氮沉降对内蒙古典型草原地表节肢动物的影响

发布时间：2019-04-25 18:28

【摘要】：了解氮沉降增加背景下草原生态系统结构和功能的响应特征,是研发草原可持续管理措施的基础。目前内蒙古典型草原有关氮沉降增加的研究主要集中在植物群落,而对土壤动物影响的研究较少。通过在内蒙古典型草原连续5年的养分添加实验,研究了地表节肢动物对不同氮添加(N_0、N_(2.5)、N_5、N_(10))处理的响应,并分析了4种氮添加处理下地表节肢动物与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,氮输入增加后,地表节肢动物群落的多样性并没有显著降低(P0.05),群落多度也没有显著增加(P0.05),仅在低氮处理下,群落生物量显著高于对照(P0.05)。不同地表节肢动物功能群对各水平N添加的响应均不太敏感,捕食性、杂食性、腐食性功能群动物的生物量对N添加都没有显著响应(P0.05),仅植食性动物的生物量在低氮和高氮处理显著高于对照(P0.05)。回归分析表明,植食性节肢动物的多度和生物量主要受植物叶氮含量显著影响(P0.05),而腐食性节肢动物的多度、生物量和类群数受土壤有机碳显著影响(P0.05)。研究表明,温带典型草原地表节肢动物对氮添加的响应受其食物来源影响,明显滞后于植物群落;不同功能群对氮添加有不同响应形式,是群落水平响应较弱的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Understanding the response characteristics of grassland ecosystem structure and function under the background of increasing nitrogen deposition is the basis of developing sustainable grassland management measures. At present, the studies on the increase of nitrogen deposition in typical steppe of Inner Mongolia are mainly focused on plant communities, but less on the effects on soil animals. The responses of surface arthropods to different nitrogen treatments (N _ 0, N _ (2.5), N _ (2. 5), N _ (10) were studied by nutrient addition experiments in typical steppe of Inner Mongolia for 5 consecutive years. The relationship between surface arthropods and environmental factors under four nitrogen treatments was also analyzed. The results showed that after nitrogen input increased, the diversity of arthropod community did not decrease significantly (P0.05), and the community abundance did not increase significantly (P0.05), only under low nitrogen treatment. The biomass of the community was significantly higher than that of the control (P0.05). The responses of different surface arthropod functional groups to N addition were not very sensitive, and the biomass of predatory, omnivorous and saprophytic functional groups had no significant response to N addition (P0.05). The biomass of only phytophagous animals in low and high nitrogen treatments was significantly higher than that in the control (P0.05). Regression analysis showed that the abundance and biomass of phytophagous arthropods were significantly affected by the nitrogen content of plant leaves (P0.05), while the abundance, biomass and population number of saprophytic arthropods were significantly affected by soil organic carbon (P0.05). The results showed that the response of arthropods to nitrogen addition in typical temperate steppe was influenced by their food sources and obviously lagged behind the plant community, and that different functional groups had different response forms to nitrogen addition, which was the main reason for the weak response of community level to nitrogen addition.
【作者单位】：内蒙古大学生态与环境学院;内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院;内蒙古大学中美生态能源及可持续性科学研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31160119,31370454) 国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC09B03) 内蒙古重大基础研究开放课题(20120903)资助
【分类号】：S812

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