日语多义动词“さす”的认知研究
发布时间：2019-03-03 08:53
【摘要】：人类使用的语言承载着具体的语义,这种语义因历史的变迁、地理环境、文化氛围的不同而有所差异、有所演变。在认知语言学的语义观中,一般认为语义不能独立于人这一实体。即语义不是词汇本身就有的,它基于人对外部客观世界的感知、认知、经验形成,语义不会脱离人的心智过程及实践活动得到的经验独立存在。本文将运用认知语言学的相关理论从人的认知心理角度对日语常用多义动词“さす”进行语义分析,研究多义动词“さす”的多义性及各义项间的认知联系。本论文的研究将“插入”作为多义动词“さす”的最初语义,但该语义在使用过程中逐渐被细化,并且依靠“刺す”“差す”“指す”“c?す”“注す/点す”这些汉字来区分被细化后的具体的语义。以上汉字代表的基本意义分别为:“刺す/人为作用力下前端尖锐细长物体的插入”、“差す/自然而然地进入”、“指す/插入物体前的方向指示性”、“c?す/插入的缝隙或容器”、“注す·点す/液体的添加、加入”。以上五个含义再一次被细化延伸,分别派生出同源同音字“螫す”“射す”“止す”“摉す”“捺す”。动词“さす”的每个义项具有的基本意义虽然各有侧重、有所不同,但都暗含着“插入”这一具体的原始动作。这说明了作为同源同音动词所含有的这些义项都是由多义动词“さす”派生演化而来,且语义都包含着“插入”的模糊语义。在对多义动词“さす”的语义研究过程中发现,语义范畴的边界是不明确的,具有模糊性,而且具有向外扩展的开放性。这些特性使得多义动词“さす”的语义在向外延伸时出现了非范畴化现象,即在原有动词词性的基础上派生出使役助动词的用法,词性发生了转变,具有助动词词性这一新的范畴语义,原有动词范畴语义丢失。因此,多义动词“さす”的语义研究除外,非范畴化、音变后的使役助动词“させる”的语义分析也成为本文的研究内容。本文将以之前的研究为鉴,证明助动词“させる”与多义动词“さす”具有同源性,并从“使役”“尊敬”两个角度对语义进行汇总、分析。
[Abstract]:The language used by human beings carries specific semantics, which vary and evolve with the change of history, geographical environment and cultural atmosphere. In the semantic view of cognitive linguistics, it is generally believed that semantics cannot be independent of human beings. Meaning is not a word itself, it is based on human perception of the external objective world, cognition, the formation of experience, semantics will not be separated from the mental process and the experience gained from the practice of the existence of an independent existence. This paper makes a semantic analysis of the polysemous verb "Xu" in Japanese from the perspective of cognitive psychology by using the related theories of cognitive linguistics, and studies the polysemy of the polysemous verb "Xu" and the cognitive relationship between the various semantic items. In this study, "insert" is regarded as the initial semantics of the polysemous verb "Yu", but it is gradually refined in the process of use and depends on "prick", "difference", "reference", "c?" These Chinese characters are used to distinguish the specific semantics after being refined. The basic meanings of the above Chinese characters are as follows: "insertion of sharp slender objects in front end under artificial force", "differential / natural entry", "indication of direction before insertion", "c?" / insert gap or container "," injection point / liquid addition, add ". The above five meanings have been refined and extended again to derive the homophonic characters "sting", "shooting", "stopping", "repressing" and "repressing" respectively. Although the basic meaning of the verb "Xu" has its own emphasis and difference, it implies the concrete original action of "insert". This shows that the meanings contained in homophonic verbs are derived from the polysemous verb "Xu", and the semantics contain the vague meaning of "insert". In the process of studying the semantics of polysemous verb, it is found that the boundary of semantic category is not clear, fuzzy, and open to the outside. These characteristics make the semantic extension of the polysemous verb "Xu" decategorize, that is, on the basis of the part of speech of the original verb, the usage of the causative auxiliary verb is derived, and the part of speech is changed. It has the new category semantics of the auxiliary verb part of speech and the loss of the original verb category semantics. Therefore, the semantic analysis of the polysemous verb "Xu" is also the research content of this paper, with the exception of the semantic study of the polysemous verb "Xu", which is delisted and the semantic analysis of the causative auxiliary verb "Xu" after the phonological transformation. Based on the previous studies, this paper will prove the homology between the auxiliary verb and the polysemous verb, and summarize and analyze the semantics from the perspectives of "causation" and "respect".
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H36
[Abstract]:The language used by human beings carries specific semantics, which vary and evolve with the change of history, geographical environment and cultural atmosphere. In the semantic view of cognitive linguistics, it is generally believed that semantics cannot be independent of human beings. Meaning is not a word itself, it is based on human perception of the external objective world, cognition, the formation of experience, semantics will not be separated from the mental process and the experience gained from the practice of the existence of an independent existence. This paper makes a semantic analysis of the polysemous verb "Xu" in Japanese from the perspective of cognitive psychology by using the related theories of cognitive linguistics, and studies the polysemy of the polysemous verb "Xu" and the cognitive relationship between the various semantic items. In this study, "insert" is regarded as the initial semantics of the polysemous verb "Yu", but it is gradually refined in the process of use and depends on "prick", "difference", "reference", "c?" These Chinese characters are used to distinguish the specific semantics after being refined. The basic meanings of the above Chinese characters are as follows: "insertion of sharp slender objects in front end under artificial force", "differential / natural entry", "indication of direction before insertion", "c?" / insert gap or container "," injection point / liquid addition, add ". The above five meanings have been refined and extended again to derive the homophonic characters "sting", "shooting", "stopping", "repressing" and "repressing" respectively. Although the basic meaning of the verb "Xu" has its own emphasis and difference, it implies the concrete original action of "insert". This shows that the meanings contained in homophonic verbs are derived from the polysemous verb "Xu", and the semantics contain the vague meaning of "insert". In the process of studying the semantics of polysemous verb, it is found that the boundary of semantic category is not clear, fuzzy, and open to the outside. These characteristics make the semantic extension of the polysemous verb "Xu" decategorize, that is, on the basis of the part of speech of the original verb, the usage of the causative auxiliary verb is derived, and the part of speech is changed. It has the new category semantics of the auxiliary verb part of speech and the loss of the original verb category semantics. Therefore, the semantic analysis of the polysemous verb "Xu" is also the research content of this paper, with the exception of the semantic study of the polysemous verb "Xu", which is delisted and the semantic analysis of the causative auxiliary verb "Xu" after the phonological transformation. Based on the previous studies, this paper will prove the homology between the auxiliary verb and the polysemous verb, and summarize and analyze the semantics from the perspectives of "causation" and "respect".
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H36
【相似文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 吕东升;谈谈日语中的“，
本文编号：2433555
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/waiyulunwen/lxszy/2433555.html
