关于日汉知觉动词的比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 20:34

本文选题：认知 + 知觉动词　；参考：《大连海事大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 人类的认知活动是从周围环境获取信息的知觉的过程。但是,人们通常不会对从感觉器官所获取的所有的信息都加以同等的注意,在把握对象上是有一定的选择的。通过这种方式,人们把经过选择而获取的信息储存在记忆中,可以说人们所拥有的知识就是这种经过处理、被储存在大脑中的长期记忆。无论在说话时还是在听话时,我们都是按照时间的顺序来对语言的含义进行理解。也就是说,我们理解语言的含义的过程,就是将多个单词按时间的顺序进行排列的过程。被排列起来的单词,经过长时间的记忆,根据需要,随时间的扩展而被表示出来。这里所说的时间的扩展,是构成人们心中表达空间(形式)的一个次元(层面)。每个单词的意义在人的记忆当中虽然是抽象的,但是,只要人们回想起心中的表达空间,那么世界上的相关知识就能够几乎一致地被解释出来。这一解释的过程,就是理解语言的含义的过程。我们认为,按照时间的推移,排列单词的顺序,进行理解的过程,会对我们解释词语的含义产生一定的影响。为了确认这一观点,本文基于认知语言学的相关理论,对中日语言中与五感有关的知觉动词及其宾语等词语的含义的理解进行对比分析。认知语言学认为,人们如果是主动的有意图的对事物进行感知,那么一定要先进行一些准备动作,然后对感知的对象加以注意,并进一步进行更深层次的认识。本文对在这种行为与认识的连锁中,知觉动词都能表达哪些环节进行了确认,结果发现,日语的知觉动词的意思范围要比汉语的更广一些。也就是,日语中可以用一个动词来表达知觉的准备动作与实际的感知两方面的含义,而汉语则通过多词来进行完整表达。日语动词由于出现在宾语之后,其意义能够被灵活地解释,因此认为动词本身的意思范围也更广些。与此相对应,汉语的动词先于宾语出现,被赋予的信息量大,因此认为其本身的含义范围反而变小。
[Abstract]:Human cognitive activity is the process of obtaining information from the surrounding environment. However, people usually do not pay equal attention to all information obtained from sensory organs, and have certain choice in grasping objects. In this way, people store the selected information in the memory. It can be said that the knowledge that people have is this kind of long-term memory that is processed and stored in the brain. We understand the meaning of language in the order of time, both when we speak and when we listen. In other words, the process of understanding the meaning of language is to arrange multiple words in chronological order. The words that are arranged are expressed over time after a long period of memory, as needed and over time. The expansion of time here is a dimension that forms the expression space in people's hearts. Although the meaning of each word is abstract in human memory, as long as people recall the expression space in their hearts, the relevant knowledge in the world can be explained almost uniformly. The process of this interpretation is the process of understanding the meaning of language. We believe that according to the passage of time, the sequence of words, the process of understanding, will have a certain impact on our interpretation of the meaning of words. In order to confirm this view, this paper, based on the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics, makes a contrastive analysis of the meanings of perceptual verbs and their objects related to the five senses in the Chinese and Japanese languages. Cognitive linguistics holds that if people are actively and purposefully aware of things, they must first make some preparations, then pay attention to the objects of perception, and further carry out a deeper understanding. This paper confirms which links of perceptual verbs can be expressed in this kind of behavior and cognition, and finds that the meaning range of Japanese perceptual verbs is wider than that of Chinese. In other words, a verb can be used to express the meaning of both perceptual preparatory action and actual perception in Japanese, while the Chinese language can be expressed completely by multiple words. Since Japanese verbs appear after objects, their meanings can be interpreted flexibly, so the meaning of verbs themselves is considered to be wider. In contrast, Chinese verbs appear before objects and are endowed with a large amount of information, so that the scope of their own meaning becomes smaller.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：H36

【参考文献】