基于ARM和FPGA的LED全彩显示技术研究

发布时间：2018-10-18 10:51

【摘要】：LED显示屏已经不仅仅只是在公共场合作为公共信息的发布平台，随视频广告的需求不断加大，LED显示屏更多的是在街头巷尾作为商用广告的发布者出现。因此，市场上对于灵活多变的小型LED显示系统的需求就十分强烈。对于小型便携式LED显示控制系统的开发，其意义以及价值正是本文的出发点。本文研究的是具有256级灰度的LED全彩显示控制系统。传统同步系统需要上位机提供视屏源，应用环境十分局限，无法实现便携。异步系统受硬件资源限制，显示效果较差，本文结合LED同异步显示系统的主要功能及技术指标，采用ARM+FPGA的硬件构架。利用ARM处理器可移植操作系统、自带LCD控制器、可实现图形界面系统的特点，将ARM系统作为视频源，操作系统可以有效地管理系统资源的分配并以多任务方式实现整个应用程序的设计。其系统运行可靠性和速度都比较高。FPGA用于显示数据重构、灰度扫描控制，实现了灰度级控制的改进以及显示效果的增强，可以满足显示频率高、数据量大等场合的要求。本文的核心是ARM系统的软硬件设计以及FPGA的逻辑模块设计。重点实现基于FPGA技术的控制模块：根据色度学基础原理，从硬件角度分析LED显示屏的驱动以及控制原理，基于PWM控制的八场显示法以及1/16动态扫描法实现FPGA各个功能模块：包括ARM接口缓冲模块、SRAM写地址发生模块、读/写SRAM控制器模块、读SRAM地址发生模块、灰度扫描控制模块等。FPGA所有模块通过仿真对各个模块的正确性进行验证。其次实现ARM系统的硬件平台：包括ARM系统的外围电路、与存储器的接口电路和ARM与FPGA的接口电路；最后实现ARM软件系统，包括Linux操作系统的移植、引导加载程序的实现、S3C2410芯片内部的LCD控制器的驱动程序以及用户图形界面Qtopia的实现。整个显示控制系统图像层次感更好，数据处理速度更快，显示更稳定，同时具有良好的便携性。
[Abstract]:The LED display screen is not only used as the public information publishing platform in public place, but also appears in the street as the commercial advertisement publisher with the increasing demand for video advertisement. Therefore, the market for flexible small LED display system demand is very strong. For the development of small portable LED display control system, its significance and value is the starting point of this paper. This paper studies the LED full color display control system with 256 grayscale. The traditional synchronization system needs the host computer to provide the video source, the application environment is very limited, and it can not be portable. The asynchronous system is limited by hardware resources, and the display effect is poor. This paper combines the main functions and technical specifications of LED with asynchronous display system, and adopts the hardware framework of ARM FPGA. With the portable operating system of ARM processor and LCD controller, the characteristic of graphical interface system can be realized. The ARM system is used as video source. The operating system can effectively manage the allocation of system resources and implement the design of the whole application program in a multitasking manner. The reliability and speed of the system are high. FPGA is used to reconstruct the display data and control the gray-scale scan. The improvement of the gray-scale control and the enhancement of the display effect can meet the requirements of high display frequency and large amount of data. The core of this paper is the hardware and software design of ARM system and the logic module design of FPGA. The control module based on FPGA technology is mainly realized. According to the basic principle of chromaticity, the driving and control principle of LED display screen is analyzed from the hardware angle. Eight fields display method based on PWM control and 1 / 16 dynamic scanning method are used to realize each function module of FPGA: including ARM interface buffer module, SRAM write address generation module, read / write SRAM controller module, read SRAM address generation module. All modules of FPGA verify the correctness of each module by simulation. Secondly, the hardware platform of ARM system is realized: the peripheral circuit of ARM system, the interface circuit with memory and the interface circuit between ARM and FPGA. Finally, the transplantation of ARM software system, including Linux operating system, is realized. The implementation of boot loader, the driver of LCD controller in S3C2410 chip and the realization of user graphical interface (Qtopia). The image level of the whole display control system is better, the data processing speed is faster, the display is more stable, and the system has good portability.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TN873

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