瘤胃微生物的保存及活性恢复研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 03:03

  本文选题：秸秆 + 瘤胃微生物　； 参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：秸秆是一种宝贵的生物质资源,我国目前秸秆年产量约8.4亿吨,可收集部分为6.9亿吨,但综合利用率仅达到28.7%,大部分秸秆直接焚烧,产生SO2、NO2、颗粒物等,造成严重的空气污染。目前,针对秸秆的处理技术有很多,包括秸秆做工业原料、秸秆气化技术、液化技术、发酵技术等；其中秸秆生物法厌氧发酵产沼气技术在农村应用较普遍,但该技术存在着普通微生物降解效率低、产气量低等问题。瘤胃微生物是反刍动物瘤胃内微生物的总称,对秸秆有高效的降解能力,同时可生产沼气。目前还没有适当的方法对瘤胃微生物进行保存,使得菌种来源成为利用瘤胃微生物厌氧发酵秸秆产沼气在实际应用中的主要瓶颈。本文对驯化后的高效瘤胃微生物的保存方法与活性恢复进行研究,主要内容分为两部分。首先,将驯化后的瘤胃微生物按照固体烘干、固体未烘干、液态三种不同状态,分别在-20℃、4℃、室温条件下进行保存；10天后取出,进行厌氧发酵秸秆活性恢复分析研究,初步筛选出适合瘤胃微生物保存的基本条件。其次,在上述实验研究的基础上,利用Box-Behnken设计实验,进一步考察温度、保护剂添加量、接种量三个主要因素对瘤胃微生物活性恢复的影响,并通过响应曲面模型(RSM)对实验结果进行优化分析,从而得出最优的保存条件。主要的研究成果如下：(1)瘤胃微生物以固体烘干及液态状态保存,其恢复性能较好；经过保存的瘤胃微生物,在恢复过程中受环境刺激短期可产生较多的CMC酶。(2)利用响应曲面模型得到温度、甘油投加量、接种量三者之间分别对CMC酶活性、还原糖浓度、TVFA浓度、CH4百分含量交互关系的3D曲面图及二维等高线图,利用Design-Expert软件对以上四个响应值分别确定拟合方程解逆矩阵,经过软件优化后得出最优保存方案。
[Abstract]:Straw is a valuable biomass resource, the annual output of straw in China is about 840 million tons, but the comprehensive utilization ratio is only 28.70.The straw is burned directly, resulting in serious air pollution. At present, there are many treatment technologies for straw, including straw as industrial raw materials, straw gasification technology, liquefaction technology, fermentation technology and so on. However, there are some problems in this technology, such as low degradation efficiency and low gas production. Rumen microorganism is a general term of rumen microorganism in ruminants. It can degrade straw efficiently and produce biogas at the same time. At present, there is no proper method to preserve rumen microorganisms, which makes the source of microbial species become the main bottleneck of biogas production using rumen microorganisms anaerobic fermentation straw in practical applications. In this paper, the preservation methods and activity recovery of highly effective rumen microbes after acclimation were studied, and the main contents were divided into two parts. Firstly, the domesticated rumen microbes were stored at -20 鈩，

本文编号：1998551