新疆引进羊驼遗传多样性与系统发育研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 09:40

本文选题：羊驼　切入点：遗传多样性　出处：《中国畜牧兽医》2017年09期

【摘要】：为充分了解引进羊驼的遗传多样性和系统发育关系,本试验采集了新疆3个地区(阿勒泰市青河县、塔城市和天山野生动物园)39只羊驼血液样品,对其线粒体D-loop基因进行了扩增和测序,得到长度为733bp的片段序列,群体单倍型多样度(Hd)为0.954,核苷酸多样性(Pi)为0.0091,基因流(Nm)为1.97。39条序列共定义了25种单倍型,其中单倍型H7是群体共享最多的单倍型。3个地区羊驼群体之间的遗传距离很小,为0.002~0.003;羊驼与美洲驼、原驼、骆马间的遗传距离为0.002、0.004、0.017,与双峰驼的遗传距离最大,为0.050~0.051,聚类分析发现,3个地区羊驼基本聚为一大支,而且与美洲驼、骆马、原驼亲缘关系较近,双峰驼单独聚为一支。综合分析,新疆引进的羊驼遗传多样性丰富,群体间遗传分化程度较小,基因交流水平较高,羊驼与美洲驼、原驼和骆马之间亲缘关系最近,与双峰驼亲缘关系较远。
[Abstract]:In order to fully understand the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of introduced alpacas, 39 alpaca blood samples were collected from three regions of Xinjiang (Qinghe County, Tacheng City and Tianshan Wildlife Park). The mitochondrial D-loop gene was amplified and sequenced. The length of 733bp fragment was obtained. The population haplotype diversity was 0.954, the nucleotide diversity was 0.0091, and the gene flow sequence was 1.97.39 haplotypes. Haplotype H7 was the most common haplotype. The genetic distance between alpaca populations in three areas was very small (0.002 / 0.003), and the genetic distance between alpaca and alpaca, alpaca, alpaca and camel was 0.002 / 0.004 / 0.017, which was the highest between alpaca and alpaca, and the genetic distance between alpaca and alpaca was the highest, and the genetic distance between alpaca and alpaca was the highest. The results of cluster analysis showed that alpaca in three areas were basically clustered into a large family, and were closely related to the alpaca, the camel and the original camel, and the bactrian camel was a single one. The genetic diversity of the alpaca introduced from Xinjiang was rich in the comprehensive analysis, and the genetic diversity of the alpaca introduced in Xinjiang was very high, and the genetic diversity of the alpaca was higher than that of the alpaca. The degree of genetic differentiation among populations is small and the level of gene exchange is higher. The genetic relationship between alpaca and alpaca, alpaca and Camel is close, and the relationship between alpaca and Bactrian camel is far from that between alpaca and Bactrian camel.
【作者单位】：新疆畜牧科学院畜牧业质量标准研究所;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303119-4)
【分类号】：S829.9

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