话语礼貌原则视域下的“请求—拒绝”话语研究

发布时间：2019-02-18 09:41

【摘要】：“依赖”是说话人向听话人的请求言语行为,会威胁到听话人的面子。再者,“拒绝”言语行为是比“依赖”对听话人的面子威胁更甚的言语行为。为了恰当地使用这两种言语行为,达到保持顺利交际的目的,有必要先了解日语“依赖-拒绝”谈话的特征和构造。此外,“依赖”和“拒绝”两种言语行为是相互支持,相互促进的,所以两者放在一起研究能够反映出“依赖-拒绝”谈话的实际状态。因此,本论文基于宇佐美(2002)的话语礼貌理论(discourse politeness theory),以日语电视剧中的“依赖-拒绝”谈话为研究对象,聚焦于Brown and Levinson (1987)的礼貌理论(politeness theory)中指出的“面子威胁行为”的“距离"(distance)、“力”(power)这两个因素,探讨“依赖-拒绝”言语行为的特征。本论文以说话人为基准,把与听话人的关系分为以下情况：“距离近”、“距离疏远”、“距离远”、“力大”、“力小”。把其组合整理为：①距离近,力大(上·亲)②距离近,力小(同·亲)③距离疏远,力大(上·疏)④距离疏远,力小(同·疏)⑤距离远,力大(上·远)⑥距离远,力小(同·远)六种。基于以上六种情况对搜集的日语电视剧中的“依赖-拒绝”谈话进行分类整理,并通过“谈话开始”、“依赖请求和拒绝”、“谈话结束”这三个阶段的每一个谈话进行逐一考察。通过对(上·亲),(同·亲),(上·疏),(同·疏),(上·远),(同·远)这六种人际关系分类中使用的意义公式的考察,明白了日语“依赖-拒绝”谈话的构造。分别是：(1)“上·亲”的场合下,常用“依赖”{称呼语},{前话题插入}—“拒绝”{不可},{回避}等意义公式的连锁。(2)“同·亲”的场合下,常用“依赖”{称呼语},{情况说明},—“拒绝”{犹豫}等意义公式的连锁。(3)“上·疏”的场合下,常用“依赖”{称呼语},{情况说明]—“拒绝”{解释}等意义公式的连锁。(4)“同·疏”的场合下,常用“依赖”{称呼语},{预告},{预定确认},{情况说明}—“拒绝”{责难}等意义公式的连锁。(5)“上·远”的场合下,常用“依赖”{称呼语},{前话题插入},{预告},{预定确认},{情况说明}—“拒绝”{条件},{回避}等意义公式的连锁。(6)“同·远”的场合下,常用“依赖”{称呼语},{前话题插入},{情况说明}—“拒绝”{回避}等意义公式的连锁。并且,也明白了“距离" (distance)、“力’'(power)这两个因素对日语“依赖-拒绝”谈话构造的影响。
[Abstract]:"dependence" is a speech act that the speaker requests from the hearer, which threatens the face of the hearer. Furthermore, refusal is a more serious threat to the face of the hearer than reliance. In order to use these two kinds of speech acts properly and to maintain smooth communication, it is necessary to understand the characteristics and structure of Japanese "dependency-refusal" conversation. In addition, "dependence" and "refusal" are mutually supportive and mutually reinforcing, so the study together can reflect the actual state of the "dependency-refusal" conversation. Therefore, based on the utterance politeness theory proposed by Yusama (2002), this thesis focuses on the "dependency refusal" conversation in Japanese TV series. Focusing on the politeness theory of Brown and Levinson (1987 (politeness theory), the author points out that the "distance" (distance), "force" (power) "of" face threatening behavior "is two factors, and probes into the characteristics of" dependency and refusal "speech act. Based on the speaker, this thesis divides the relationship with the hearer into the following situations: "distance", "big force" and "small force". The combination is arranged as follows: 1 close, 2 close, 3 distant, 4 distant, 5 long, 6 long distance, 3 distance, 4 distance, 5 distance, 6 distance, 3 distance, 4 distance, 5 distance, 6 distance, 2 distance, 3 distance, 4 distance, 5 distance, 6 distance, 2 distance, 3 distance, 4 distance, 5 distance, 6 distance, There are six kinds of small force (at the same distance). Based on the above six situations, the "dependency-refusal" conversations collected in Japanese TV dramas are classified and sorted through "conversation initiation", "dependency request and rejection", Each of the three stages of the conversation was examined one by one. Based on the investigation of the meaning formulas used in the classification of six interpersonal relationships (), (and), (on), (and), (), we understand the structure of Japanese "dependency refusal" conversation. They are as follows: (1) in the case of "upper relatives", there is a link of meaning formulas such as "dependence" {address}, {former topic insertion}-"refusal" {not}, {avoidance}, etc. (2) in the case of "same relatives", Commonly used "dependence" {address}, {case description},-"refuse" {hesitant}, etc. (3) in the case of "upper sparse", often used "dependence" {address}, {case Note]-the linkage of "refusal" {explanation}, etc. (4) in the case of "identical", "dependency" {address}, {notice}, {predetermined confirmation}, {description}-the linkage of meaning formulas such as "refusal" {censure}. (5) in the case of "far up", "dependency" {address}, {pretopic insertion}, {advance}, {predetermined confirmation}, {description}-the linkage of meaning formulas such as "refusal" {conditional}, {avoidance}. (6) in the case of "same distance", "dependency" {address}, {pretopic insert}, {description}-the linkage of meaning formulas such as "reject" {avoidance}. We also understand the influence of distance "(distance)," force'(power) on Japanese 'dependency-rejection' conversation structure.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H36

【相似文献】