乳酸菌固体发酵黄芪工艺及其在断奶仔猪上的应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 02:32

本文选题：黄芪 + 乳酸菌　；参考：《河南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究利用屎肠球菌和植乳杆菌两种乳酸菌混合对黄芪进行固体发酵,首先确定乳酸菌对黄芪固体发酵的可行性以及黄芪的最适添加量和最佳发酵条件;然后测定发酵后黄芪多糖含量、黄芪甲苷含量,研究发酵对黄芪成分的影响;最后将发酵样品以不同的添加量应用于断奶仔猪,与抗生素对照组比较,探究其对仔猪的应用效果,以及代替抗生素应用于断奶仔猪药物保健的可能性。试验主要包括以下三个部分:(1)乳酸菌固体发酵黄芪工艺优化。首先以黄芪的添加量为25%、50%、75%、100%分为四个组来培养两种混合菌,以活菌数为指标确定黄芪的添加量。为控制营养不均影响试验结果,前三组分别加25%营养基质(麸皮:玉米粉:木瓜渣=1:1:1),第四组为对照组,总体比例不足100%的组用惰性固体填充剂补充。结果显示,发酵3d后乳酸菌活菌数随黄芪添加量的增加先升高后降低,50%组菌落数最高,确定黄芪最适添加量为50%。再以发酵时间、接种量、含水量等为指标对发酵条件进行优化,以多糖含量作为优化指标,优化结果为:发酵时间12d,接种量25%、加水量(水占固体基质的百分比)50%。(2)发酵对黄芪活性成分的影响。发酵后,多糖含量有不同程度的提高,其中第12d含量最高为9.11%,增率较发酵前提高95.5%。利用高效液相色谱法对黄芪甲苷进行测定,随着时间的延长,黄芪甲苷含量升高,发酵18d含量达到最高,同时期对照组含量也有一定的升高;发酵后期发酵组略低于对照组,可能是黄芪甲苷转化为其他成分。(3)发酵黄芪制剂在断奶仔猪上的应用。选择160头体重相近的35(±3)日龄“杜×长×大”三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分成五个组,试验组分别添加0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%发酵黄芪,抗生素对照组添加硫酸粘杆菌素。试验期28d。结果显示,与抗生素组相比,添加0.4%、0.6%、0.8%发酵黄芪可以提高仔猪生长性能,提高血清IgG、IgA的含量。综合考虑,添加0.6%的发酵黄芪效果最好,较抗生素对照组,采食量和日增重分别提高了12.2%(P0.05)、19.8%(P0.05),料肉比降低了6.2%(P0.05),IgG和IgA分别提高了30.2%(P0.05)和22.1%(P0.05)。研究认为添加适量发酵黄芪可以替代抗生素用于断奶仔猪的药物保健。
[Abstract]:In this study, the solid fermentation of Astragalus membranaceus was carried out by using two kinds of lactic acid bacteria, Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus plantarum. Firstly, the feasibility of solid fermentation of Astragalus membranaceus by Lactobacillus faecium and the optimum addition amount and optimum fermentation conditions were determined.Then the content of astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside A after fermentation were determined to study the effect of fermentation on the composition of astragalus membranaceus.To explore the effect of its application in piglets and the possibility of using antibiotics instead of antibiotics in weaning piglets.The experiment mainly includes the following three parts: 1) optimization of solid-state fermentation of Astragalus membranaceus by lactic acid bacteria.Astragalus membranaceus was first divided into four groups to culture two kinds of mixed bacteria, and the addition of Astragalus membranaceus was determined by the number of live bacteria.In order to control the effect of uneven nutrition, the first three groups were supplemented with 25% nutrient substrates (bran: corn flour: papaya dregs 1: 1: 1: 1), the fourth group was the control group, and the total proportion of less than 100% was supplemented with inert solid filler.The results showed that the viable number of lactic acid bacteria increased first with the increase of Astragalus membranaceus and then decreased to 50% after fermenting for 3 days the colony number of the group was the highest and the optimum dosage of Astragalus membranaceus was determined to be 50%.Then the fermentation conditions were optimized by fermentation time, inoculation amount and water content, and the polysaccharide content was used as the optimization index.The optimum results were as follows: fermentation time 12 days, inoculation amount 25%, and water amount (water as a percentage of solid substrate, 50%) fermentation on the active components of Astragalus membranaceus (Astragalus membranaceus).After fermentation, the content of polysaccharides increased in varying degrees, and the highest content was 9.11 on the 12th day, and the increase rate was 95.5% higher than that before fermentation.Astragaloside A was determined by HPLC. With the extension of time, the content of Astragaloside A increased, and the content of Astragaloside I reached the highest level in 18 days of fermentation, and the content of control group also increased in the same period.It may be that astragaloside A was transformed into other components. 3) the application of astragalus preparation in weaning piglets.160 35 (卤3) day-old "du 脳 long 脳 big" weanling pigs were randomly divided into five groups. In the experimental group, 0.8% of Astragalus membranaceus was fermented with 0.2cm 0.40% and 0.6% respectively, and the antibiotic control group was supplemented with Myxobisin sulfate.The trial period was 28 days.The results showed that compared with the antibiotic group, the addition of 0.4% Astragalus root and 0.8% fermentation of Astragalus membranaceus could improve the growth performance of piglets and increase the IgA content in serum.The effect of adding 0.6% of fermented astragalus was the best. Compared with the antibiotic control group, the feed intake and daily gain of Astragalus membranaceus were increased by 12.2P0.05 and 19.8P0.05, respectively, and the feed / meat ratio was decreased by 6.2U P0.05G and 30.2% P0.05 (P 0.05) and 22.1P0.05, respectively.It was suggested that appropriate amount of fermented astragalus membranaceus could be used as a substitute for antibiotics in weaning piglets.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5

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