益生菌安全性和有效性评价方法的研究进展

发布时间：2019-02-14 23:26

【摘要】：益生菌是指一类活的、摄入足够量就能够对人体产生有益作用的微生物,目前广泛应用于食品和饲料工业领域。随着市场上商品化益生菌的不断出现,如何评价一个菌株的安全性及有效性成为人们关注的问题。目前,益生菌的评价主要从安全性和有效性入手,安全性和有效性评价又包括体内和体外的评价。很多企业在开发益生菌产品时很少对菌株做出全面的安全性评价,而且各国研究者采用的评价指标和评价方法也不尽相同。对于有效性评价,同样也没有统一的评价标准。针对目前益生菌评价存在的问题,亟需建立一套完善的评价方法,对益生菌的安全性和有效性进行系统、科学地评价。作者从益生菌可能产生的潜在危害及功效方面出发,着重论述了益生菌的溶血性、毒力因子、抗生素抗性和产有毒代谢产物的体外安全性评价方法,耐酸、耐胆盐、耐人工胃肠液、胃肠黏膜黏附性和抑菌活性的体外有效性评价方法,及体内的安全性和有效性评价方法的研究进展,期望为建立完善的益生菌评价技术体系和标准提供参考。
[Abstract]:Probiotics are a kind of living microbes, which can benefit human body with sufficient intake. They are widely used in the field of food and feed industry. With the emergence of commercial probiotics in the market, how to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a strain has become a problem of concern. At present, the evaluation of probiotics mainly starts with safety and effectiveness, including in vivo and in vitro evaluation. When developing probiotic products, many enterprises seldom make comprehensive safety evaluation of the strains, and the evaluation indexes and methods used by researchers in different countries are not the same. For effectiveness evaluation, there is also no unified evaluation criteria. In view of the existing problems in probiotic evaluation, it is urgent to establish a set of perfect evaluation methods to systematically and scientifically evaluate the safety and effectiveness of probiotics. Based on the potential harm and efficacy of probiotics, the authors focus on the evaluation methods of probiotic hemolysis, virulence factor, antibiotic resistance and safety of toxic metabolites in vitro, acid tolerance and bile salt tolerance. The research progress of in vitro efficacy evaluation methods for the resistance to artificial gastrointestinal fluid, gastrointestinal mucosal adhesion and bacteriostatic activity, and in vivo safety and effectiveness evaluation methods, is expected to provide a reference for the establishment of a sound evaluation system and standards for probiotics.
【作者单位】：北京大伟嘉生物技术股份有限公司微生态制剂关键技术开发北京市工程实验室北京市饲用微生态制剂工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：基金项目:饲用微生物与酶制剂共性技术研发与服务平台建设(D161100006116001)
【分类号】：S816

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