英日汉朝“心”构成的复合词对比分析

发布时间：2018-04-15 02:40

本文选题：人体词 + 构词特征　；参考：《延边大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文旨在发现英日汉朝四种语言中的“心”在构词上的特征和规律,由“心”构成的复合词在四种语言中的语义异同以及造成这些共性和差异的原因。在综合运用词汇学,语义学,认知语言学等相关学科的理论和研究成果的基础上,主要采取对比研究法,描写与解释相结合法,语义成分分析法分别对“心”的构词特征及“心”构成的复合词语义进行多角度、多层面的探讨。首先,通过对四种语言中的“心”进行界定以及对复合词的定义进行概述,为本文的研究提供理论基础。然后,对四种语言中由“心”构成的复合词的构词特点分为“心”与不同语类结合构成的复合词以及“心”与其功能属性词结合构成的复合词两大类,进而对两种构词特征在语言间进行对比,并归纳出异同,阐述产生异同的原因。最后,先通过对比分析四种语言中的“心”在词典中的释义归纳“心”的语义成分,进而分别对四种语言中由“心”构成的复合词进行语义成分分析,并对构成复合词时词汇间的语义限制进行语际、语内对比,分析出语义的异同,对产生异同的原因进行了阐述。以上构词特征,语义异同及其原因,亦即本文的主要结论,具体如下： (1)通过对比分析英日汉朝“心”构成的复合词构词特征,得出朝鲜语中不存在“心+形容词”结构的复合词：英语"heart"不能与表示容器的词结合构成复合词；日语“心”不能与表示感官的词结合构成复合词；日语“心”与朝鲜语“(?)”不能与表示形状的词结合构成复合词。 (2)通过对比分析英日汉朝“心”与其功能属性词结合构成的复合词的形式及意义,归纳出了语言间的形式和意义之间的关系,并发现各个语言对语言间相同的词汇或不同的词汇的认识、理解和诠释的不同是造成差异的主要原因。并发现心脏的功能对“心”的构词特征产生影响,而“心”的构词特征更加突出了心脏的功能。 (3)通过对比分析英日汉朝“心”构成的复合词语义,详细地归纳出了共有语义、非共有语义以及语言中特有的语义,对造成共有语义的原因可以通过生理、心理、伦理现象、以及语言的特征等方面进行解释,而对造成非共有语义的原因主要可以通过语言的特征,包括语言的构词力的强弱、以及词的能产性等方面进行解释。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to find out the characteristics and rules of word-formation of "Xin" in the four languages of English, Japan and Han Dynasty, the semantic similarities and differences of the compound words composed of "Xin" in the four languages, and the causes of these similarities and differences.On the basis of synthetically applying the theories and research achievements of lexicology, semantics, cognitive linguistics and other related disciplines, the author mainly adopts the method of comparative research, the combination of description and explanation.The semantic component analysis method discusses the word-formation characteristics of "Xin" and the meaning of compound words composed of "heart" from different angles and levels respectively.First of all, by defining the "heart" in the four languages and summarizing the definition of compound words, this paper provides a theoretical basis for this study.Then, the characteristics of compound words composed of "heart" in the four languages are divided into two categories: "heart" combined with different language categories and "heart" combined with its functional attribute words.Then the author contrasts the two kinds of word-formation features, sums up the similarities and differences, and explains the reasons for the similarities and differences.Finally, the semantic components of "heart" in the four languages are analyzed by comparing and analyzing the meaning of "heart" in the dictionary, and then the semantic components of the compound word "heart" in the four languages are analyzed respectively.In addition, the author analyzes the semantic differences and similarities between words, and explains the reasons for the differences and similarities.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the characteristics of word formation, semantic similarities and differences and their causes, which are the main conclusions of this paper.1) based on the contrastive analysis of the word-formation characteristics of "heart" in English, Japan and Han Dynasty, it is concluded that there is no compound word with "heart adjective" structure in Korean: "heart" in English cannot be combined with the word expressing container to form compound word;The Japanese word "heart" cannot be combined with the words expressing the senses to form a compound word; the Japanese word "heart" and the Korean word "Jiao")A compound word cannot be combined with a word expressing a shape.(2) through the comparative analysis of the form and meaning of the compound words formed by the combination of the "heart" and the functional attribute words in the English, Japanese and Han dynasties, the relationship between the forms and meanings of the languages is summed up.It is also found that the differences in understanding, understanding and interpretation of the same vocabulary or different vocabulary are the main reasons for the differences.It is also found that the function of the heart has an effect on the word-formation characteristics of the heart, while the word-formation feature of the heart highlights the function of the heart.(3) by comparing and analyzing the meaning of "heart" in English, Japan and Han Dynasty, the author concludes in detail the common semantics, non-common semantics and special semantics in language, which can be caused by physiological, psychological and ethical phenomena.The causes of non-common semantics can be explained mainly by language features, including the strength of language word-formation force, and the productive ability of words.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313;H36

【参考文献】