饲粮中添加粪肠球菌对肉仔鸡生产性能、肉品质和血浆代谢组的影响

发布时间：2018-07-04 12:21

本文选题：肉仔鸡 + 粪肠球菌　；参考：《甘肃农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：论文以爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡为试验动物,研究在其饲粮中添加粪肠球菌后,对肉仔鸡生产性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、抗氧化性能、营养物质利用率及其血浆代谢组的影响,为粪肠球菌在肉仔鸡生产中的实际应用提供理论依据。试验一饲粮中添加粪肠球菌对肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质及抗氧化性能的影响为研究饲粮中添加粪肠球菌对爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、抗氧化指标和养分利用率的影响,试验选用1日龄健康雄性AA肉仔鸡180只,根据体重均衡原则随机分为3组(每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡):I组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,II、III组饲喂分别添加1×108 CFU/kg、5×108 CFU/kg粪肠球菌(活菌数为1×1010CFU/g)的试验饲粮,试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮中添加5×108CFU/kg的粪肠球菌组显著降低了后期(22~42d)肉仔鸡料重比和42日龄的腹脂率(P0.05),提高了肉仔鸡42日龄的半净膛率(P0.05);2)饲粮中添加5×108CFU/kg的粪肠球菌组显著提高了42日龄肉仔鸡胸肌和腿肌中的肌肉脂肪和肌苷酸含量(P0.05),增加了肉仔鸡胸肌中单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量(P0.05),提高了肉仔鸡腿肌中不饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸的含量(P0.05),显著降低了腿肌中饱和脂肪酸含量(P0.05)。3)饲粮中添加5×108CFU/kg的粪肠球菌组显著提高了肉仔鸡42日龄血浆、肝脏、胸肌和腿肌中总抗氧化能力(P0.05),提高了肉仔鸡42日龄血浆和肝脏中的总超氧化物歧化酶活性和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P0.05),显著降低了肉仔鸡42日龄血浆、肝脏、胸肌和腿肌中的脂质过氧化物含量和丙二醛含量(P0.05)。4)饲粮中添加5×108CFU/kg的粪肠球菌组显著提高了肉仔鸡前后期能量和粗蛋白的养分利用率(P0.05)。结论:饲粮中添加粪肠球菌对1-42日龄肉仔鸡的生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、抗氧化指标及其养分利用率有有利的影响。试验二饲粮中添加粪肠球菌对肉仔鸡血浆代谢组的研究应用液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用的代谢组学分析技术研究饲粮中添加不同剂量粪肠球菌对肉仔鸡血浆代谢物的影响,将AA肉仔鸡的血浆样品经过处理之后,用液相色谱-质谱和气象色谱-质谱联用技术检测肉仔鸡血浆中的代谢产物,根据质谱数据库对肉仔鸡血浆中的代谢物进行鉴定。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,添加5×108 CFU/kg粪肠球菌组中血浆代谢产物相对含量发生显著变化(P0.05),主要为磷脂酰胆碱(PC(14:0))、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LysoPE(22:5))、PC(36:6)/PE(39:6)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI(18:0))、磷脂酸(PA(22:6))、PC(26:1)/PE(29:1)、磷脂酰甘油酯(PG(18:2))、棕榈酸、甘氨酸、富马酸、L-苏氨酸、羟基丁酸、D-葡萄糖、D-半乳糖和单硬脂酸甘油酯;添加1×108 CFU/kg粪肠球菌组中血浆代谢产物相对含量也发生显著变化(P0.05),主要为磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE(20:5))、1-亚麻酸甘油磷酸胆碱、LysoPE(22:5)、PE(20:3)、PC(16:0)、PC(20:3)、PC(36:6)/PE(39:6)、PC(40:7)、PE(18:3)、甘油磷脂-N-花生四烯酸乙醇胺、PC(26:1)/PE(29:1)、磷酸、磷酸盐、羟基丁酸、透明质酸、D-葡萄糖、棕榈反油酸、à-D吡喃葡糖苷、棕榈酸、胆固醇、D-果糖、D-葡萄糖/D-半乳糖、9-十八碳烯酸、蜜二糖。2)添加5×108CFU/kg的粪肠球菌组与添加1×108CFU/kg的粪肠球菌组相比,AA肉仔鸡血浆代谢产物含量差异显著(P0.05),发生变化的主要化合物为PC(20:5)、PC(18:0)/PE(21:0)、LysoPE(22:5)、1-亚麻酸甘油磷酸胆碱、PE(20:5)、PC(20:3)、PC(17:2)/PE(20:2)、甘氨酸、富马酸、羟基丁二酸、D-果糖和半乳糖。结论:饲粮中添加粪肠球菌后对肉仔鸡血浆代谢组产生显著影响,35种潜在代谢物存在统计学差异,其中与肉品质有关的物质有磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LysoPE)、PC/PE、磷酸、羟基丁二酸、D-葡萄糖和棕榈酸。
[Abstract]:In this paper, AA broilers were used as experimental animals to study the effects of Enterococcus faecalis added to their diets on the production performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, antioxidant properties, nutrient utilization and plasma metabolic groups of broilers, which provided a theoretical basis for the practical application of Enterococcus faecalis in broiler production. The effects of Enterococcus faecalis on growth performance, meat quality and antioxidant properties of Enterococcus faecalis were affected by the effects of Enterococcus faecalis on growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, antioxidant index and nutrient utilization ratio of AA broilers. 180 healthy male broilers with 1 days of age were selected for the experiment. According to the principle of weight balance, the experiment was based on the principle of weight balance. The machine was divided into 3 groups (6 repetitions in each group and 10 chickens for each repeat): the I group (control group) was fed with basal diet, II and III were fed with 1 x 108 CFU/kg, 5 x 108 CFU/kg fecal Enterococcus (the number of live bacteria 1 x 1010CFU/g), and the test period 42 D. results showed that the group of Enterococcus faecalis supplemented with 5 x 108CFU/kg in the diet was significantly lower than that in the control group. Lower (22~42d) broiler feed weight ratio and abdominal fat rate (P0.05) at 42 days of age increased the half clean rate (P0.05) of broilers at 42 days of age; 2) 5 x 108CFU/kg Enterococcus increased muscle fat and musculic acid content in the chest and leg muscles of 42 day old broilers (P0.05), and increased the monounsaturated fat in Broilers' breast muscle. Fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid content (P0.05) increased the content of unsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids (P0.05) in chicken leg muscles (P0.05), and significantly reduced the saturated fatty acid content (P0.05) in the leg muscles (P0.05).3). The addition of 5 * 108CFU/kg fecal Enterococcus in the diet significantly increased the total plasma, liver, chest and leg muscles of broilers. Antioxidant capacity (P0.05) increased the total superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione peroxidase activity (P0.05) in the plasma and liver of broilers at 42 days of age, and significantly reduced the content of lipid peroxides and the content of malondialdehyde (P0.05).4 in the plasma, liver, chest and leg muscles of broilers, and 5 * 108CFU/kg of fecal intestines in the diet. The results showed that the addition of Enterococcus faecalis had a favorable effect on the growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, antioxidant index and nutrient utilization ratio of 1-42 day old broilers. In test two, Enterococcus faecalis was added to the plasma metabolism group of broilers. The study used liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to study the effects of different dosages of Enterococcus faecalis on the metabolites of blood pulp of meat chicks. After processing the plasma samples of AA broilers, the method was used to detect meat by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and meteorologic chromatography-mass spectrometry. The metabolites in the plasma of the broiler were identified according to the mass spectrometry database. The results showed that: 1) compared with the control group, the relative content of plasma metabolites in the 5 x 108 CFU/kg Enterococcus group was significantly changed (P0.05), mainly phosphatidylcholine (PC (14:0)), lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine (LysoPE (22:5)), PC (36:6) /PE (39:6), phosphatidylinositol (PI (18:0)), phosphatidic acid (PA (22:6)), PC (26:1) /PE (29:1), phosphatidyl glyceride, glycine, fumaric acid, threonine, hydroxybutyric acid, glucose, galactose and glycerol monostearate; the relative content of plasma metabolites in the 1 x 108 fecal Enterococcus group also changed significantly. P0.05, mainly phosphatidylethanolamine (PE (20:5)), 1- linolenic acid glycerophosphate, LysoPE (22:5), PE (20:3), PC (16:0), PC (20:3), phosphoric acid, phosphate, hydroxybutyric acid, hyaluronic acid, palm antioleic acid and Staphylococcus aureus Glucoside, palmitic acid, cholesterol, D- fructose, D- glucose /D- galactose, 9- eighteen carboxenoic acid, honey two sugar.2) added 5 x 108CFU/kg in Enterococcus faecalis group and 1 x 108CFU/kg Enterococcus group, the content of blood plasma of AA meat chicken was significantly different (P0.05), the main compound was PC (20:5). PC (20:5), PC 1- linolenic acid glycerol phosphoric acid, PE (20:5), PC (20:3), PC (17:2) /PE (20:2), glycine, fumaric acid, hydroxy succinic acid, D- fructose and galactose. Conclusion: the addition of Enterococcus faecalis to the plasma metabolism group of broilers is significant, 35 potential metabolites have statistical differences, and the substances related to meat quality are phosphatidylcholine. Alkali (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine (LysoPE), PC/PE, phosphoric acid, hydroxy succinic acid, D- glucose and palmitic acid.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5

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