汉日否定表达对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 03:39

本文选题：否定表达 + 否定的生成过程　；参考：《吉林大学》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：本文立足于否定与思维的关系,将否定表达的生成分解为两个有意识的过程:(一)确定肯定预先假设;(二)对预先假设进行否认或反驳,同时明确指出这是所有语言共通的否定生成基础。在此基础上我们分析了现代汉语中两个常用否定词“不”和“没(有)”的语义,统一解释了汉日相关格式和词语在否定使用方面受限的共同原因。我们从解决教学实践中的课题出发有的放矢的选择对比项。我们选择的对比项较丰富,包括否定格式受限的比较、否定语义的确立比较、否定词(形式)的语义特征以及表现在时制、时体方面的特性的比较,还包括跨语言的普遍现象----否定极性副词、否定极性表达格式等的对比。在对比时注意突破以往研究主要以归纳汉语否定词与日语否定形式之间的对应关系的局限,我们尝试从说话人的“视点”出发,力求对一种语言形式表示的多种语义功能做出统一解释,从新的视角揭示汉日语言否定表达的不同机制。
[Abstract]:Based on the relationship between negation and thinking, this paper decomposes the formation of negative expression into two conscious processes: (1) definite positive presupposition (2) denying or refuting presupposition. At the same time, it is clearly pointed out that this is the basis of negative generative common to all languages. On this basis, we analyze the semantics of the two negative words "Bu" and "Nou (you)" in modern Chinese, and explain the common reasons for the limitation of the negative use of Chinese and Japanese related formats and words. We set out from solving the problem in teaching practice to choose contrasting items. The comparative items we choose are more abundant, including the comparison of the restricted negative format, the comparison of the establishment of negative semantics, the semantic characteristics of negative words (forms), and the comparison of the characteristics of tense and tense. It also includes the comparison of negative polarity adverbs, negative polarity expressions and so on. In contrast, we try to break through the limitations of previous studies mainly to conclude the corresponding relationship between Chinese negative words and Japanese negative forms. We try to start from the speaker's "viewpoint". This paper tries to make a unified explanation of the semantic functions of a linguistic form, and to reveal the different mechanisms of negative expression in Chinese and Japanese from a new perspective.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H146;H36

【引证文献】