宁夏封育草地植被群落特征及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-07-04 14:17

本文选题：半干旱区 + 封育草地　；参考：《北京林业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：宁夏盐池县生态环境脆弱,加之人类不合理的开发利用,土地退化严重。土地荒漠化成为制约当地经济发展的主要因素。本文对不同治理措施下封育草地植被群落特征及其影响因素进行研究,探讨人工封育草场植被变化情况,分析其变化影响因素,得到结论如下：(1)柳杨堡人工封育区一共出现了14科,42种植物,主要是菊科、禾本科、豆科植物。常见的植物种有阿尔泰狗娃花、黑沙蒿、猪毛蒿、臭蒿、赖草、隐子草等。季节性封育草场出现的植物种数最多,其次是未封育草场,出现植物种数最少的是完全封育草场。柳杨堡人工封育区植被以草本植物为主,草本植物又以多年生的草本植物为主。该封育区内只出现中生和旱生植物,没有出现水生和湿生植物。(2)根据NMDS分析结果,将人工封育草场划分为3个群落种组类型。第1组：猪毛蒿+草木樨状黄芪群落。第Ⅱ组：苦豆子+阿尔泰狗娃花群落。第Ⅲ组：黑沙蒿+刺沙蓬群落。(3)季节性封育草场多样性指数与优势度指数最高。完全封育草场植被群落分布均匀,无明显优势种。不同封育年限草场的βw、βs、βj指数随封育年限的增加呈增加趋势。同时,βw变化趋势显著,βj指数与βs指数变化趋势平缓。季节性封育草场γ多样性高于完全封育草场和未封育草场。完全封育草场γ多样性较低。2011年封育草场Y多样性达到最大值。(4)季节性封育草场总复杂性较高,其次是完全封育草场,最后是未封育草场。(5)第一排序轴CCA能清晰区分柳杨堡人工封育区物种与各个环境因子之间的相关关系。其次,影响柳杨堡人工封育区的主要环境因子是土壤容重和结皮盖度。
[Abstract]:The ecological environment of Yanchi County in Ningxia is fragile, and human unreasonable exploitation and utilization, land degradation is serious. The land desertification becomes the main factor which restricts the local economic development. In this paper, the characteristics and influencing factors of vegetation community in fenced grassland under different control measures were studied, and the changes of vegetation in artificial fencing grassland were discussed, and the influencing factors were analyzed. The conclusions are as follows: (1) there are 14 families and 42 species of plants in the artificial fencing area of Liuyangbao, including Compositae, Gramineae and Leguminosae. Common plant species are Artemisia altaiensis, Artemisia nigra, Artemisia pigeonii, Artemisia odorifolia, leymus, herbaceous, and so on. The number of plant species in seasonal fenced pasture was the most, followed by unfenced pasture, and the least number of plant species was completely closed grassland. In the artificial fencing area of Liuyangbao, the vegetation is mainly herbaceous and the herbaceous plants are perennial herbaceous plants. There were only mesophytes and xerophytes in the fenced area, but no aquatic or wet plants. (2) according to the results of NMDS analysis, the artificial herbaceous field was divided into three community groups. Group 1: Astragalus meliloides community. Group II: the community of Altaia altaiensis (Kudou). (3) the diversity index and dominance index of seasonal herbages were the highest. The distribution of vegetation community was uniform and there was no obvious dominant species. The 尾 _ w, 尾 _ s, 尾 _ j indices of pasture with different fencing years showed an increasing trend with the increase of fencing years. At the same time, the change trend of 尾 w is obvious, the change trend of 尾 j index and 尾 s index is gentle. The 纬 -diversity of seasonal fenced pasture was higher than that of complete and unfenced pasture. Y diversity of closed pasture reached the maximum in 2011. (4) the total complexity of seasonal fencing grassland was higher, followed by complete fencing grassland. Finally, the unfenced pasture. (5) the first sorting axis CCA can clearly distinguish the correlation between species and various environmental factors in the artificial fenced area of Liuyangbao. Secondly, the main environmental factors affecting the artificial fencing area of Liuyangbao were soil bulk density and crust coverage.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S812

【相似文献】