学校结核病聚集性疫情危险因素的病例对照研究

发布时间：2018-10-22 12:15

【摘要】：目的了解学校发生结核病聚集性疫情的危险因素,为学校结核病防控提供科学依据。方法采取病例对照研究方法,以绍兴市2011—2015年9所发生结核病聚集性疫情的学校作为病例组,37所发生单个病例但未发生聚集性疫情的学校作为对照组,分析造成聚集性疫情发生的影响因素。结果病例组首例病例发病至首次报告时间为(80.89±76.82)d,对照组为(28.29±24.32)d(t=3.58,P=0.01);病例组首例病例发病至报告疾病预防控制中心时间为(81.11±76.69)d,对照组为(27.81±24.28)d(t=3.64,P=0.01);病例组首例病例发病至开展调查时间为(82.00±76.88)d,对照组为(30.37±24.88)d(t=3.49,P=0.01)。两组学校在落实晨检制度、缺课登记制度、原因追查制度、学生复课制度、传染病应急预案、传染病报告制度等方面报告率差异均无统计学意义(P值均0.05)。病例组在入学体检、PPD筛查、校医、专职校医、校医传染病防治培训等方面与对照组之间差异均无统计学意义(P值均0.05)。两组学校在传染病防治健康教育各种宣传方式上差异均无统计学意义(P值均0.05)。结论诊断和报告延误是学校结核病聚集性疫情暴发的重要因素,应加强病人的早发现和早报告工作,防止疫情的扩散。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the risk factors of tuberculosis aggregation in schools and provide scientific basis for tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods A case-control study was carried out in 9 schools of Shaoxing City from 2011 to 2015, and 37 schools with a single case but no aggregated epidemic were used as the control group. The factors influencing the occurrence of agglomeration were analyzed. Results the time from the first case to the first report was (80.89 卤76.82) days in the case group and (28.29 卤24.32) d (/ t 3.58) d () in the control group, and the time from the first case to the center of disease prevention and control in the case group was (81.11 卤76.69) days, and that from the control group was (27.81 卤24.28) d (/ t 3.64P0.01) to (82.00 卤76.88) days, and that from the control group to (30.37 卤24.88) d (/ t 3.49-P0.01). There was no significant difference in the reporting rate between the two groups in carrying out the morning check system, absence registration system, cause tracing system, student resumption system, infectious disease emergency plan, infectious disease reporting system and so on (P all 0.05). There was no significant difference between the case group and the control group in the aspects of entrance examination, PPD screening, school doctor, full-time school doctor, training in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases between the school doctors and the control group (P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the publicity methods of infectious disease prevention and health education (P < 0.05). Conclusion the delay in diagnosis and reporting is an important factor in the outbreak of concentrated tuberculosis in schools. The early detection and early reporting of patients should be strengthened to prevent the spread of the epidemic.
【作者单位】：浙江省绍兴市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：绍兴市公益性技术应用研究计划项目(2013B70068)
【分类号】：R52

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