利用DALY指标分析荆州市艾滋病的疾病负担
发布时间：2018-10-12 07:34
【摘要】：[研究背景] 疾病负担是由于疾病导致的发病、伤残、过早死亡等对社会健康及经济状况的压力,通过综合、动态的疾病负担的监测可以获得某个国家和地区的相关疾病的疾病负担,从而为政府制定相关疾病的防治政策提供数据支持[1]。从上世纪八十年代开始,我国对于疾病负担的研究逐渐增多,研究的对象从艾滋病、结核、流感等传染性疾病到糖尿病、心脏病、脑卒中、恶性肿瘤等慢性非传染性疾病[2],而对于艾滋病的疾病负担的研究,国内主要是利用世界卫生组织提供的参数进行研究,很少有利用本地区的参数来进行艾滋病疾病负担研究的报道。 自1981年美国发现首例艾滋病病例以来,截止到2010年全球有3000多万艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人,造成的疾病负担居全球疾病负担的前10位[3]。运用DALY指标来分析艾滋病引起的疾病负担比单纯运用发病率、死亡率、致残率等指标更加能够反映出艾滋病带来的后果及对社会负担的影响,从而为政府及卫生行政部门研究和制定针对艾滋病的防治策略提供直接依据。 [研究目的和意义] 1.了解荆州城区HIV感染者/AIDS患者的人口学特征、疫情特点、生存质量等； 2.应用DALY指标分析荆州城区艾滋病的疾病负担,为今后荆州市开展常规性疾病负担分析打下技术基础； 3.结合HIV感染者/AIDS患者流行特点,通过疾病负担的分析,为政府和卫生行政部门决策提供更直观具体的数据支持。 [研究内容和方法] 本研究从研究内容上包括两部分,一部分是关于本地区HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量分析,主要是利用世界卫生组织(WHO)生存质量量表简表。二是基于第一部分生存质量研究得出本地区的HIV感染者/AIDS患者伤残权重(D),通过收集相关人口、疫情资料,利用DALY公式得出本地区的艾滋病疾病负担。 [研究结果] 1.截止2012年,荆州城区累计报告HIV感染者/AIDS患者203例,死亡41例。报告病例年龄集中分布在15-29岁和30-44岁这两个年龄段,累计占报告总病例数的77.5%,总体报告病例男性：女性为3.44：1。报告的203例HIV感染者/AIDS患者中,经同性传播75例(36.9%),异性传播86例(42.4%),经静脉注射毒品传播28例(13.8%)。 2.HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量分析结果显示：单因素分析显示,被调查对象的生存质量得分在年龄、感染途径等方面有统计学差异。多元线性回归分析表明,年龄、婚姻状况与生存质量评分有显著影响。年龄是生存质量的阻碍因素、而年龄越小、已婚与生存质量呈正相关。 3.本研究结果显示当地艾滋病伤残权重参数为0.478,2012年每十万人损失的DALYs为17.61人年,YLLs/YLDs为1.69：1。 [研究结论] 1.本地区报告病例数近两年来增长明显,病例死亡数相对稳定,无明显变化趋势,新报告病例年龄集中在中青年年龄段(15-44岁),但60岁以上老年人报告病例数逐渐增多,同时男性病例报告数明显高于女性,报告病例感染途径以性传播为主,其中同性性传播增长明显； 2.本地区HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量不容乐观,影响因素主要有年龄、婚姻状况和感染途径等； 3.男性疾病负担明显高于女性,且中青年人的疾病负担最重； 4.通过加大宣传和检测减少AIDS的传播和发病,通过抗反转录病毒药物的使用延长HIV感染者/AIDS患者寿命,以及通过四免一关怀及其他救助措施改善HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量,均可以减轻本地区艾滋病的疾病负担。
[Abstract]:[Background] The burden of disease is the pressure on social health and economic conditions caused by disease, disability, premature death and so on. Through comprehensive and dynamic monitoring of disease burden, the disease of a certain country and region can be obtained. To provide data support for the Government to formulate policies for the prevention and control of relevant diseases[1. From the beginning of the 1980s, our country's research on the burden of disease has gradually increased, and the subjects studied from AIDS, tuberculosis, influenza and other infectious diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, malignant tumor, etc.[2] For the research on the burden of AIDS, the research on the AIDS burden is mainly carried out by using the parameters provided by the World Health Organization, and few of the parameters of the region are used to carry out the research on the AIDS burden. It is reported that since the first AIDS case in the United States in 1981, more than 30 million people living with HIV and AIDS in the world have been infected by AIDS in 2010, resulting in the burden of disease on the top 1 of the global burden of disease 0-bit[3]. Using the DALY index to analyze the disease burden caused by AIDS is more able to reflect the consequences of AIDS and to society than simply by using the indexes such as morbidity, mortality, disability rate and so on. The impact of the burden to research and develop HIV/ AIDS prevention strategies for the Government and the health administration For direct basis.[Study Purpose and Significance] 1. Demographic Characteristics of HIV-infected/ AIDS Patients in Jingzhou District 2. Use the DALY index to analyze the disease burden of AIDS in Jingzhou city, and carry out normal development in Jingzhou in the future. Based on the analysis of the epidemic characteristics of HIV-infected/ AIDS patients and through the analysis of the burden of the disease, it is the government and the health line. Policy decisions will be more direct View specific data support.[Research Contents and Methods] This study includes two parts from the study, part of which is the analysis of the survival quality of HIV/ AIDS patients in the region, if that disability weight (D) of the HIV-infected/ AIDS patient in the region is based on the first part of the survival quality study, the HIV/ AIDS patient's disability weight (D) is derived from the first part of the survival quality study, Material, using DA The LY formula gives rise to the AIDS burden in the region.[Results] 1. By 2012, Jingzhou 203 cases of HIV/ AIDS patients with HIV/ AIDS were reported in urban areas, and 41 cases died. The reported cases were in the age of 15-29 and 30-44 years. Of the 203 HIV/ AIDS patients reported, 75 (36. 9%) of the 203 HIV-infected/ AIDS patients reported the same-sex transmission, and the heterosexual transmission 8 6 cases (42. 4%), 28 cases (13. 8%) after intravenous drug transmission. The analysis of survival quality of HIV/ AIDS patients showed that the single factor analysis The results showed that the quality scores of the subjects under investigation were statistically different in age, infection route and so on. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, marital status and survival quality score had significant shadow. In response, age is an obstacle to the quality of life, and the smaller the age, the married life is positively related to the quality of life. 3. The results show that the local AIDS disability weight parameters are 0. 478, 2012 every 10 years. D. Loss of ten thousand people The number of cases reported by YLLs/ YLDs was 1. 69: 1. The number of cases reported in this region was obvious in recent two years, the number of deaths was relatively stable, there was no obvious change in the number of cases, and the new report The number of cases reported in the middle-aged and middle-aged age group (15-44 years), but the number of reported cases in the aged over 60 years increased gradually. The number of male case reports was significantly higher in males than in females, and the reported cases of infection were sexually transmitted, among which same-sex sexually transmitted growth was evident; 2. The quality of life of HIV/ AIDS patients in the region is not optimistic and the influencing factors mainly age, marital status and infection route; 3. The burden of male diseases is obviously higher than that of women, and the burden of diseases among young people is the heaviest; 4. Adoption Increasing publicity and testing to reduce the spread and incidence of AIDS, extending the life of HIV-infected/ AIDS patients through the use of anti-retroviral drugs, and
【学位授予单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R512.91
本文编号：2265306
[Abstract]:[Background] The burden of disease is the pressure on social health and economic conditions caused by disease, disability, premature death and so on. Through comprehensive and dynamic monitoring of disease burden, the disease of a certain country and region can be obtained. To provide data support for the Government to formulate policies for the prevention and control of relevant diseases[1. From the beginning of the 1980s, our country's research on the burden of disease has gradually increased, and the subjects studied from AIDS, tuberculosis, influenza and other infectious diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, malignant tumor, etc.[2] For the research on the burden of AIDS, the research on the AIDS burden is mainly carried out by using the parameters provided by the World Health Organization, and few of the parameters of the region are used to carry out the research on the AIDS burden. It is reported that since the first AIDS case in the United States in 1981, more than 30 million people living with HIV and AIDS in the world have been infected by AIDS in 2010, resulting in the burden of disease on the top 1 of the global burden of disease 0-bit[3]. Using the DALY index to analyze the disease burden caused by AIDS is more able to reflect the consequences of AIDS and to society than simply by using the indexes such as morbidity, mortality, disability rate and so on. The impact of the burden to research and develop HIV/ AIDS prevention strategies for the Government and the health administration For direct basis.[Study Purpose and Significance] 1. Demographic Characteristics of HIV-infected/ AIDS Patients in Jingzhou District 2. Use the DALY index to analyze the disease burden of AIDS in Jingzhou city, and carry out normal development in Jingzhou in the future. Based on the analysis of the epidemic characteristics of HIV-infected/ AIDS patients and through the analysis of the burden of the disease, it is the government and the health line. Policy decisions will be more direct View specific data support.[Research Contents and Methods] This study includes two parts from the study, part of which is the analysis of the survival quality of HIV/ AIDS patients in the region, if that disability weight (D) of the HIV-infected/ AIDS patient in the region is based on the first part of the survival quality study, the HIV/ AIDS patient's disability weight (D) is derived from the first part of the survival quality study, Material, using DA The LY formula gives rise to the AIDS burden in the region.[Results] 1. By 2012, Jingzhou 203 cases of HIV/ AIDS patients with HIV/ AIDS were reported in urban areas, and 41 cases died. The reported cases were in the age of 15-29 and 30-44 years. Of the 203 HIV/ AIDS patients reported, 75 (36. 9%) of the 203 HIV-infected/ AIDS patients reported the same-sex transmission, and the heterosexual transmission 8 6 cases (42. 4%), 28 cases (13. 8%) after intravenous drug transmission. The analysis of survival quality of HIV/ AIDS patients showed that the single factor analysis The results showed that the quality scores of the subjects under investigation were statistically different in age, infection route and so on. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, marital status and survival quality score had significant shadow. In response, age is an obstacle to the quality of life, and the smaller the age, the married life is positively related to the quality of life. 3. The results show that the local AIDS disability weight parameters are 0. 478, 2012 every 10 years. D. Loss of ten thousand people The number of cases reported by YLLs/ YLDs was 1. 69: 1. The number of cases reported in this region was obvious in recent two years, the number of deaths was relatively stable, there was no obvious change in the number of cases, and the new report The number of cases reported in the middle-aged and middle-aged age group (15-44 years), but the number of reported cases in the aged over 60 years increased gradually. The number of male case reports was significantly higher in males than in females, and the reported cases of infection were sexually transmitted, among which same-sex sexually transmitted growth was evident; 2. The quality of life of HIV/ AIDS patients in the region is not optimistic and the influencing factors mainly age, marital status and infection route; 3. The burden of male diseases is obviously higher than that of women, and the burden of diseases among young people is the heaviest; 4. Adoption Increasing publicity and testing to reduce the spread and incidence of AIDS, extending the life of HIV-infected/ AIDS patients through the use of anti-retroviral drugs, and
【学位授予单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R512.91
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