山西省南部蚊虫及虫媒病毒调查

发布时间：2018-03-30 10:44

本文选题：成人乙脑　切入点：流行病　出处：《山西医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:中国成年人乙脑病例,特别在山西省等中国北方地区,呈现聚集性高发趋势,成人乙脑已经成为当地重要公共卫生问题。本研究在中国成人乙脑高发的山西省南部开展调查,以了解当地蚊虫及乙脑病毒与成人乙脑发病之间的关系。方法:2015年8月在山西省临猗、永济和万荣县的农户和猪场采集蚊虫标本,蚊虫经形态学分类鉴定,蚊虫标本用液氮保存运输到实验室备用。将采集到的蚊虫标本按照种类和采集地等在实验室分批研磨离心处理。首先使用RT-PCR方法检测蚊虫研磨上清液中蚊传虫媒病毒基因。将怀疑为病毒的蚊虫标本接种BHK-21细胞,观察是否出现CPE。然后对检测到的病毒进行遗传进化分析。并计算不同采集点的最低现场感染率。结果:1、此次采集到的7943只蚊虫分属于4属6种,其中淡色库蚊为蚊虫总数的24.75%(1966/7943),三带喙库蚊为73.08%(5805/7943),而中华按蚊,刺扰伊蚊,背点伊蚊和骚扰阿蚊总共约为3%(104/7943)。2、多种蚊传虫媒病毒基因检测(RT-PCR)结果显示,16批次蚊虫研磨上清液中检测到乙脑病毒基因阳性,病毒的遗传进化树表明所有乙脑病毒均属于基因Ⅰ型;SXY1503和SXYC1551标本检测到盖塔病毒基因阳性。其中SXYC1503号蚊虫标本为乙脑病毒和盖塔病毒同时阳性。3、从SXYC1523标本中分离到一株乙脑病毒。4、此次调查的乙脑病毒的最低现场感染率的结果为:在有散养猪农户的庭院中采集的蚊虫标本乙脑病毒的最低现场感染率为7.39/1000;在猪场采集的蚊虫标本乙脑病毒最低现场感染率为2.68/1000;5户没有散养猪农户庭院中蚊虫乙脑病毒的最低现场感染率为零。结论:研究结果提示,三带喙库蚊仍为当地优势蚊种,当地流行的乙脑病毒为基因Ⅰ型并且毒力并未弱。因此本次调查的成人乙脑高发地依然为乙脑病毒自然疫源地,在当地实施儿童乙脑疫苗注射(EPI)的同时杜绝农户庭院散养猪的生活习惯是预防当地发生成人乙脑病例的重要措施之一。
[Abstract]:Objective: the incidence of encephalitis B in adults in China, especially in northern China such as Shanxi Province, is high. Adult encephalitis B has become an important local public health problem. Methods: mosquito specimens were collected from farmers and pig farms in Linyi County, Shanxi Province in August 2015 and identified by morphological classification. Mosquito specimens were stored in liquid nitrogen and transported to the laboratory for standby. The collected mosquito specimens were ground and centrifuged in the laboratory according to the species and the place of collection. First, RT-PCR method was used to detect mosquito vectors in the mosquito grinding supernatant. Virus genes. Inoculate suspected mosquito specimens with BHK-21 cells, We observed whether CPE was present. Then we analyzed the genetic evolution of the detected viruses. We calculated the lowest field infection rate at different collection points. Results: 1, 7943 mosquitoes collected this time belong to 6 species belonging to 4 genera. Among them, Culex pipiens pallens is 24.75% of the total number of mosquitoes. In 1966 / 7943, Culex tritaeniorhynchus is 73.08% 5805 / 7943%, while Anopheles sinensis, Aedes prickles. The total number of Aedes dorsalis and Anopheles harms is about 3 / 104 / 7943 / 2.The results of gene detection of various mosquito vector viruses (RT-PCRs) show that the Japanese encephalitis virus gene was positive in the supernatant of 16 batches of mosquitoes. The genetic and evolutionary tree of the virus indicates that all the Japanese encephalitis viruses belong to the gene type I SXY1503 and SXYC1551 samples are positive for Gaeta virus gene. Among them, the SXYC1503 mosquito sample is both positive for Japanese encephalitis virus and Gaeta virus. It is isolated from SXYC1523 specimen. To a Japanese encephalitis virus strain. 4, the lowest field infection rate of the Japanese encephalitis virus investigated was 7.39 / 1000 for mosquito specimens collected in the yard of farmers with scattered pigs, and 7.39 / 1000 for mosquitoes collected in pig farms. The lowest field infection rate of Japanese encephalitis B virus was 2.68 / 1000 / 5 in the yard of farmers without scattered pigs, and the lowest field infection rate of Japanese encephalitis B virus was zero. Conclusion: the results of the study suggest that the infection rate of Japanese encephalitis B virus is zero. Culex tritaeniorhynchus is still the dominant mosquito species in the region. The endemic Japanese encephalitis virus (je) is a gene type I and the virulence is not weak. Therefore, the adult Japanese encephalitis in this investigation is still the natural focus of encephalitis B virus. It is one of the important measures to prevent adult encephalitis B (je) cases from occurring in local areas while eliminating the living habits of farmers' yard scattered pigs.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R512.32

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