植物提取物及其复合物对鸡源致病菌的体外抑菌作用

发布时间：2018-05-01 10:36

本文选题：植物提取物 + 大肠杆菌　；参考：《动物营养学报》2017年09期

【摘要】：本研究选取10种具有较强抑菌作用的植物提取物,研究其对鸡源致病菌(鸡大肠杆菌和鸡沙门氏菌)的体外抑菌作用,并分别筛选出对2种致病菌有较强抑菌作用的3种植物提取物,将其按不同比例复配,以获得抑菌效果更强的复合植物提取物。本研究分为2个试验。试验1:共设11个组,分别为百里香精油、牛至精油、肉桂精油、大蒜油、黄芩黄酮、竹叶黄酮、黄芪多糖、小檗碱、苦参碱和绿原酸和金霉素组(阳性对照组),每组6个重复,采用牛津杯法测定植物提取物对大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的抑菌作用。试验2:根据试验1的结果,选取对大肠杆菌抑菌效果较好的肉桂精油、苦参碱和绿原酸3种植物提取物,分别按照不同浓度比例进行两两和3种植物提取物复配,用牛津杯法测定复合物对大肠杆菌的抑菌作用,同时分别设相应浓度的3种单一植物提取物为对照组,共20个组,每组6个重复;选取对沙门氏菌抑菌效果较好的竹叶黄酮、黄芩黄酮和肉桂精油3种植物提取物,用牛津杯法测定不同浓度比例的复合物和相应浓度的单一植物提取物(对照组)对沙门氏菌的抑菌作用,共17个组,每组6个重复;根据以上结果,研究了竹叶黄酮和肉桂精油按不同浓度比例复配对沙门氏菌的抑菌作用,以筛选最佳复配比例,共15个组,每组6个重复。结果表明:5种植物提取物对大肠杆菌有抑菌作用,其抑菌作用从大到小依次为肉桂精油、苦参碱、绿原酸、百里香精油、牛至精油;8种植物提取物对沙门氏菌有抑菌作用,其抑菌作用从大到小依次为竹叶黄酮、黄芩黄酮、肉桂精油、苦参碱、绿原酸、牛至精油、百里香精油、大蒜油。与肉桂精油对照组相比,肉桂精油、苦参碱和绿原酸两两或3种植物提取物复配不能显著增强对大肠杆菌的抑菌作用(P0.05);竹叶黄酮和肉桂精油复配可显著增强对沙门氏菌的抑菌作用(P0.05),且在浓度比例为25∶150(1∶6)时抑菌作用达到最大。由此可见,10种植物提取物中,对大肠杆菌抑菌效果较好的3种植物提取物为肉桂精油、苦参碱和绿原酸,但这3种植物提取物复合物的抑菌作用并不大于单一肉桂精油;对沙门氏菌抑菌效果较好的3种植物提取物为竹叶黄酮、黄芩黄酮和肉桂精油,竹叶黄酮和肉桂精油复配增强了抑菌效果,且复配比例为1∶6时对沙门氏菌的抑菌作用最大。
[Abstract]:In this study, 10 kinds of plant extracts with strong bacteriostatic effect were selected to study the bacteriostatic effect of the extracts against chicken pathogenic bacteria (E. coli and Salmonella) in vitro. Three kinds of plant extracts with strong bacteriostatic effect on two pathogenic bacteria were selected and mixed in different proportion to obtain the compound plant extracts with stronger bacteriostatic effect. This study is divided into two experiments. Experiment 1: 11 groups were divided into thyme essential oil, oregano essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, garlic oil, baicalin, bamboo leaf flavone, astragalus polysaccharide, berberine, matrine, Lv Yuan acid and chlortetracycline. The inhibitory effects of plant extracts on Escherichia coli and Salmonella were determined by Oxford Cup method. Experiment 2: according to the results of experiment 1, three plant extracts, cinnamon essential oil, matrine and Lv Yuan acid, which had better bacteriostasis effect on Escherichia coli, were mixed with two or three plant extracts at different concentrations, respectively. The bacteriostatic effect of the compound on Escherichia coli was determined by Oxford Cup method, and three kinds of plant extracts of corresponding concentration were set up as control group, with 6 replicates in each group, and the flavonoids of bamboo leaves which had better bacteriostasis effect against Salmonella were selected. Three plant extracts from flavonoids of Scutellaria baicalensis and essential oil of cinnamon were used to determine the bacteriostatic effects of compounds of different concentrations and single plant extracts (control group) on Salmonella in 17 groups with 6 replicates in each group. Based on the above results, the bacteriostatic effects of flavonoids from bamboo leaves and essential oils of cinnamon on Salmonella were studied in different concentrations, in order to select the best mixture ratio, there were 15 groups, 6 replicates in each group. The results showed that five plant extracts had bacteriostatic effect on Escherichia coli, and their bacteriostatic effects were followed by cinnamon essential oil, matrine, Lv Yuan acid, thyme essential oil and oregano essential oil. The bacteriostatic effects of the plant were followed by bamboo leaf flavonoids, baicalin, cinnamon essential oil, matrine, Lv Yuan acid, oregano essential oil, thyme essential oil and garlic oil. Compared with the control group of cinnamon essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, The combination of matrine and Lv Yuan acid could not significantly enhance the bacteriostatic effect on Escherichia coli, while the combination of flavonoids from bamboo leaves and essential oil of cinnamon could significantly enhance the bacteriostatic effect on Salmonella, and the ratio of concentration was as follows: The bacteriostasis reached maximum at 25: 150 and 1: 6. It can be seen that the three kinds of plant extracts with better bacteriostasis to Escherichia coli are cinnamon essential oil, matrine and Lv Yuan acid, but the bacteriostatic effect of these three plant extracts is not higher than that of cinnamon essential oil. The three plant extracts with better bacteriostatic effect against Salmonella were bamboo leaf flavonoids, baicalein and cinnamon essential oil, bamboo leaf flavonoids and cinnamon essential oil, and the bacteriostatic effect of the three plant extracts was the greatest at 1:6.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201401047) 国家现代农业产业技术体系岗位专家专项经费(CARS-42) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费(ASTIP-IAS08)
【分类号】：S858.31

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