营养舔砖对肉牛瘤胃发酵、血液生理生化指标生产性能及肉品质的影响
发布时间：2018-10-24 08:49
【摘要】：本论文采用单因子完全试验设计,将20月龄左右,体重427-24kg,90头科尔沁黄牛共分成3组,每组30头。在相同日粮饲喂模式下,试验一组(糖蜜组)是在预饲期补饲糖蜜舔砖,正式试验期补饲碱微舔砖；试验二组(碱微组)是预饲期和正式期均补饲碱微舔砖；对照组无舔砖补饲,其他饲养模式相同。试验期为194d,其中预饲期为14d,正式试验期为180d,每隔30d采集一次饲料样、血样、瘤胃液样和称体重,出栏时每组随机挑选5头进行屠宰并测定了相关的屠宰性能。研究结果如下：1.糖蜜组的干物质采食量比对照组提高了5%(P0.05),而碱微组比对照组提高了4%(P0.05)；糖蜜组和碱微组之间的干物质采食量则差异不显著(P0.05)。糖蜜组与碱微组日增重比对照组分别提高了11.2%和8%,但各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。糖蜜组、碱微组和对照组的料肉比分别7.29、7.5和7.73,但各组间没有显著差异(P0.05)。2.试验两组瘤胃pH均高于对照组,其中糖蜜组最高,各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。除此之外乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸浓度也试验组均高于对照组(P0.05)。试验组瘤胃NH3-N与BCP浓度也略高于对照组(P＞0.05)。由此证明,利用营养舔砖更能保持肉牛瘤胃内环境的理想的状态。3.研究结果显示：血液中白细胞数等多种免疫细胞数试验两组偏高与对照组(P0.05)；红细胞与血小板总数对照组均高于补饲营养舔砖组(P0.05)。试验开始30d时对照组血液中生长激素(GH)的浓度显著高于糖蜜组(P0.05),碱微组与其它两组之间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。另采样期中,试验两组均高于对照组,碱微组的最高(P＞0.05)；血液消脂素(LEP)浓度为,试验两组均高于对照组,其中碱微组略高于糖蜜组(P0.05)。血液胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)浓度为,试验开始60d时试验组均显著高于对照组,糖蜜组最高(P0.05)；120d时糖蜜组显著高于对照组(P0.05),碱微组与其它两组无显著差异,对照组最低(P0.05)；其它采样点均无差异显著(P＞0.05)。血液胰岛素(INS)浓度为,试验开始60d时糖蜜组显著高于碱微组(P0.05),对照组与试验组之间没有显著差异(P0.05)；120d时试验组均显著高于对照组(P0.05)；其他采样点均无差异显著(P0.05)。血液皮质醇(Cor)浓度在各采样点三组间均没有显著差异(P0.05)。补饲营养舔砖能够增强肉牛血清中的总超氧化物歧化酶、30d和60d时试验组均显著高于对照组(P0.05)试验组之间没有显著差异,其中糖蜜组最高,其他采样点均无差异显著(P0.05)；血液谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-P X)浓度60d、120d和180d时试验组均显著高于对照组(P0.05),60和120d时试验组之间没有显著差异,其中碱微组最高,180d时碱微组极显著高于对照组(P0.01),显著高于糖蜜组(P0.05),30d和90d时各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)；血液钙(Ca)浓度为30d和60d时试验组均极显著高于对照组(P0.01),试验组之间没有显著差异,其中糖蜜组最高,其他采样点均无差异显著(P＞0.05)；血液磷(P)浓度为,180d时碱微组显著高于对照组(P0.05),糖蜜组与其他两组之间没有显著差异,对照组最低；其他采样点均无差异显著(P0.05)；血液铜兰蛋白(CP)浓度为,整个试验期间各组之间均无差异显著(P0.05)；血液乳酸脱氢酶(LDH-L)浓度为,试验开始60d时试验组均极显著高于对照组(P0.01),试验组之间没有显著差异,其中碱微组最高,180d时碱微组显著高于对照组(P0.05),糖蜜组与其他两组之间没有显著差异,对照组最低；血液碱性磷酸酶(ALP)浓度为整个试验期间各组之间均无差异显著(p0.05)。4.补饲营养舔砖对肉牛屠宰性能的没有不良影响。5.营养舔砖对肉牛经济效益的影响。糖蜜组比对照组每头多盈利1.20元/d, 碱微组比对照组每头多盈利0.55元/d。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a single factor complete trial design was used to divide 20 months of age, 427-24kg body weight and 90 Horqin yellow cattle into 3 groups, 30 heads each. In the same diet feeding mode, the test group (molasses group) was fed with molasses licking brick during the pre-feeding period, feeding alkali micro-licked brick in the formal test period; two groups (alkali micro group) were fed alkali microlicking brick during the pre-feeding period and the formal period; the control group had no licking brick feeding, and the other feeding modes were the same. The test period was 194d, in which the pre-feeding period was 14d, the formal test period was 180d, a feed sample, a blood sample, a gastric juice sample and a body weight were collected every 30d, 5 heads were randomly selected for slaughter and the related slaughtering performance was determined at the time of the column. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The feed intake of dry matter in molasses group was increased by 5% (P <0.05) than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the daily gain of the molasses group and the base microgroup increased by 11.2% and 8% respectively, but the difference among the groups was not significant (P0.05). The ratio of meat to meat in molasses group, alkali microgroup and control group was 7.29, 5.7. 5 and 7.73 respectively, but there was no significant difference among the groups (P0.05). The rumen pH of the two groups was higher than that in the control group, among which the highest in the molasses group and no significant difference among the groups (P0.05). In addition, the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, pentanoic acid and isovalerate were higher than those in the control group (P0.05). The concentration of NH3-N and BCP in rumen of the test group was also slightly higher than that in the control group (P> 0.05). It is proved that using nutritional licking brick can keep the ideal state of the environment in the rumen of beef cattle. The results showed that the number of white blood cells in blood was higher than that in control group (P0.05). The concentration of growth hormone (GH) in blood of control group was significantly higher than that of molasses group (P0.05). In the other sampling period, both groups were higher than those in the control group (P> 0.05), and the concentration of LEP was higher than that in the control group (P> 0.05). The serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) concentration was higher than that in control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in other sampling points (P> 0.05). The concentration of insulin (INS) was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the concentration of blood cortisol (Cor) between the three groups (P0.05). The total superoxide dismutase (SOD, 30d, and 60d) in serum of beef cattle was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-P X) concentration 60d, 120d and 180d was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group (P0.01), the concentration of calcium (Ca) was 30d and 60d (P0.05). There was no significant difference in other sampling points (P> 0.05); the concentration of P (P) was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). The concentration of serum copper-blue protein (CP) was not significant (P0.05). The concentration of LDH-L was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.01). In 180d, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). There was no adverse effect on the slaughtering performance of beef cattle by supplementing nutrition licking brick. Effect of nutritional licking brick on economic benefit of beef cattle. Compared with the control group, the molasses group was more profitable than the control group with a profit of RMB 1. 20 yuan/ d, and the base micro-group was more profitable than the control group at a profit of 0. 55 yuan/ d.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823.5
本文编号：2290905
[Abstract]:In this paper, a single factor complete trial design was used to divide 20 months of age, 427-24kg body weight and 90 Horqin yellow cattle into 3 groups, 30 heads each. In the same diet feeding mode, the test group (molasses group) was fed with molasses licking brick during the pre-feeding period, feeding alkali micro-licked brick in the formal test period; two groups (alkali micro group) were fed alkali microlicking brick during the pre-feeding period and the formal period; the control group had no licking brick feeding, and the other feeding modes were the same. The test period was 194d, in which the pre-feeding period was 14d, the formal test period was 180d, a feed sample, a blood sample, a gastric juice sample and a body weight were collected every 30d, 5 heads were randomly selected for slaughter and the related slaughtering performance was determined at the time of the column. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The feed intake of dry matter in molasses group was increased by 5% (P <0.05) than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the daily gain of the molasses group and the base microgroup increased by 11.2% and 8% respectively, but the difference among the groups was not significant (P0.05). The ratio of meat to meat in molasses group, alkali microgroup and control group was 7.29, 5.7. 5 and 7.73 respectively, but there was no significant difference among the groups (P0.05). The rumen pH of the two groups was higher than that in the control group, among which the highest in the molasses group and no significant difference among the groups (P0.05). In addition, the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, pentanoic acid and isovalerate were higher than those in the control group (P0.05). The concentration of NH3-N and BCP in rumen of the test group was also slightly higher than that in the control group (P> 0.05). It is proved that using nutritional licking brick can keep the ideal state of the environment in the rumen of beef cattle. The results showed that the number of white blood cells in blood was higher than that in control group (P0.05). The concentration of growth hormone (GH) in blood of control group was significantly higher than that of molasses group (P0.05). In the other sampling period, both groups were higher than those in the control group (P> 0.05), and the concentration of LEP was higher than that in the control group (P> 0.05). The serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) concentration was higher than that in control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in other sampling points (P> 0.05). The concentration of insulin (INS) was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the concentration of blood cortisol (Cor) between the three groups (P0.05). The total superoxide dismutase (SOD, 30d, and 60d) in serum of beef cattle was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-P X) concentration 60d, 120d and 180d was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group (P0.01), the concentration of calcium (Ca) was 30d and 60d (P0.05). There was no significant difference in other sampling points (P> 0.05); the concentration of P (P) was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). The concentration of serum copper-blue protein (CP) was not significant (P0.05). The concentration of LDH-L was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.01). In 180d, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). There was no adverse effect on the slaughtering performance of beef cattle by supplementing nutrition licking brick. Effect of nutritional licking brick on economic benefit of beef cattle. Compared with the control group, the molasses group was more profitable than the control group with a profit of RMB 1. 20 yuan/ d, and the base micro-group was more profitable than the control group at a profit of 0. 55 yuan/ d.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823.5
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