草地入侵植物对枝叶去除的生理生态响应:模式、机理与研究展望
发布时间：2018-08-27 19:59
【摘要】：外来植物对草地生态系统的入侵会导致草地生物多样性降低、植被生产力下降、生态环境日趋恶化等严重后果,要想有效防治草地入侵植物,深入了解其生理生态特性十分关键。根据国内外利用刈割这一常规管理方法控制草地入侵植物的现状,对草地入侵植物响应枝叶去除处理的模式与机理相关研究展开综述,并得出以下主要结论:(1)草地入侵植物倾向于利用补偿性光合作用模式保证和提高其光合作用能力;(2)通过快速的茎叶再生机制来补偿光合器官和地上生物量的损失;(3)改变土壤微生物群落结构使其更有利于入侵植物的生长;(4)入侵植物利用高效和多样化的资源分配策略促进再生;(5)入侵植物将更多能量优先分配到繁殖器官以维持种群稳定;(6)草地入侵植物在不同发育阶段对枝叶去除的耐受性差异较大。并且,本研究对刈割控制草地入侵植物的优势与不足进行了简要分析,并提出了三点防治草地入侵植物的具体建议。此外,建议在今后的相关研究中,研究者应重点考虑草地入侵植物响应枝叶去除的分子机理,以及放牧草地入侵植物对全球变化的响应机制,以巩固与拓展科学高效防治草地入侵植物的理论基础。
[Abstract]:The invasion of grassland ecosystem by exotic plants will lead to the decrease of grassland biodiversity, the decrease of vegetation productivity, the worsening of ecological environment, and so on. It is very important to deeply understand its physiological and ecological characteristics. According to the current situation of controlling grassland invasive plants by using the conventional management method of cutting at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the research on the pattern and mechanism of the response of grassland invasive plants to the removal of branches and leaves. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) grassland invasive plants tend to use compensatory photosynthesis model to guarantee and improve their photosynthesis ability; (2) to compensate for the loss of photosynthetic organs and aboveground biomass through rapid stem and leaf regeneration mechanism. (3) changing the structure of soil microbial community to make it more favorable to the growth of invasive plants; (4) using efficient and diversified resource allocation strategies to promote regeneration of invasive plants; (5) assigning more energy to reproductive organs in order to improve the growth of invasive plants. (6) the tolerance of invasive plants to the removal of branches and leaves in different development stages was different. In addition, this study briefly analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of cutting and controlling grassland invasive plants, and put forward three specific suggestions for controlling grassland invasive plants. In addition, it is suggested that in future studies, researchers should focus on the molecular mechanism of grassland invasive plants responding to the removal of branches and leaves, as well as the response mechanism of grazing grassland invasive plants to global changes. In order to consolidate and expand the scientific and efficient control of grassland invasive plants theoretical basis.
【作者单位】： 河南科技大学农学院;
【基金】：NSFC-河南人才培养联合基金(U1304306) 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050400) 河南科技大学学科提升振兴A计划项目(13660001)资助
【分类号】：S812.6
，
本文编号：2208301
[Abstract]:The invasion of grassland ecosystem by exotic plants will lead to the decrease of grassland biodiversity, the decrease of vegetation productivity, the worsening of ecological environment, and so on. It is very important to deeply understand its physiological and ecological characteristics. According to the current situation of controlling grassland invasive plants by using the conventional management method of cutting at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the research on the pattern and mechanism of the response of grassland invasive plants to the removal of branches and leaves. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) grassland invasive plants tend to use compensatory photosynthesis model to guarantee and improve their photosynthesis ability; (2) to compensate for the loss of photosynthetic organs and aboveground biomass through rapid stem and leaf regeneration mechanism. (3) changing the structure of soil microbial community to make it more favorable to the growth of invasive plants; (4) using efficient and diversified resource allocation strategies to promote regeneration of invasive plants; (5) assigning more energy to reproductive organs in order to improve the growth of invasive plants. (6) the tolerance of invasive plants to the removal of branches and leaves in different development stages was different. In addition, this study briefly analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of cutting and controlling grassland invasive plants, and put forward three specific suggestions for controlling grassland invasive plants. In addition, it is suggested that in future studies, researchers should focus on the molecular mechanism of grassland invasive plants responding to the removal of branches and leaves, as well as the response mechanism of grazing grassland invasive plants to global changes. In order to consolidate and expand the scientific and efficient control of grassland invasive plants theoretical basis.
【作者单位】： 河南科技大学农学院;
【基金】：NSFC-河南人才培养联合基金(U1304306) 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050400) 河南科技大学学科提升振兴A计划项目(13660001)资助
【分类号】：S812.6
，
本文编号：2208301
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