日粮添加丁酸钠和甜菜碱对后备母猪繁殖性能与初乳成分的影响

发布时间：2018-02-10 00:18

本文关键词： 后备母猪丁酸钠甜菜碱繁殖性能初乳仔猪生化指标　出处：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改善母猪的繁殖性能一直是畜牧科学研究的热点。后备母猪的生产性能是决定母猪终生繁殖性能的重要因素。我们不仅可以通过优化营养方案和提高管理水平来提高母猪的繁殖性能,还可通过使用饲料添加剂来提高母猪繁殖性能。丁酸钠和甜菜碱是常用的饲料添加剂,但它们对母猪繁殖性能的影响仍需要进一步实验验证。因此我们以后备母猪为研究对象,探讨丁酸纳和甜菜碱作为饲料添加剂对后备母猪的繁殖性能、初乳成分以及仔猪早期生长的影响,为丁酸钠和甜菜碱作为饲料添加剂在后备母猪上的应用提供实验依据。本试验将60头后备母猪随机分3组,对照组(Control,CON),丁酸钠组(Sodium Butyrate,SB)和甜菜碱组(Betaine,Bet)各20头。丁酸钠组和甜菜碱组分别在基础日粮的上添加0.05%的丁酸钠和0.3%的甜菜碱,饲喂后备母猪时间从配种前30天至仔猪7日龄,共约160天。统计后备母猪的发情率、返情率、一次成功配种率、分娩率、后备母猪利用率,检测初始背膘、怀孕108天的背膘厚度以及分娩后背膘厚度,采集母猪产后初乳,称量新生仔猪的体重,测量新生仔猪的体尺以及7日龄体重;所有仔猪由其母猪哺乳,并对母猪产后初乳中乳蛋白、乳糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、免疫球蛋白 A(Immunoglobulin A,IgA)、免疫球蛋白 G(Immunoglobulin G,IgG)、细菌脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide,LPS),乳清中三碘甲腺原氨酸(Triiodothyronine,T3)、甲状腺素(Tetraiothyronine,T4)、催乳素、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha,TNF-α)、瘦素和皮质醇浓度进行测定。1日粮添加丁酸纳对后备母猪繁殖性能及初乳成分的影响与对照组相比,丁酸钠对后备母猪的发情率、一次成功配种率、返情率、分娩率和后备母猪利用率没有显著影响;丁酸钠对后备母猪的总产程及妊娠期均没有显著影响,.丁酸钠对后备母猪初始背膘、怀孕108天背膘厚度及产后背膘厚度没有显著影响;丁酸钠对后备母猪的产仔窝重、总产仔数、产活仔数和弱仔数没有显著影响;丁酸钠组初生仔猪体高和胸围显著高于对照组(P0.01;P0.05),然而,两组间初生仔猪的初生重和体长没有显著差异;丁酸钠组仔猪7天重呈现高于对照组的趋势(P=0.051),仔猪日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05)。可见,丁酸钠对后备母猪发情率、配种率和分娩率等没有显著影响,而母体添加丁酸钠对仔猪早期生长有一定的促进作用。丁酸纳组后备母猪初乳中的泌乳素水平显著低于对照组(P0.05),乳蛋白、乳糖、总胆固醇的浓度均无显著变化;丁酸钠使后备母猪初乳中的瘦素及甘油三酯水平显著低于对照组(P0.01;P0.05),对后备母猪乳清中的T3、T4和皮质醇的浓度没有显著影响;丁酸钠使后备母猪初乳中的TNF-a显著低于对照组(P0.05),丁酸钠使后备母猪初乳中的IgA水平显著高于对照组(P0.05),对后备母猪初乳中IgG和LPS浓度没有显著影响。以上结果提示,日粮添加丁酸纳可能会影响后备母猪的脂肪代谢和免疫功能。2 日粮添加甜菜碱对后备母猪繁殖性能及初乳成分的影响与对照组相比,甜菜碱对后备母猪的发情率、一次配种成功率、返情率、分娩率、后备母猪利用率均无显著变化;甜菜碱对后备母猪的妊娠期和总产程均无显著影响;日粮添加甜菜碱可显著提高后备母猪怀孕108天背膘厚度(P0.01),对后备母猪产后背膘厚度没有显著影响;甜菜碱可以显著降低后备母猪的产弱仔数(P0.05),对后备母猪的产仔窝重、总产仔数和产活仔数没有显著影响;母体添加甜菜碱可极显著提高初生仔猪的初生重、体高和胸围(P0.01),对初生仔猪体长没有显著影响;甜菜碱组哺乳仔猪7天重和日增重都极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。可见,甜菜碱对后备母猪发情率、配种率和分娩率没有显著影响,母体添加甜菜碱可以促进胎儿和仔猪的早期生长发育。甜菜碱对后备母猪初乳中乳蛋白、乳糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇的浓度没有显著影响;对后备母猪乳清中的T3、T4、泌乳素、瘦素和皮质醇浓度没有显著影响;甜菜碱可以显著降低乳清中的TNF-a的浓度(P0.05),对后备母猪初乳中IgA、IgG和LPS的浓度没有显著影响。以上结果提示,日粮添加甜菜碱可能对后备母猪的内分泌和代谢没有显著影响,可能对后备母猪的免疫功能有一定的影响。
[Abstract]:To improve the reproductive performance of the animal husbandry has been a hot topic in scientific research. The production performance of gilts is an important factor in determining the lifetime reproductive performance. We can not only improve the reproductive performance of sows by optimizing nutrient solution and improve the management level, but also to improve the reproductive performance of sows by using feed additive of sodium butyrate and betaine is feed. Commonly used additives, but their effect on reproductive performance of sows still need further experimental verification. So we prepare for the future of sows as the research object, to explore the butyric acid as feed additive agent and sodium betaine on reproductive performance of gilts, colostrum composition and early growth of piglets the effects of sodium butyrate and betaine as feed additives used in gilts on the experimental basis. This test will be 60 gilts were randomly divided into 3 groups, the control group (Control, CON), succinic acid sodium Group (Sodium Butyrate, SB) and betaine group (Betaine, Bet) of the 20 head. Betaine sodium butyrate group and betaine group respectively in the basic diet added with 0.05% sodium butyrate and 0.3% fed gilts from the breeding time, 30 days before the 7 day old piglets, a total of about 160 days. After the preparation of statistics sow oestrus rate, return rate, a successful breeding rate, birth rate, the utilization rate of gilts, detection of initial backfat, pregnant 108 days of backfat thickness and back fat thickness of childbirth, postpartum sows colostrum, newborn piglets weighing weight, body measurements of newborn piglets at 7 days of age and weight; all piglets from the sow lactation, and the postpartum sow colostrum milk protein, lactose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, immunoglobulin A (Immunoglobulin A IgA), immunoglobulin G (Immunoglobulin G IgG), lipopolysaccharide (Lipopolysaccharide, LPS), whey three triiodothyronine ( Triiodothyronine, T3), thyroxine (Tetraiothyronine, T4), prolactin, tumor necrosis factor (Tumor Necrosis, Factor-alpha, TNF- alpha), leptin and cortisol concentrations were measured.1 diets on reproductive performance and the influence of sodium butyrate on the composition of colostrum gilts compared with control group, sodium butyrate on sow oestrus rate, a the breeding success rate, return rate, delivery rate and utilization rate of gilts had no significant effect on the total production of sodium butyrate; gilts process and pregnancy had no significant effect of sodium butyrate on gilts,. Initial backfat, 108 days of pregnancy and postpartum backfat backfat thickness had no significant effect on sodium butyrate; gilts litter litter weight, total number of piglets born alive litter and weak litter had no significant effect of sodium butyrate group; newborn piglets body height and chest circumference were significantly higher than the control group (P0.01; P0.05), however, between the two groups of piglets born Weight and body length have no significant difference; sodium butyrate group piglets 7 days weight showed a trend of higher than the control group (P=0.051), weight gain of piglets was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05). Therefore, sodium butyrate on sow oestrus rate, breeding rate and delivery rate had no significant effect, while parent acid sodium is Tim ghedin the role of early growth of piglets. Butyric acid Na group gilts colostrum prolactin level was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05), milk protein, lactose concentration, total cholesterol were not significantly changed; sodium butyrate make gilts in colostrum and three glycerol ester of leptin level was significantly lower than the control group (P0.01; P0.05), on gilts whey in T3, T4 and cortisol concentration did not significantly affect the gilts; sodium butyrate in colostrum TNF-a was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05), sodium butyrate to sow colostrum in the level of IgA was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05), the Sow colostrum IgG and LPS concentration had no significant effect. These results suggest that dietary sodium butyrate could affect gilts fat metabolism and immune function in.2 diets on reproductive performance and milk composition of betaine gilts compared with the control group, beet alkali on gilts estrus rate, a breeding the success rate of return rate, delivery rate, the rate had no significant change with gilts; pregnancy had no significant effect of betaine on gilts and total labor; dietary betaine can significantly increase the gilts 108 days of pregnancy, backfat thickness (P0.01), had no significant effect on postpartum sow backfat thickness; Betaine can significantly reduce gilts week fetus number (P0.05), the gilts litter litter weight, the total number born and the number born alive had no significant effect; maternal betaine could significantly increase the primary The piglet birth weight, body height and chest circumference (P0.01), long had no significant effect on the newborn piglets; Betaine group 7 days piglets weight and daily gain were significantly higher than the control group (P0.01). Therefore, betaine on sow oestrus rate, breeding rate and delivery rate did not significantly affect maternal, betaine can promote fetal development and early growth of piglets. Betaine on gilts in colostrum and milk protein, lactose, triglyceride, total cholesterol concentration had no significant effect on gilts in whey; T3, T4, prolactin, leptin and cortisol concentration did not significantly affect the concentration of betaine; whey can significantly reduce TNF-a (P0.05 the reserve of colostrum), IgA, IgG and LPS concentration had no significant effect. These results suggest that dietary betaine may on endocrine and metabolic gilts did not have a significant impact on gilts, may The immune function has some influence.

【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5

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