基于物联网技术的生猪存亡远程监测系统设计与验证

发布时间：2018-12-14 09:36

【摘要】：【目的】当前政府对生猪的监管停留在标签式耳标的被动监管上,但由于监管滞后经常出现死猪被丢弃的恶性事件发生,为了解决监管部门对生猪存亡状态远程监管难的问题,同时便于养殖企业监测生猪的心率,对异常心率的生猪及时采取有效措施。笔者设计一种集生猪心率采集及生猪存亡判断的远程监测系统。【方法】系统采用无线传感网的数据传输架构模式,由智能耳标、路由节点、网关、远程服务器、猪场监测中心、政府监管部门监测中心组成。智能耳标采集数据通过无线Zig Bee网络经路由节点,由网关中的GPRS模块将数据经由Internet转发至远程服务器中,软件系统自动对数据异常生猪报警。参考人用穿戴式心率监测的设计,采用光电心率测量法,使用LED及光感应器,结合滤波电路、放大电路设计了心率传感器。同时为确定LED的发光波长及光感应器的感应波长,通过采集不同体重杜长大猪耳处血液样本,运用郎伯比尔定律,利用分光光度计研究生猪血液中(Hb O2)与脱氧血红蛋白(Hb)对光谱吸光度规律,从光电心率测量法的原理出发,分析心率传感器在运动状态下测量不精确的原因。此外结合生猪的睡眠习性利用姿态传感器MPU6050中的DMP(Digital Motion Processor)获取稳定的姿态数据,并识别心率传感器采集的不准确的数据。最后采用具有Zig Bee协议的CC2530通过自带的ADC转换器、I/O模拟IIC通信协议实现心率传感器、MPU6050的数据读取,并通过Zig Bee网络进行数据传输,用其PM2(睡眠)模式降低功耗,制成集心率与姿态的监测为一体的耳标佩戴在猪耳上。【结果】研究表明从Hb O2与Hb对光谱吸光度规律观测,同时考虑到电子元件的成本、通用率,对生猪生活影响等因素,560 nm光用于生猪光电式心率测量效果明显。生猪心率传感器采用该波长光对生猪心率测量与传统人工测量方法对比,心率误差为0.9%,由于生猪卧睡时间占75%以上并且基本只在进食前后活动,因此心率传感器可较长时间对生猪进行监测,尤其是利用MPU6050监测运动情况,故该系统可实现对生猪静态下进行心率监测、动态下进行姿态监测,当在静态下无心率数据则代表生猪死亡。【结论】由于该耳标质量轻、体积小、功耗低、测量准确,可以较为便利地实现在静态下对生猪进行心率监测和动态下的姿态监测,即实现了生猪存亡状态监测的同时,也实现了对生猪心率的长期监测。改变了传统RFID耳标的被动监测模式,对改善生猪的福利水平及提高政府的监管能力具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:[objective] at present, the government's supervision of live pigs remains on the passive supervision of label labels. However, due to the delay in supervision, malignant incidents often occur in which dead pigs are discarded. In order to solve the problem of remote supervision of live pigs by regulatory authorities, At the same time, it is convenient for breeding enterprises to monitor the heart rate of live pigs and take effective measures in time for pigs with abnormal heart rate. This paper designs a remote monitoring system for collecting heart rate and judging the survival of live pigs. [methods] the system adopts the data transmission mode of wireless sensor network, which is composed of intelligent ear mark, routing node, gateway, remote server, etc. Pig farm monitoring center, government regulatory monitoring center composition. The intelligent ear mark collects data through the wireless Zig Bee network through the routing node, and the GPRS module in the gateway forwards the data to the remote server via Internet. The software system automatically alerts the abnormal pig data. Referring to the design of wearable heart rate monitoring for human, the heart rate sensor is designed by using photoelectric heart rate measurement method, using LED and light sensor, combining with filter circuit and amplifying circuit. At the same time, in order to determine the luminous wavelength of LED and the inductive wavelength of light sensor, blood samples were collected from the ears of pigs with different weights, and Langby's law was used. Based on the spectral absorbance law of Hb O 2 and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb), the causes of inaccurate measurement of heart rate sensor in moving state were analyzed based on the principle of photoelectric heart rate measurement. In addition, using the DMP (Digital Motion Processor) of attitude sensor MPU6050 to obtain stable posture data, and recognizing the inaccurate data collected by heart rate sensor. Finally, CC2530 with Zig Bee protocol is used to realize heart rate sensor and MPU6050 data reading by using ADC converter, I / O analog IIC protocol, and data transmission through Zig Bee network. The power consumption is reduced by using its PM2 (sleep) mode. An ear label which integrates heart rate and attitude monitoring was made to wear on pig ear. [results] the study showed that the spectral absorbance law was observed from Hb O 2 and Hb, taking into account the cost of electronic components, the universal rate, and the influence factors on the life of live pigs, etc. The effect of nm light on measuring the heart rate of live pigs is obvious. Compared with the traditional manual measurement method, the heart rate error of live pig heart rate sensor was 0.9, because the sleeping time of live pig was more than 75% and it was only active before and after eating. Therefore, heart rate sensor can monitor live pigs for a long time, especially using MPU6050 to monitor movement, so the system can monitor heart rate in static state and attitude monitoring in dynamic state. [conclusion] because the ear label is light in weight, small in volume, low in power consumption and accurate in measurement, it is convenient to monitor heart rate and posture of live pigs under static condition. Not only live pig survival state monitoring, but also the long-term monitoring of live pig heart rate. The passive monitoring mode of traditional RFID ear label is changed, which is of great significance to improve the welfare level of live pigs and enhance the government's supervision ability.
【作者单位】： 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所;江西省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所;江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所;江西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所;
【基金】：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303107) 江西省科技支撑项目(20141BBF60058、20144BBF60021) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-201X-AII-04)
【分类号】：S828;S818.9
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本文编号：2378389