新疆昭苏马消化道寄生虫动态调查及临床驱虫实验

发布时间：2018-02-09 22:59

本文关键词： 昭苏县马消化道寄生虫季节动态临床驱虫　出处：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：马产业是新疆畜牧业发展的重要产业之一,因长期以来马的粗放管理,使马患有不同程度的内外寄生虫病,造成马匹生产成本增加,畜产品数量、质量下降。本研究对新疆昭苏马寄生虫感染情况进行了抽样调查,并进行临床驱虫试验。(1)2014年1月至12月,通过粪便检查和显微结构观察对昭苏县军马场、喀拉苏马繁育中心以及二马队共100匹马(三个地点依次为50匹、30匹、20匹)进行连续一年的季节性动态观察。1200份粪检结果显示,马匹一年四季均有消化道寄生虫的感染,春秋季马消化道线虫感染率较高,且马圆线虫和毛线虫均位居前列,经分析表明P0.05,季节性感染差异不显著。每月选取40份具感染性粪样进行检测,480份样品显示每克马粪便感染的虫卵数为432~623个,平均感染强度为522个/g。采集军马场、喀拉苏马繁育中心以及二马队3~8岁舍饲马粪样共425份,结果显示三个试验点马消化道寄生虫总感染率依次为82.63%、92.70%和96.25%,经分析表明P0.01,三者差异非常显著。采集军马场2岁以下舍饲马与放牧马粪便共282份,其中舍饲马和放牧马的感染率分别90.91%和97.33%,分析表明0.01P0.05,二者差异显著;采集军马场舍饲马不同年龄段样品共433份,结果显示0~2岁、2~8岁以及8岁以上马消化道寄生虫感染率分别为99.44%,89.55%和90.08%,分析表明P0.01,不同年龄段马感染消化道寄生虫差异非常显著。该试验为昭苏县马计划性驱虫提供了一定的科学依据。(2)本次调查应用内外净分别对昭苏县军马场、种马场及各大乡镇共688匹马进行驱虫,并采用饱和食盐水漂浮法和EPG计数法对驱虫前后粪便进行检测,1376份样品显示驱虫前后总感染率分别为93.31%、6.1%,虫卵减少率为88.48%,虫卵转阴率为87.21%;与此同时,对驱虫马共排出的7305只消化道寄生虫进行鉴定,结果检出包括马副蛔虫、马尖尾线虫、马圆形线虫、三齿线虫、盅口线虫以及马胃蝇蛆在内等23种寄生虫。另外,应用血虫清治疗,结合血液涂片、PCR和cELISA的方法对昭苏县军马场、喀拉苏马繁育中心以及二马队共86匹马血液进行了梨形虫驱虫试验;结果显示应用三种方法驱虫前马驽巴贝斯虫的检出率分别为55.81%、52.33%、51.16%,马泰勒虫的检出率分别为65.11%、61.62%、60.24%;驱虫后马驽巴贝斯虫的检出率分别为27.91%、23.26%、45.34%,马泰勒虫的检出率分别为29.07%、24.4%、46.51%,可见当地马梨形虫感染严重,且血虫清对该虫有一定治疗作用。共采集马外寄生虫共763只,经形态鉴定为银盾革蜱、草原革蜱、森林革蜱、边缘革蜱和盾糙璃眼蜱。研究结果为当地建立马驱虫程序和综合防治奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Horse industry is one of the important industries in the development of animal husbandry in Xinjiang. Because of extensive horse management for a long time, horses suffer from different degrees of internal and external parasitic diseases, resulting in increased cost of horse production and the quantity of animal products. In this study, the parasite infection of Zhaosu horse in Xinjiang was investigated by sampling, and the clinical test of insect repellent was carried out from January 2014 to December. From January 2014 to December, the army horse farm in Zhaosu County was observed by fecal examination and microstructure observation. A total of 100 horses from the Karasuma breeding Center and the second Horse team (50, 30, 20 in three locations) were observed for a continuous year of seasonal dynamic observation. 1200 feces showed that the horses were infected with digestive tract parasites throughout the year. The infection rate of nematode in digestive tract was higher in spring and autumn, and both of them were in the forefront. The results of analysis showed that there was no significant difference in seasonal infection between P0.05 and seasonal infection. A total of 480 fecal samples were collected from 40 infected feces each month. The number of eggs per gram of fecal infection was 432% 623, and the average infection intensity was 522 / g. A total of 425 horse dung samples were collected from the Karasuma breeding Center and the second Horse team at the age of 8. The results showed that the total infection rate of digestive tract parasites in the three test sites was 82.63% and 96.25%, respectively. The infection rates were 90.91% and 97.33, respectively, among which, the infection rates of house feeding horses and grazing horses were 90.91% and 97.33, respectively, and the analysis showed that there was a significant difference between them. The results showed that the infection rate of digestive tract parasites was 99.44%, 89.55% and 90.08%, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the infection of digestive tract parasites among different age groups. The experiment was a planed insect repellent test for horses in Zhaosu County. For a certain scientific basis. (2) the investigation and application of the internal and external net of Zhaosu County military racetrack, A total of 688 horses were planted on horse farms and in various villages and towns for insect repellent activities. The total infection rate of feces before and after deworming was 93.31 ~ 6.1%, the egg reduction rate was 88.48% and the negative rate was 87.21%, respectively, by using saturated salt water floating method and EPG counting method to detect the feces before and after insect repellent, and at the same time, the total infection rate was 93.31%, and the egg negative rate was 87.21%, respectively. A total of 7305 digestive tract parasites were identified from the deworming horses. The results showed that 23 species of parasites were found, including Ascaris equina, Cercospora equina, Circulus equina, nematode tridentate, nematode curlica, and fyworm of the stomach of the horse, among which 23 species of parasites were found. Blood samples of 86 horses in Zhaosu County, Karasuma breeding Center and the second Horse team were tested for pear worm repellent by Xue Chong Qing, combined with blood smear polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cELISA. The results showed that the detectable rates of the three methods were 55.811and 52.33, respectively. The detectable rates of Taylor's worms were 65.1111 and 61.62 and 60.24.The positive rates of Babes after repellent were 27.91and 24.46.51respectively, and the detectable rate of Taylor's worm was 29.077.07 and 24.46.51respectively, so it can be seen that the detection rate of T. caballi is 24.46.51.The results show that the detection rate of Babes after deworming is 27.91232645.344.The detection rate of Taylor's worm is 29.07724.44.51respectively. The infection of the local piriform worm is serious. A total of 763 parasites were collected and identified by morphological analysis as Aegilops, grassland ticks and forest ticks. The results laid a foundation for the establishment of local program and integrated control.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.21

【相似文献】