绵羊繁殖性状遗传机理的研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 04:32

本文选题：绵羊　切入点：繁殖　出处：《内蒙古农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：解析绵羊繁殖性状的遗传机理是增加产羔数和提高养羊生产效率的重要基础。自宋末蒙古羊南移以来,高繁的小尾寒羊和湖羊与低繁的苏尼特羊和乌珠穆沁羊从原始群体演化至今已有上千年的历史。在这一遗传背景下,利用NGS技术筛选与绵羊繁殖力相关的遗传变异成为可能。本研究通过比较四个蒙古羊后裔品种的基因组变异,并整合其它品种卵泡发育转录组和基因型数据初步解析了绵羊繁殖性状的遗传机理。主要研究结果如下：1、蒙古羊内部分化研究通过滑动窗口计算ROH与Fst的方法,得到47个在高繁殖力群体与低繁殖力群体中发生明显分化的区域,进一步功能分析找到6个参与到繁殖生物学过程的重要候选基因(如DACH2, AMH, ADAM21等)。2、表达相关性分析结合Miao等人发现的差异表达基因,通过表达相关性分析找到了4个与卵泡发育相关的关键基因(如ECH1, IGFIR等)及7个与卵泡发育相关的QTL。3、与繁殖性状相关SNP标记筛选结合简化基因组测序,利用关联分析获得了145个与绵羊繁殖性状相关的多态位点。本研究首次通过多组学结合对绵羊繁殖性状分子机理进行了探究,研究结果为后续功能基因的筛选及验证提供了数据资源,并对定位绵羊繁殖性状候选基因及育种工作奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:The genetic mechanism of sheep reproductive traits is an important basis for increasing lambs and raising sheep productivity. It has been thousands of years since the high propagation of small tail Han sheep and Hu sheep and the low breeding Sunita sheep and Wuzhimuqin sheep evolved from the primitive population. It is possible to screen the genetic variation associated with sheep fecundity by using NGS technique. The genetic mechanism of sheep reproductive traits was preliminarily analyzed by integrating the data of follicular development transcriptome and genotype of other breeds. The main results were as follows: 1. The internal differentiation of Mongolian sheep was studied by sliding window method to calculate ROH and Fst. There were 47 areas with obvious differentiation between high fecundity population and low fecundity population. Further functional analysis found six important candidate genes involved in reproductive biology (such as DACH2, AMH, ADAM21, etc.). Expression correlation analysis combined with differentially expressed genes discovered by Miao et al. Four key genes related to follicular development (E. g. ECH1, IGFIR, etc.) and seven QTL.3related to follicular development were identified by expression correlation analysis. The results showed that QTL.3 was associated with the screening of SNP markers related to reproductive traits and simplified genomic sequencing. A total of 145 polymorphic loci related to sheep reproductive traits were obtained by association analysis. The results provided data resources for screening and verification of functional genes and laid a foundation for locating candidate genes for sheep reproductive traits and breeding.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826

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