利用高密度SNP标记分析中国荷斯坦牛基因组近交

发布时间：2018-03-25 11:22

本文选题：近交系数　切入点：基因组纯合度　出处：《遗传》2017年01期

【摘要】：畜禽育种中传统上利用系谱信息评估群体近交程度?近年来随着高通量单核苷酸多态(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)检测成本降低,使利用基因组信息分析真实的基因组近交程度成为可能?本研究利用牛54 K SNP芯片数据统计了北京地区2107头荷斯坦牛基因组上的长纯合片段(runs of homozygosity,ROH)的频率和分布,计算了2种基因组近交系数,即染色体上ROH的长度占基因组总长度的比例(Froh)及个体所有标记基因型中纯合子所占比例,即基因组纯合度(Fhom),进而分析了两种基因组近交系数之间的相关性以及基因组近交与系谱近交系数之间的相关性?结果表明,共检测到44 676个ROH片段,其长度主要分布在1~10 Mb之间?不同长度的ROH散布于个体基因组内,短ROH较长ROH更为常见?ROH在染色体上并非均匀分布,ROH频率最高的区域为10号染色体中部?两种基因组近交系数之间相关性很高(91%以上),但基因组近交与系谱近交之间的相关性较低(低于50%)?系谱完整性是影响基因组近交与系谱近交结果一致的重要因素,基因组近交系数能够反映个体真实的近交,本研究为评估群体近交水平提供了有力工具?
[Abstract]:Traditionally, pedigree information is used to evaluate the inbreeding degree in livestock and poultry breeding. In recent years, with the reduction of the cost of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detection, it is possible to use genomic information to analyze the true degree of genomic inbreeding. In this study, the frequency and distribution of long homozygosity runs of homozygosity roh on the genome of 2107 Holstein cattle in Beijing were calculated by using 54 K SNP chip data. That is, the ratio of ROH length to total genome length on chromosomes and the proportion of homozygotes in all marker genotypes. The correlation between the number of genome inbred lines and that between genome inbreeding and pedigree inbreeding was analyzed. The results showed that a total of 44 676 ROH fragments were detected, the length of which was mainly between 1mb and 10Mb. Different lengths of ROH are scattered in individual genomes, and short ROH is more common than long ROH. The highest frequency of ROH on chromosomes is in the middle of chromosome 10? The correlation between the number of genome inbred lines was very high (91%), but the correlation between genome inbreeding and pedigree inbreeding was lower (< 50%). Pedigree integrity is an important factor affecting the consistency between genomic inbreeding and pedigree inbreeding. The number of genomic inbreeding lines can reflect the true inbreeding of individuals. This study provides a powerful tool for evaluating the inbreeding level of population.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学动物科技学院;中国奶业协会奶牛数据中心;
【基金】：现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(编号:CARS-37) 北京市奶牛产业创新团队项目(编号:BAIC06-2016) 教育部“分子育种技术”创新团队基金项目(编号:IRT1191) 国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2011BAD28B02)资助~~
【分类号】：S823

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