词移动到NP右侧时，功能辖域和焦点缩小至VP；(2)语气副词中既有与语气形式呼应的副词，也有不相呼应的副词，，与程度或情态副词能形成阶层包含关系，位置关系方面与陈述副词类似，多见于NP之前，由位置的变化可以引导出与陈述副词相似的功能辖域和焦点的变化。第四章就出现在从句中的日语陈述副词和汉语语气副词进行对比考察。与位于主句中的陈述副词类似，位于从句的陈述副词与从句句末的语气(mood)形式相呼应；和其他副词都没有修饰关系，而存在包含关系；陈述副词位置的移动对其功能辖域和焦点带来影响。汉语语气副词的呼应形式位于主句中，而在和其他副词的修饰关系及句中的位置关系方面，与陈述副词的这两种关系大体一致。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of sentence jurisprudence and pragmatics, this paper tries to compare the Japanese (Yamada grammatical concept) statement adverbs with the Chinese modal adverbs (disyllabic adverbs that only indicate the meaning of mood adverbs). A more comprehensive comparative investigation was carried out. This paper is divided into four chapters to investigate the similarities and differences between declarative adverbs and mood adverbs in the function or position of sentence formation. The first chapter introduces the three main classifications of Japanese declarative adverbs, and introduces the current situation of Chinese modal adverbs. On this basis, combining with the problem points, this paper clarifies the position of this paper. The second chapter induces the statement adverbs according to the classification of Yigang (1992). This paper attempts to divide Chinese mood adverbs into two categories: "mood adverbs appearing in the subject sentence" and "mood adverbs appearing in clauses". Therefore, compared with the seven categories of Japanese "declarative adverbs appearing in the main sentence", there is a difference in the classification between them because the modal adverbs in the clauses have only one kind of expressing conditions. The third chapter starts from three aspects: the echo relation with mood mood, the modification relation with three kinds of adverbs (degree, modality, statement or mood adverb), and the position relation between NP and VP. This paper makes an investigation on the adverbs of statement and mood in the main sentence, and draws the following conclusion: 1) the Japanese statement adverbs are related to the form of mood adverbs, and to the degree or the modal adverbs constitute the hierarchy of inclusions. When the adverbs are shifted to the beginning of the sentence, the functional scope and focus extend to the left side of NP, and the adverbs move to the right side of NP. The functional scope and focus of the adverbs are reduced to VPPQ2) the adverbs in mood adverbs have both adverbs that echo mood forms and adverbs that do not echo each other, which can form hierarchical inclusion relations with degree or modality adverbs, and are similar to declarative adverbs in position relation. Before NP, the change of position can lead to the change of functional domain and focus similar to that of declarative adverb. Chapter 4th compares the Japanese statement adverbs and the Chinese modal adverbs in clauses. Similar to the adverbs in the main sentence, the statement adverbs in the clauses echo with the mood adverbs at the end of the clauses. The movement of the position of the statement adverb has an influence on its functional scope and focus. The echo form of the Chinese modal adverb lies in the main sentence. On the other hand, the modified relation with other adverbs and the position relation in the sentence are consistent with the two relations of the declarative adverb.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：H36

【引证文献】