断尾对脂尾型绵羊肉用性能、脂肪沉积及肝脏转录组差异基因表达的影响
发布时间：2019-02-15 21:55
【摘要】：脂尾型绵羊是在特定环境下,由于长期的环境胁迫作用使其进化形成在尾部特异性贮存脂肪的功能,通过尾部脂肪的沉积与动员,能够适应代谢能供给不断盈亏变化的营养环境。为了探究阻断脂尾型绵羊脂肪在尾部的特异性沉积对其肉用性能和脂肪沉积的影响,本研究选取兰州大尾羊和蒙古羊各18只,分别随机选取其中9只进行断尾作为试验组,未断尾羊为对照组。饲喂至15月龄时,屠宰所有试验用羊。测定试验羊的屠宰性能,并对从胴体上剥离的脂肪进行称重。本试验还选取试验羊12-13肋骨处的背最长肌为试验材料,测定其肉品质指标。同时采集兰州大尾羊的肝脏组织样品,运用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应技术(RT-qPCR),对本课题组利用RNA-Seq技术分析出的断尾处理下兰州大尾羊的肝脏差异表达基因的结果进行筛选验证,并将验证结果与胴体脂肪沉积量做相关性分析。本研究结果总结如下:(1)断尾有显著提高兰州大尾羊背膘厚和GR值的趋势(P0.10),对蒙古羊的屠宰性能无显著影响。屠宰性能在这两个品种间具有显著差异性。(2)断尾有显著降低兰州大尾羊羊肉的失水率、剪切力以及提高pH1的趋势(P0.10),对蒙古羊的羊肉品质无显著影响。兰州大尾羊的失水率和剪切力均显著低于蒙古羊(P0.05),而熟肉率和pH1显著高于蒙古羊(P0.05)。(3)断尾兰州大尾羊的臀部、睾丸、肠胃和内部的脂肪沉积量显著升高,总脂肪沉积量显著降低(P0.05)。断尾蒙古羊的总脂肪沉积量显著降低(P0.05)。脂肪沉积在这两个品种间具有显著差异性。(4)断尾后的兰州大尾羊SLC38A11和SMIM24基因的相对表达量显著升高(P0.05),ETTA2和TGM3基因的相对表达量显著下降(P0.05),TYMS基因的相对表达量有显著下降的趋势(P0.10),而PIM1基因的相对表达量无显著性变化。(5)SLC38A11基因的相对表达量与未断尾兰州大尾羊肠胃、内部的脂肪沉积量呈极显著正相关(P0.01),与尾臀部、肾周的脂肪沉积量呈显著正相关(P0.05);SMIM24基因的相对表达量与断尾兰州大尾羊睾丸、肾周的脂肪沉积量呈显著正相关(P0.05);EAAT2基因的相对表达量与断尾兰州大尾羊臀部、尾臀部的脂肪沉积量呈显著正相关(P0.05);PIM1基因的相对表达量与未断尾兰州大尾羊臀部脂肪沉积量呈显著负相关(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:Fat-tailed sheep evolve into tail-specific fat storage function in a specific environment because of long-term environmental stress, through the accumulation and mobilization of tail fat. Be able to adapt to metabolic energy supply of constantly changing nutritional environment. In order to investigate the effect of blocking fat deposition on meat performance and fat deposition in fat tail sheep, 18 large tail sheep and 18 Mongolian sheep were selected in this study, 9 of them were randomly selected as experimental group. Unbroken sheep were used as control group. All experimental sheep were slaughtered at the age of 15 months. The slaughter performance of the sheep was measured and the fat stripped from the carcass was weighed. The longissimus dorsi muscle at 12-13 ribs was selected as the test material to determine the meat quality index. At the same time, liver tissue samples of Lanzhou large tail sheep were collected and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used. The results of liver differentially expressed genes of Lanzhou large tail sheep were screened and verified by RNA-Seq technique, and the correlation between the results and carcass fat deposition was analyzed. The results were summarized as follows: (1) the trend of increasing backfat thickness and GR value significantly (P0. 10), but had no significant effect on slaughter performance of Mongolian sheep. The slaughter performance was significantly different between the two breeds. (2) the cut tail significantly decreased the water loss rate, shear stress and the trend of increasing pH1 (P0.10), but had no significant effect on the mutton quality of Mongolian sheep. The water loss rate and shear stress of Lanzhou large tail sheep were significantly lower than that of Mongolian sheep (P0.05), while the cooked meat rate and pH1 were significantly higher than those of Mongolian sheep (P0.05). (3). The amount of fat deposition in stomach and intestines was significantly increased and the total fat deposition was significantly decreased (P 0.05). The total fat deposition decreased significantly (P0.05). There was significant difference in fat deposition between the two breeds. (4) the relative expression of SLC38A11 and SMIM24 genes increased significantly (P0.05), and the relative expression of ETTA2 and TGM3 genes decreased significantly (P0.05). The relative expression of TYMS gene tended to decrease significantly (P0.10), but the relative expression of PIM1 gene had no significant change. (5) the relative expression of SLC38A11 gene was significantly higher than that of unsevered Lanzhou large tail sheep. There was a significant positive correlation between internal fat deposition and tail buttocks and perirenal fat deposition (P0.01). The relative expression of SMIM24 gene was positively correlated with the amount of fat deposition in testis and perirenal tissues of Lanzhou large tail sheep (P0.05). The relative expression of EAAT2 gene was positively correlated with the fat deposition in the buttocks and buttocks of Lanzhou large tail sheep (P0.05). The relative expression of PIM1 gene was negatively correlated with the fat deposition in the buttocks of Lanzhou large tail sheep (P0.05).
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826
本文编号：2423733
[Abstract]:Fat-tailed sheep evolve into tail-specific fat storage function in a specific environment because of long-term environmental stress, through the accumulation and mobilization of tail fat. Be able to adapt to metabolic energy supply of constantly changing nutritional environment. In order to investigate the effect of blocking fat deposition on meat performance and fat deposition in fat tail sheep, 18 large tail sheep and 18 Mongolian sheep were selected in this study, 9 of them were randomly selected as experimental group. Unbroken sheep were used as control group. All experimental sheep were slaughtered at the age of 15 months. The slaughter performance of the sheep was measured and the fat stripped from the carcass was weighed. The longissimus dorsi muscle at 12-13 ribs was selected as the test material to determine the meat quality index. At the same time, liver tissue samples of Lanzhou large tail sheep were collected and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used. The results of liver differentially expressed genes of Lanzhou large tail sheep were screened and verified by RNA-Seq technique, and the correlation between the results and carcass fat deposition was analyzed. The results were summarized as follows: (1) the trend of increasing backfat thickness and GR value significantly (P0. 10), but had no significant effect on slaughter performance of Mongolian sheep. The slaughter performance was significantly different between the two breeds. (2) the cut tail significantly decreased the water loss rate, shear stress and the trend of increasing pH1 (P0.10), but had no significant effect on the mutton quality of Mongolian sheep. The water loss rate and shear stress of Lanzhou large tail sheep were significantly lower than that of Mongolian sheep (P0.05), while the cooked meat rate and pH1 were significantly higher than those of Mongolian sheep (P0.05). (3). The amount of fat deposition in stomach and intestines was significantly increased and the total fat deposition was significantly decreased (P 0.05). The total fat deposition decreased significantly (P0.05). There was significant difference in fat deposition between the two breeds. (4) the relative expression of SLC38A11 and SMIM24 genes increased significantly (P0.05), and the relative expression of ETTA2 and TGM3 genes decreased significantly (P0.05). The relative expression of TYMS gene tended to decrease significantly (P0.10), but the relative expression of PIM1 gene had no significant change. (5) the relative expression of SLC38A11 gene was significantly higher than that of unsevered Lanzhou large tail sheep. There was a significant positive correlation between internal fat deposition and tail buttocks and perirenal fat deposition (P0.01). The relative expression of SMIM24 gene was positively correlated with the amount of fat deposition in testis and perirenal tissues of Lanzhou large tail sheep (P0.05). The relative expression of EAAT2 gene was positively correlated with the fat deposition in the buttocks and buttocks of Lanzhou large tail sheep (P0.05). The relative expression of PIM1 gene was negatively correlated with the fat deposition in the buttocks of Lanzhou large tail sheep (P0.05).
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826
【参考文献】
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1 闫振龙;温建维;赵生国;朱灿灿;李路;韩志磊;王白雪;刘英;吴建平;;兰州大尾羊尾巴的形态特征与断尾方法研究[J];甘肃农业大学学报;2014年06期
，本文编号：2423733
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