狐、貉胴体营养成分分析的研究

发布时间：2019-03-27 20:43

【摘要】：本试验旨在测定及分析狐、貉副产品的常规营养成分、氨基酸含量、矿物质元素及重金属含量和脂肪酸类别,为开发利用其副产品提供依据。试验以昌黎地区养殖的相同品种,不同来源的狐狸、貉子为原料。将屠体分解制备胴体后,取一半胴体与去除肠道内容物后的一半内脏分别粉碎后充分混合。按国家标准测定粉碎、混合后狐、貉胴体中常规营养成分、氨基酸含量、矿物质元素及重金属含量和脂肪酸类别。研究结果如下:(1)不同饲养水平对狐、貉胴体中矿物质影响较小,对其他常规营养成分影响较大;(2)狐、貉胴体中蛋白质、油脂、钙磷都处于较高水平,因此营养价值相对较高;狐胴体中蛋白质略高于貉胴体,但貉胴体中脂肪酸含量较狐胴体高9.4%,因此貉胴体相较于狐胴体有更高的营养价值。(3)狐胴体中氨基酸含量整体高于貉胴体,且配比较为合理。貉胴体氨基酸含量虽低于狐胴体,但其含量相对于其他动物较高,两者都是很好的蛋白质饲料。(4)狐狸、貉胴体中存在着大量的微量元素,且相对于同是犬科动物的狗除锰元素外其他微量元素均高出很多;狐、貉油脂中锰含量较为接近标准。(5)狐、貉油脂中必需脂肪酸油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸占总脂肪酸的64.36%和64.08%,且油酸在狐、貉中分别达到28.94 g/100 g和26.86 g/100 g,亚油酸分别到达到21.22 g/100 g和19.49 g/100 g,因此狐、貉油脂是很好的必需脂肪酸添加剂,可以满足动物对必需脂肪酸的需求。(6)狐、貉胴体及油脂含有较高比例的蛋白质和油脂,且具有很高的营养价值,加之并未发现重金属含量超标的现象,从营养角度来看可以放心的作为动物源性饲料使用,以增加其经济价值和巨大的社会效益。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this experiment was to determine and analyze the conventional nutritional composition, amino acid content, mineral element, heavy metal content and fatty acid category of fox and raccoon dog by-products, and to provide basis for exploitation and utilization of by-products. In the experiment, the same breed, fox and raccoon from different sources were used as raw materials in Changli area. After the carcass was decomposed and prepared, half of the carcass and half of the viscera after removing the intestinal contents were crushed and fully mixed. The contents of nutrients, amino acids, mineral elements, heavy metals and fatty acids in the carcass of crushed, mixed fox and raccoon dog were determined according to the national standard. The results were as follows: (1) different feeding levels had little effect on minerals in the carcass of foxes and raccoon dogs, but had a greater effect on other conventional nutritional components. (2) the protein, fat, calcium and phosphorus in the carcass of fox and raccoon dog are all in high level, so the nutritional value is relatively high; The protein content of fox carcass was slightly higher than that of raccoon dog carcass, but the fatty acid content of raccoon dog carcass was 9.4% higher than that of fox carcass, so the fatty acid content of raccoon dog carcass was higher than that of fox carcass. (3) the amino acid content of fox carcass was higher than that of raccoon dog carcass as a whole. And the proportion is more reasonable. Although the amino acid content of raccoon dog carcass is lower than that of fox carcass, the content of amino acid of raccoon dog carcass is higher than that of other animals, both of them are good protein fodder. (4) there are a lot of trace elements in the carcass of fox and raccoon dog. The content of other trace elements in dogs, except manganese, was much higher than that in dogs of the same family of canines. (5) the essential fatty acid oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid account for 64.36% and 64.08% of the total fatty acids in the fat of raccoon dogs, and oleic acid is in the fox. The content of linoleic acid and linoleic acid in raccoon dogs were 28.94 g / 100 g and 26.86 g / 100 g, respectively, and linoleic acid was 21.22 g / 100 g and 19.49 g / 100 g, respectively. Therefore, fox and raccoon dog fat was a good essential fatty acid additive. (6) Fox, raccoon dog carcass and fat contain a high proportion of protein and fat, and have high nutritional value. In addition, no heavy metal content is found to exceed the standard. From the point of view of nutrition, it can be safely used as animal-derived feed to increase its economic value and great social benefits.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S816

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