不同来源淀粉对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化率以及血液生化指标的影响

发布时间：2018-03-14 23:01

本文选题：淀粉　切入点：生长育肥猪　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为研究不同来源淀粉类型对生长肥育猪生产性能的影响及相关作用机理,本研究分不同来源淀粉(玉米淀粉、糯米淀粉、土豆淀粉)对生长肥育猪生长性能、养分消化率以及血液生化指标3个层次进行了研究:1.不同来源淀粉对育肥猪生长性能的影响选择15头体重为24.49±1.34 kg健康PIC去势公猪,按单因子试验设计随机分为3个处理组,每处理5头,单笼饲养,分25~50 kg、50~75 kg、75~100 kg三个体重阶段进行饲喂。三个处理组分别为玉米淀粉组(对照组)、糯米淀粉组(快速降解淀粉组)和抗性淀粉组(50%土豆淀粉代替对照组中50%的玉米淀粉)。结果显示:25~50 kg阶段,玉米淀粉组日增重和料重比显著优于抗性淀粉组(P0.05);50~75 kg阶段,糯米淀粉组料重比显著高于玉米淀粉组和抗性淀粉组(P0.05);75~100 kg阶段,抗性淀粉组日采食量显著高于玉米淀粉组和糯米淀粉组(P0.05)。PIC育肥猪前期,以玉米淀粉作为饲料的主要能量来源能提高其生长性能。2.不同来源淀粉对育肥猪养分消化率的影响试验测定了25~50 kg、50~75 kg、75~100 kg三个体重阶段猪粪便中营养物质表观消化率,结果显示:25~50 kg阶段,糯米淀粉组Ca消化率显著高于玉米淀粉组(P0.05),而抗性淀粉组Ca的消化率极显著高于玉米淀粉组(P0.01)。糯米淀粉组和抗性淀粉组P消化率均显著高于玉米淀粉组(P0.05)。50~75 kg阶段,糯米淀粉组和抗性淀粉组干物质和能量利用率均显著高于玉米淀粉组(P0.05)。抗性淀粉组粗蛋白消化率显著高于玉米淀粉组(P0.05),糯米淀粉组和抗性淀粉组Ca的消化率均极显著高于玉米淀粉组(P0.01)。抗性淀粉组P消化率显著高于玉米淀粉组(P0.05),糯米淀粉组P消化率极显著高于玉米淀粉组(P0.01)。在75~100 kg阶段,玉米淀粉组Ca和P的消化率均极显著高于糯米淀粉组(P0.01)。3.不同来源淀粉对育肥猪血液生化指标的影响试验测定了育肥猪血液生化指标,结果显示:三个处理组血糖和胰岛素水平均无显著差异(P0.05),糯米淀粉组胆固醇水平显著高于玉米淀粉组和抗性淀粉组(P0.05),抗性淀粉组甘油三酯水平显著低于玉米淀粉组和糯米淀粉组(P0.05)。综上结果表明:玉米淀粉作为饲料的主要能量来源能增加育肥猪生长前期的日增重,降低料重比,提高其生长性能。日粮中添加糯米淀粉和土豆淀粉均能够增加育肥猪对Ca和总P的利用率,对育肥猪骨骼的发育有着重要的意义。在育肥猪50~75 kg体重段,糯米淀粉和土豆淀粉均能够显著增加各营养物质的消化率。糯米淀粉和土豆淀粉能够调节PIC猪血液中脂类物质的水平。两种淀粉都能不同程度的调节体内脂肪代谢。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of different starch types on the performance of growing and finishing pigs and their related mechanisms, this study was divided into three groups: corn starch, glutinous rice starch and potato starch. The effects of different starch sources on growth performance of fattening pigs were studied. Fifteen healthy PIC ovariectomized boars with a body weight of 24.49 卤1.34 kg were randomly divided into three treatment groups according to the single factor design. For each treatment, 5 heads were raised in a single cage. The corn starch group (control group), glutinous rice starch group (fast degradable starch group) and resistant starch group (50% potato starch group) were fed in three body weight stages. The result shows that at 25: 25kg / kg, The daily gain and feed weight ratio of the corn starch group was significantly higher than that of the resistant starch group at 5075kg, and the waxy rice starch group was significantly higher than the corn starch group and the resistant starch group. The daily feed intake of resistant starch group was significantly higher than that of corn starch group and glutinous rice starch group (P0.05N. PIC). The effect of starch from different sources on nutrient digestibility of fattening pigs was studied. The apparent digestibility of nutrients in pig feces at three body weight stages of 25 ~ (50) kg ~ (50) ~ (50) ~ (75) kg ~ (75) ~ (75) ~ (100) kg was determined. The results show that at the stage of 50 kg, The digestibility of Ca in glutinous rice starch group was significantly higher than that in corn starch group, while the Ca digestibility in resistant starch group was significantly higher than that in corn starch group. The P digestibility of glutinous rice starch group and resistant starch group was significantly higher than that of corn starch group at P 0.05 路50 ~ (75) kg. The dry matter and energy utilization efficiency of glutinous rice starch group and resistant starch group were significantly higher than that of corn starch group, the digestibility of crude protein in resistant starch group was significantly higher than that in corn starch group, and the Ca digestibility of glutinous rice starch group and resistant starch group was very high. The P digestibility of resistant starch group was significantly higher than that of maize starch group, and the P digestibility of glutinous rice starch group was significantly higher than that of corn starch group. The digestibility of Ca and P in corn starch group was significantly higher than that in glutinous rice starch group. The results showed that there was no significant difference in blood glucose and insulin levels among the three treatment groups, but the cholesterol level in glutinous rice starch group was significantly higher than that in corn starch group and resistant starch group, and the triglyceride level in resistant starch group was significantly lower than that in corn starch group. The results showed that corn starch, as the main energy source of feed, could increase the daily gain in the early stage of growth of fattening pigs. Adding glutinous rice starch and potato starch to the diet can increase the utilization ratio of Ca and total P in fattening pigs, and play an important role in skeletal development of fattening pigs. Glutinous rice starch and potato starch can significantly increase the digestibility of various nutrients. Glutinous rice starch and potato starch can regulate the level of lipid in blood of PIC pigs.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5

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