中文相亲节目中拒绝言语行为的性别差异研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 15:09

【摘要】：拒绝言语行为在日常生活中十分常见,但同时它又具有威胁面子的本质。人们往往运用不同的拒绝策略来缓和拒绝所造成的尴尬和紧张的气氛。在社会生活中,能够恰如其分的拒绝他人在维持良好的人际关系上有着重要作用。也正因如此,越来越多的专家学者开始注重对拒绝言语行为的研究。然而,很多相关研究都仅仅局限于英语的拒绝策略的研究,对汉语拒绝言语行为的性别差异研究相对较少。并且目前的许多研究主要都是通过“语篇补全测试”(DCT)来收集研究的相关数据,但是该测试本身有一定的局限性。因此,笔者认为有必要采取不同的数据收集方式针对汉语拒绝言语行为的性别差异这一方面进行深入研究。本文采取定性与定量分析结合的方式,基于言语行为理论、礼貌原则、以及合作原则对相亲节目中男女嘉宾拒绝言语的性别差异展开研究。文中分别从拒绝言语行为的直接和间接拒绝言语行为这两大类对两种拒绝言语行为的性别差异展开讨论。通过数据分析文中得出如下结论：第一,女性喜欢用更多的言语和更多的拒绝策略来详述自己拒绝的意图以及原因,而男性的拒绝一般较为简短。但这种差异并不是绝对的也有特例出现。第二,女性偏好使用更加委婉和间接的方式来表达拒绝,而男性则较为直接和具有攻击性。第三,男女最常使用的五个拒绝策略中有共同之处也有差异存在。共同点在于男女双方都最喜欢把说出拒绝的原因作为最理想的拒绝他人的方式,但是其他的拒绝策略在类型和出现频率上都不尽相同。第四,有时尽管两者选用相同的拒绝策略,但是该策略在拒绝言语行为中的作用却不太一样,且男女双方对同一个拒绝策略的不同类型也有不同的偏好。由分析结论看出,女性的拒绝言语行为在内容和形式上更为丰富,一般集合了几种不同的拒绝策略。总的来说，，女性的拒绝言语行为更为礼貌,突出了其为对方着想的拒绝模式。当然,在文末笔者基于性别差异理论对汉语拒绝言语行为中的性别差异现象可能的成因做了分析。这种性别差异的形成主要是受到了社会以及文化等因素的影响。本文的研究意义在于采取了新的数据收集方法并且对不同性别导致的拒绝策略选择上的差异做了更加细致的划分。
[Abstract]:Refusal speech acts are very common in everyday life, but at the same time it has the nature of threatening face. People often use different refusal strategies to ease the embarrassment and tension caused by refusal. In social life, it is appropriate to refuse other people to have an important role in maintaining good interpersonal relationships. In this case, more and more experts and scholars have begun to focus on the study of refusal speech behavior. However, many related studies are limited to the study of English refusal strategies. The study of gender differences in Chinese refusal speech acts is relatively small. And many of the current studies are mainly through the "DCT" to collect research. The relevant data, but the test itself has some limitations. Therefore, I think it is necessary to take a different way of data collection to study the gender differences in Chinese refusal speech act.
This paper, based on the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, is based on the theory of speech act, the principle of politeness, and the principle of cooperation to study the gender differences of the refusal of the speech by the men and women in the related programs. The two categories of the direct and indirect refusal of speech act of refusing speech act on the gender differences in the two kinds of refusal speech acts respectively. Discuss it.
The following conclusions are drawn from the data analysis: first, women prefer to use more words and more refusal strategies to detail the intentions and reasons of their refusal, while male refuses are generally short. But this difference is not absolute and special. Second, women's preference is used in a more euphemistic and indirect way. While men are more direct and aggressive. Third, there are similarities and differences in the five most common denial strategies used by men and women. The common point is that both men and women prefer the best way to reject others by saying the reason for rejection, but his refusal strategies are not in type and frequency. Fourth, sometimes, although the two choose the same refusal strategy, the role of the strategy in the refusal of speech acts is not the same, and both men and women have different preferences for the different types of the same refusal strategy. There are several different refusal strategies. In general, women's refusal speech acts are more polite and highlight the refusal patterns that they think for each other. Of course, the author analyses the possible causes of gender differences in Chinese refusal speech behavior based on the theory of gender differences. The influence of social and cultural factors.
The significance of this study is to adopt a new data collection method and to make a more detailed division of the gender differences in the choice of refusal strategies.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H13

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