生物素对奶牛繁殖性能的影响及其内分泌机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 20:08

本文选题：奶牛 + 生物素　；参考：《河南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究结合现在奶牛养殖业中面临的繁殖性能低下的问题,在初产母牛日粮中添加不同浓度的生物素,通过对发情率、受配率、受胎率、分娩率、产犊间隔、产后发情时间等繁殖性能指标进行统计分析后,筛选出最佳的生物素添加剂量。并研究其对卵巢机能的影响。此外,分别在试验牛的不同发情周期阶段,添加生物素后主要生殖激素的变化规律,从内分泌机制上阐明生物素对奶牛繁殖性能的作用机制。并研究了不同剂量生物素对奶牛卵巢卵泡发育的影响。研究结果如下:1.不同剂量生物素对奶牛的发情受胎效果试验研究了在奶牛基础日粮基础上不同剂量生物素对奶牛发情受胎的影响。结果表明:试验结果表明:添加20 mg.d-1(69.44%)、30 mg.d-1(70.43%)与40 mg.d-1(68.80%)生物素组的母牛发情率极显著(P0.01)高于10 mg.d-1组(62.86%)与对照组(55.24%),且10 mg.d-1组(62.86%)显著(P0.05)高于对照组(55.24%),而20 mg.d-1、30 mg.d-1与40 mg.d-1生物素组间差异不显著(P0.05)。添加20 mg.d-1(90.67%)、30 mg.d-1(91.36%)与40 mg.d-1(89.53%)生物素组的母牛总受胎率极显著(P0.01)高于10 mg.d-1组(84.85%)与对照组(84.48%),10 mg.d-1组的总受胎率虽高于对照组,但两者差异不显著(P0.05),且30 mg.d-1组的受胎率略高于20 mg.d-1与40 mg.d-1组,但3组间差异也不显著(P0.05)。研究结果说明日粮中添加20 mg·d-1、30 mg·d-1与40 mg·d-1生物素对奶牛的发情与受胎效果要明显好于其他两组(0 mg·d-1与10 mg·d-1)。建议添加量以20 mg.d-1~30 mg.d-1生物素为宜。2.不同剂量生物素对奶牛产犊率的影响研究结果显示:20 mg.d-1组(82.67%)、30 mg.d-1组(86.42%)与40 mg.d-1组(83.72%)的母牛产犊率极显著(P0.01)高于对照组(70.69%),且显著(P0.05)高于10 mg.d-1组(75.76%),10 mg.d-1组的产犊率显著(P0.05)高于对照组,30 mg.d-1组的母牛产犊率略高于20 mg.d-1与40 mg.d-1组,但3组间差异不显著(P0.05)。研究结果说明不同剂量生物素对母牛产犊率有明显影响,以30 mg·d-1剂量为最高。3.不同剂量生物素对奶牛产犊指数的影响20 mg.d-1组(378.23±12.82)、30 mg.d-1组(375.71±10.95)与40 mg.d-1组(379.17±9.81)的母牛产犊指数极显著(P0.01)低于对照组(396.34±14.50),且显著(P0.05)低于10mg.d-1组(385.80±10.76),10 mg.d-1组(385.80±10.76)的产犊指数显著(P0.05)低于对照组,30 mg.d-1组(375.71±10.95)组的母牛产犊指数略低于20 mg.d-1组(378.23±12.82)与40 mg.d-1组(379.17±9.81),但3组间差异不显著(P0.05)。研究结果表明添加生物素可以明显缩短母牛的产犊间隔(产犊指数)。不同剂量生物素对母牛产犊指数有显著影响,以30 mg·d-1剂量为最佳。4.不同剂量生物素对奶牛产后发情的影响20mg.d-1组(78.67%)、30mg.d-1组(80.25%)与40mg.d-1组(79.07%)的母牛产后30d发情率极显著(p0.01)高于对照组(51.72%),且显著(p0.05)高于10mg.d-1组(69.70%),10mg.d-1组的母牛产后30d发情率显著(p0.05)高于对照组,但20mg.d-1组、30mg.d-1组与40mg.d-1组间差异不显著(p0.05)。20mg.d-1组(63.37±10.96)、30mg.d-1组(61.97±8.91)与40mg.d-1组(62.65±9.08)的母牛从分娩至第一次配种平均天数显著(p0.05)低于10mg.d-1组(69.76±11.23)与对照组(72.19±14.79),10mg.d-1组的母牛从分娩至第一次配种平均天数虽低于对照组,但两者差异不显著(p0.05),且20mg.d-1组、30mg.d-1组与40mg.d-1组间差异不显著(p0.05)。本试验结果显示生物素可以明显提高母牛产后发情率,并缩短母牛产后发情与配种时间。不同剂量生物素对母牛产后发情率与母牛产后发情和配种时间有显著影响,以30mg·d-1剂量为最佳。5.不同剂量生物素对奶牛发情周期不同时间雌二醇水平的影响结果表明:母牛在发情周期3d,20mg.d-1组(5.91±0.97pg/ml)、30mg.d-1组(5.95±0.83pg/ml)与40mg.d-1组(5.98±1.17pg/ml)组的母牛血浆雌二醇含量显著(p0.05)高于10mg.d-1组(5.01±0.73pg/ml)与对照组(4.93±0.59pg/ml),10mg.d-1组的母牛血浆雌二醇含量高于对照组,但两者差异不显著(p0.05),且20mg.d-1组、30mg.d-1组与40mg.d-1组间差异不显著(p0.05)。母牛在发情周期20d(发情前1d),20mg.d-1组(12.53±2.01pg/ml)、30mg.d-1组(12.91±1.51pg/ml)组与40mg.d-1组(12.57±1.13pg/ml)组的母牛血浆雌二醇含量极显著(p0.01)高于对照组(8.92±0.57pg/ml),且显著(p0.05)高于10mg.d-1组(10.55±1.72pg/ml),10mg.d-1组的母牛血浆雌二醇含量显著(p0.05)高于对照组,且20mg.d-1组、30mg.d-1组与40mg.d-1组间差异不显著(p0.05)。研究结果说明日粮中添加20mg·d-1、30mg·d-1与40mg·d-1生物素可以明显提高血浆雌二醇的基础水平与峰值。6.不同剂量生物素对奶牛发情周期不同时间孕酮水平的影响母牛在发情周期0d(发情当天),20mg.d-1组(0.33±0.04ng/ml)、30mg.d-1组(0.35±0.06ng/ml)组与40mg.d-1组(0.34±0.07ng/ml)的母牛血浆孕酮含量极显著(p0.01)高于对照组(0.27±0.04ng/ml),且显著(p0.05)高于10mg.d-1组(0.27±0.03ng/ml)组,10mg.d-1组的母牛血浆孕酮含量显著(p0.05)高于对照组,且20mg.d-1组、30mg.d-1组与40mg.d-1组间差异不显著(p0.05)。母牛在发情周期14d,20mg.d-1组(7.43±0.81ng/ml)、30mg.d-1组(7.51±0.74ng/ml)组与40mg.d-1组(7.52±0.73ng/ml)组的母牛血浆孕酮含量极显著(p0.01)高于对照组(6.57±0.35ng/ml),且显著(p0.05)高于10mg.d-1组(6.91±0.79ng/ml)组,10mg.d-1组组的母牛血浆孕酮含量显著(p0.05)高于对照组,且20mg.d-1组、30mg.d-1组与40mg.d-1组间差异不显著(p0.05)。研究结果说明日粮中添加20 mg·d-1、30 mg·d-1与40 mg·d-1生物素可以明显提高血浆孕酮的基础水平与峰值。7.不同剂量生物素对奶牛卵巢卵泡发育的影响20 mg.d-1组(7.69±1.98)、30 mg.d-1组(7.84±1.35)组与40 mg.d-1组(7.82±3.54)的平均中卵泡数极显著(P0.01)高于对照组(3.45±1.77),且显著(P0.05)高于10 mg.d-1组(5.38±2.01)组,10 mg.d-1组组的平均中卵泡数(P0.05)高于对照组,且20 mg.d-1组、30 mg.d-1组与40 mg.d-1组间差异不显著(P0.05)。20 mg.d-1组(13.13±5.84)、30mg.d-1组(13.36±3.98)与40 mg.d-1组(12.94±6.87)的平均小卵泡数显著(P0.05)低于10 mg.d-1组(16.67±7.32)组与对照组(17.97±7.91),对照组的平均小卵泡数虽高于10mg.d-1组组,但两者差异不显著(P0.05),且20 mg.d-1组、30 mg.d-1组与40 mg.d-1组间差异不显著(P0.05)。5组间的平均卵泡总数差异也不显著(P0.05)。研究结果说明日粮中添加20 mg·d-1、30 mg·d-1与40 mg·d-1生物素对奶牛卵巢上的中卵泡数量明显高于其他2组,由于中卵泡中排出的卵母细胞受胎率高于小卵泡与大卵泡。因此,为了提高奶牛繁殖力,建议以添加20 mg·d-1~30 mg·d-1生物素为宜。
[Abstract]:This study combined with the problem of low reproductive performance in the dairy cattle breeding industry, adding different concentrations of biotin in the primary cow's diet, and screening out the best biotin dosage after analyzing the reproductive performance indexes, such as the estrous rate, the rate of pregnancy, the rate of birth, the birth rate, the interval of calving, the time of postpartum estrus and so on. The effects on ovarian function were studied. In addition, the changes in the main reproductive hormones were added to the different estrous cycle stages of the test cattle, and the mechanism of the effects of biotin on the reproductive performance of cows was elucidated from the endocrine mechanism. The effects of different doses of biotin on the ovarian follicle development of dairy cows were studied. The effects of different doses of biotin on the estrus of cows were studied in 1. different doses. The effects of different doses of biotin on cow's estrus on dairy cows were studied. The results showed that the experimental results showed that the oestrus rate of the cows with 20 mg.d-1 (69.44%), 30 mg.d-1 (70.43%) and 40 mg.d-1 (68.80%) was significantly higher than that of the cows (P0.01). The 10 mg.d-1 group (62.86%) and the control group (55.24%), and the 10 mg.d-1 group (62.86%) were significantly higher than the control group (55.24%), while the difference between the 20 mg.d-1,30 mg.d-1 and the 40 mg.d-1 biotin group was not significant (P0.05). The addition of 20 mg.d-1 (90.67%), 30 mg.d-1 (91.36%) and 40 mg.d-1 (89.53%) biotin group was very significant (P0.01) higher than that of the mg.d-1. Group (84.85%) and control group (84.48%), the total pregnancy rate in the 10 mg.d-1 group was higher than the control group, but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the 30 mg.d-1 group was slightly higher than the 20 mg.d-1 and 40 mg.d-1 groups, but the difference between the 3 groups was not significant (P0.05). The results showed that the diet added 20 mg. D-1,30 mg D-1 and 40 mg D-1 biotin to the cows. The effect of emotion and pregnancy was better than that of the other two groups (0 mg / D-1 and 10 mg D-1). The results showed that the effects of 20 mg.d-1~30 mg.d-1 biotin on the calving rate of dairy cows in different doses of suitable.2. showed that the calving rate of 20 mg.d-1 group (82.67%), 30 mg.d-1 group (86.42%) and 40 mg.d-1 group (83.72%) was significantly higher than that of the pair. Group (70.69%), and significant (P0.05) higher than the 10 mg.d-1 group (75.76%), 10 mg.d-1 group calving rate significantly higher than the control group, 30 mg.d-1 group cow calving rate is slightly higher than the 20 mg.d-1 and 40 mg.d-1 groups, but the 3 groups have no significant difference (P0.05). The results show that different doses of biotin has a significant impact on cow calving rate, with 30 mg D-1 agent. The effect of different doses of.3. on the calving index of dairy cows was 20 mg.d-1 (378.23 + 12.82), 30 mg.d-1 group (375.71 + 10.95) and 40 mg.d-1 group (379.17 + 9.81) of cow calving index (P0.01) was lower than that of the control group (396.34 + 14.50), and significantly lower than that of 10mg.d-1 group (385.80 + 10.76) and 10 mg.d-1 group. The calving index (P0.05) was lower than that of the control group. The calving index of the cows in the 30 mg.d-1 group (375.71 + 10.95) was slightly lower than the 20 mg.d-1 group (378.23 + 12.82) and 40 mg.d-1 group (379.17 + 9.81), but the difference between the 3 groups was not significant (P0.05). The results showed that the addition of biotin could significantly shorten the calving interval (calving index) of the cows. The calving index had a significant influence on cow calving index. The effect of 30 mg / D-1 dose on the best.4. different doses of biotin on the postpartum estrus was in the group 20mg.d-1 (78.67%). The 30d oestrus rate of the 30mg.d-1 group (80.25%) and the 40mg.d-1 group (79.07%) was significantly higher than the control group (51.72%), and the significant (P0.05) was higher than the 10mg.d-1 group (69.70%), 10mg.d-1. The rate of 30d estrus was significantly higher in the group of cows (P0.05) than in the control group, but in group 20mg.d-1, there was no significant difference between group 30mg.d-1 and 40mg.d-1 group (P0.05).20mg.d-1 group (63.37 + 10.96), 30mg.d-1 group (61.97 + 8.91) and 40mg.d-1 group (62.65 + 9.08) from childbirth to first mating average days (P0.05) was lower than that of 10mg.d-1 group (69.76 + 11.23). In the control group (72.19 + 14.79), the average days in the 10mg.d-1 group were lower than the control group, but the difference between the two groups was not significant (P0.05), and the difference between the group 30mg.d-1 and the 40mg.d-1 group was not significant (P0.05). The results of this test showed that biotin could obviously improve the estrous rate of the cows and shorten the estrus postpartum. The effects of different doses of biotin on the postpartum estrus and mating time of cows were significant. The effect of 30mg D-1 dose on the estradiol levels of the estrous cycle at different doses of.5. at different doses of.5. showed that the cows were in the oestrus cycle 3D, 20mg.d-1 group (5.91 + 0.97pg/ml), 30mg.d-1 group (30mg.d-1 group). 5.95 + 0.83pg/ml) and 40mg.d-1 group (5.98 + 1.17pg/ml) group of cows plasma estradiol content was significantly higher (P0.05) than the 10mg.d-1 group (5.01 + 0.73pg/ml) and the control group (4.93 + 0.59pg/ml), 10mg.d-1 group cow plasma estradiol content is higher than the control group, but the difference is not significant (P0.05), and 20mg.d-1, 30mg.d-1 group and 40mg.d-1 groups are not different. Significant (P0.05). Cows in the estrous cycle 20d (pre estrus 1D), 20mg.d-1 group (12.53 + 2.01pg/ml), 30mg.d-1 group (12.91 + 1.51pg/ml) and 40mg.d-1 group (12.57 + 1.13pg/ml) group of cows plasma estradiol content is very significant (P0.01) higher than the control group (8.92 + 0.57pg/ ml), and significantly higher than the group (10.55 +), the mother of the mother The content of estradiol in bovine plasma (P0.05) was significantly higher than that in the control group, and in group 20mg.d-1, there was no significant difference between group 30mg.d-1 and 40mg.d-1 group (P0.05). The results showed that the addition of 20mg, d-1,30mg, D-1 and 40mg D-1 biotin in the diet could significantly improve the basal level of plasma estradiol and the peak.6. dose of biotin on the estrous cycle of dairy cows. The level of progesterone at the same time affects cows in the estrous cycle 0d (estrus day), group 20mg.d-1 (0.33 + 0.04ng/ml), 30mg.d-1 group (0.35 + 0.06ng/ml) and 40mg.d-1 group (0.34 + 0.07ng/ml) of maternal plasma progesterone content is very significant (P0.01) higher than the control group (0.27 + 0.04ng/ml), and significant (P0.05) higher than the 10mg.d-1 group (0.27 + 0.03ng/ml) group, The plasma progesterone content of the cow plasma was significantly higher (P0.05) than that in the control group, and there was no significant difference between the 20mg.d-1 group and the 30mg.d-1 group (P0.05). The cows were in the estrous cycle 14d, the 20mg.d-1 group (7.43 + 0.81ng/ml), the 30mg.d-1 group (7.51 + 0.74ng/ml) and the 40mg.d-1 group (7.52 + 0.73ng/ml) were significantly higher than the control group. Group (6.57 + 0.35ng/ml), and significant (P0.05) higher than group 10mg.d-1 (6.91 + 0.79ng/ml), 10mg.d-1 group of cows plasma progesterone content (P0.05) higher than the control group, and 20mg.d-1 group, 30mg.d-1 group and 40mg.d-1 group difference is not significant (P0.05). The influence of the basic level of plasma progesterone and peak.7. on the ovarian follicle development of dairy cows was 20 mg.d-1 (7.69 + 1.98). The average number of follicles in the 30 mg.d-1 group (7.84 + 1.35) and 40 mg.d-1 group (7.82 + 3.54) was significantly higher than that of the control group (3.45 + 1.77), and the significant (P0.05) was higher than that of the 10 mg.d-1 group (5.38 + 2.01). The average median follicle number (P0.05) in group mg.d-1 was higher than that in the control group, and the difference between the 20 mg.d-1 group and the 30 mg.d-1 group and the 40 mg.d-1 group was not significant (P0.05).20 mg.d-1 group (13.13 + 5.84), the average number of small follicles in 30mg.d-1 group (13.36 + 3.98) and 40 mg.d-1 group (P0.05) was lower than that of 10 mg.d-1 group (16.67 + 7.32) and control group (16.67 + 5.84), The average number of small follicles in the control group was higher than the 10mg.d-1 group, but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the difference between the 20 mg.d-1 group, the 30 mg.d-1 group and the 40 mg.d-1 group was not significant (P0.05) the difference of the average follicle number between the.5 group was not significant (P0.05). The results showed that the diet added 20 mg d-1,30 mg, D-1 and 40 extracellular biotin to cow eggs. The number of middle follicles on the nests is obviously higher than that of the other 2 groups, because the rate of oocyte in the middle follicles is higher than that of the small follicles and large follicles. Therefore, it is advisable to add 20 mg. Mg. D-1 biotin in order to improve the fecundity of the cows.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823

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