拉巴豆与几种禾草混合青贮效果的研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 18:58

本文关键词： 拉巴豆禾本科牧草混合青贮发酵品质营养成分　出处：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：拉巴豆[Lablab purpureus(Linn.)Sweet]原产于澳大利亚,是近年来新引进我国的豆科牧草,拉巴豆耐胁迫,具晚熟特性,蛋白质含量高,适口性好,但豆科植物具有较高缓冲能力和较低的可溶性碳水化合物含量,单贮时青贮饲料通常品质不高。禾本科牧草通常具有较高的可溶性碳水化合物和稍低的蛋白质含量,糖分是青贮发酵的底物,因此禾本科牧草容易青贮成功。拉巴豆与禾本科牧草混合青贮,能互相弥补不足,提高青贮饲料青贮品质。本文以拉巴豆为青贮材料,并以拉巴豆单贮为对照,分别与三种禾本科牧草按不同比例(3：7,5：5,7：3,0：10)混合青贮,并在30天、60天和90天后测定其发酵品质和营养成分筛选出适应的混合比例,并比较青贮时间对混贮料的影响：(1)拉巴豆与墨西哥玉米草(Zea diploperennis)混合青贮：各比例混贮料pH值、AN/TN含量均显著低于拉巴豆单贮(P0.05),感官评分等级和营养成分含量均显著高于拉巴豆单贮(P0.05),青贮90天后发酵系统仍不稳定。结果表明：各混合比例下的混贮料均能贮成品质优良青贮饲料,其中青贮30天时拉巴豆：墨西哥玉米草=5：5处理下青贮饲料品质最高。(2)拉巴豆与桂牧一号杂交象草(Pennisetum purpureumcv. Gumu-1)混合青贮：各比例混贮料感官与发酵品质均显著高于拉巴豆单贮(P0.05),营养成分低于拉巴豆单贮。青贮30天-60天时混贮料品质显著下降(P0.05),60天后混贮料无明显变化。各混合比例下的混贮料均能贮成优良的青贮饲料,其中青贮30天时拉巴豆：桂牧一号=3：7处理下青贮饲料品质最高。(3)拉巴豆与大力士饲用甜高粱(Sorghum bicolor H.)混合青贮：各比例混贮料感官与发酵品质均显著高于拉巴豆单贮(P0.05)。由于甜高粱青贮原料干物质含量与拉巴豆接近,且可溶性糖化合物含量相对最高,混贮料青贮品质与拉巴豆单贮差别不大。青贮时间对粗蛋白含量影响显著,其他成分在青贮60天后无明显规律。各混合比例下的混贮料均能贮成优良的青贮饲料,其中青贮30天时拉巴豆：甜高粱=3：7处理下青贮饲料品质最高。
[Abstract]:Lappa bean. [Lablab purpureus(Linn.)Sweet, native to Australia, is a legume herbage newly introduced into China in recent years. It has the characteristics of late maturity and tolerance to stress. Protein content is high, palatability is good, but legume plants have higher buffer capacity and lower soluble carbohydrate content. The gramineous forage usually has higher soluble carbohydrate and lower protein content, and sugar is the substrate of silage fermentation. Therefore, the gramineous forage is easy to silage successfully. The mixed silage of Lapa bean and gramineous forage can make up for each other and improve the quality of silage silage. In this paper, lappa bean is used as silage material and Laba bean mono-silage as control. The silage was mixed with three gramineous forages in different proportions (3: 7: 5: 5: 7: 3: 10) and in 30 days. After 60 days and 90 days, the fermentation quality and nutrient composition of the mixture were determined. The effects of silage time on the mixed silage were compared: (1) mixed silage of Lafa bean and Zea diploperennis: pH value of mixed silage. The content of AN/TN was significantly lower than that of Lapa monopodium P0.05, and the sensory grade and nutrient content were significantly higher than that of Lappa single storage P0.05). The fermentation system was still unstable after 90 days of silage. The results showed that all the mixed materials could be stored into good quality silage. After 30 days of silage, the quality of silage was the highest under the treatment of 5: 5: 5: 5 of Mexican corn grass. The hybrid elephant grass of Lafa bean and Guimu No. 1 (. Pennisetum purpureum cv.Gumu-1 mixed silage: the sensory and fermentation quality of each proportion of mixed silage was significantly higher than that of Lappa bean single silage P0.05). The nutrient composition was lower than that of lappa bean single silage. The quality of the mixed material decreased significantly after 30 days to 60 days of silage (P 0.05). After 60 days, there was no obvious change in the mixed material, and all the mixed materials could be stored into fine silage. After 30 days of silage, the quality of the silage was the highest under the treatment of Guimu No. 1 and 3: 7) the quality of the silage was the highest under the treatment of Alba bean and sweet sorghum bicolor H. Mixed silage: the sensory and fermentation quality of each proportion of mixed silage was significantly higher than that of lappa bean single storage P0.050.The dry matter content of sweet sorghum silage was close to that of lappa bean. The content of soluble sugar compound was the highest, and the quality of silage was not different from that of lappa bean. The effect of silage time on crude protein content was significant. The other ingredients had no obvious regularity after 60 days of silage. All the mixed materials could be stored into fine silage, in which the quality of silage was the highest under 30 days of silage: sweet sorghum 3: 7.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S816.53

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