复合微生物肥料对羊草草原植物群落物种多样性和生物量的影响

发布时间：2019-01-07 20:57

【摘要】：为了解草原植物群落物种多样性和植物地上生物量对施加复合微生物肥料的响应,在内蒙古呼伦贝尔羊草草原,分别设置对照(CK)、单施腐殖酸复合微生物肥料(F)、蜜糖发酵复合微生物肥料(T)、海藻酸复合微生物肥料(H)、3种复合微生物肥料混合施入(F+T+H)、腐殖酸加菌剂复合微生物肥料(F+J)和海藻酸加菌剂复合微生物肥料(H+J)7个处理,研究复合微生物肥料对草原群落植物物种多样性和植物地上生物量的影响。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,2014-2016年施加F、H植物群落特征无明显变化,施加F+T+H植物群落密度分别增加了26.72%、17.94%、34.64%,地上生物量分别增加了7.18%、49.97%、47.64%,其他施肥处理群落特征各年变化不同;(2)2014-2016年施加F植物群落主要物种的重要值无明显变化,施加T、H、F+T+H、H+J禾本科、豆科植物重要值增加,根茎型禾草(羊草等)对复合微生物肥料添加的响应显著高于丛生型禾草和莲座型菊科植物等草类;(3)2014-2016年施加F,Margalef指数分别比对照组减小了16.40%、5.22%、37.22%,施加H各指数无明显变化,施加F+T+H,Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数均增加;2014和2015年施加H+J的Pielou指数分别比对照组增高了7.62%、8.70%。上述结果说明,施加复合微生物肥料对羊草草原植物群落物种多样性和植物地上生物量有显著的影响,其中F+T+H植物群落物种多样性和植物地上生物量显著增加,此外还应充分考虑施肥年降水量,从而实现对草地资源的合理修复。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the response of plant community species diversity and plant aboveground biomass to the application of compound microbial fertilizer, in Hulunbeir Leymus chinensis grassland in Inner Mongolia, the control (CK), was applied to humic acid compound microbial fertilizer (F),. (T), alginate compound microbial Fertilizer (H), three kinds of compound microbial Fertilizer mixed with (F T H), The effects of humic acid plus microbial compound fertilizer (F J) and alginic acid plus bacteria compound microbial fertilizer (H J) on plant species diversity and aboveground biomass of grassland community were studied. The results showed that: (1) compared with the control group, there was no significant change in the plant community characteristics of F T H in 2014-2016, and the density of the plant community with F T H increased 26.722 ~ 17.94% ~ 34.64%, respectively. The aboveground biomass increased 7.18%, 49.97% and 47.64% respectively, and the community characteristics of other fertilization treatments varied from year to year. (2) there was no significant change in the important value of the main species of F community applied in 2014-2016, and the important value of legume plants increased with the application of THN F T H H J in Gramineae. The response of rhizomatous grasses (Leymus chinensis et al) to compound microbial fertilizer was significantly higher than that of herbaceous grasses and rosette composite plants. (3) compared with the control group, the FG Margalef index in 2014-2016 decreased by 16.40,5.22 and 37.22, but the indexes of H did not change significantly. The Shannon-Wiener index, the Pielou index and the F T H Margalef index were increased. (3) the FG Margalef index, the Shannon-Wiener index and the Pielou index were increased respectively in 2014-2016 compared with those in the control group. The Pielou index of 2014 and 2015 exposed to H J was 7.62 and 8.70 respectively higher than that of the control group. The results indicated that the application of compound microbial fertilizer had a significant effect on the plant community species diversity and plant aboveground biomass in Leymus chinensis grassland, in which the species diversity and plant aboveground biomass of F T H plant community increased significantly. In addition, the annual precipitation of fertilization should be fully taken into account in order to realize the reasonable restoration of grassland resources.
【作者单位】： 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所呼伦贝尔草原生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站;内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院;呼伦贝尔学院生命科学与化学学院;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303060) 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500601) 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610132016033,1610132016027) 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-35-11)资助
【分类号】：S812
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