应用体外产气法和尼龙袋法评价几种粮食加工副产物的营养价值

发布时间：2019-04-26 01:24

【摘要】：本试验旨在应用体外产气法和尼龙袋法评价4种粮食加工副产物玉米纤维饲料、大豆皮、甜菜粕和豆渣的营养价值。从东北地区不同牧场和加工厂采集了4种副产物,以3头安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康荷斯坦奶牛作为瘤胃液供体动物,研究不同副产物的瘤胃发酵特性和降解特性。结果表明:(1)甜菜粕体外发酵48 h的总产气量最高,较大豆皮、玉米纤维饲料和豆渣分别提高3.0%、18.7%和23.5%(P0.05);玉米纤维饲料体外发酵48 h的乙酸含量最高,其余依次为大豆皮、甜菜粕和豆渣,其中甜菜粕和豆渣的乙酸含量差异不显著(P0.05);玉米纤维饲料体外发酵48 h的丙酸含量最高,其余依次为大豆皮、豆渣和甜菜粕;体外发酵48 h的NH_3-N浓度由高到低依次为豆渣、甜菜粕、玉米纤维饲料和大豆皮,豆渣较其他几种副产物分别提高25.9%、75.2%和99.8%(P0.05)。(2)豆渣的干物质有效降解率(ED_(DM))最高,其余依次为玉米纤维饲料、甜菜粕和大豆皮,豆渣的ED_(DM)高于大豆皮48.4%(P0.05);豆渣的中性洗涤纤维有效降解率(EDNDF)最高,分别较甜菜粕、玉米纤维饲料和大豆皮提高43.1%、46.8%和78.7%(P0.05);粗蛋白质有效降解率(ED_(CP))由高到低依次为甜菜粕、大豆皮、玉米纤维饲料和豆渣。研究结果表明,几种副产物均具有丰富的营养成分。豆渣可以作为奶牛的蛋白源饲料,玉米纤维饲料在提供能量方面具有优势,甜菜粕的消化性能最好。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the nutritional value of corn fiber feed, soybean peel, beet meal and soybean dregs of four by-products of grain processing by in vitro gas production and nylon bag method. Four by-products were collected from different pastures and processing plants in northeast China. Three healthy Holstein cows with permanent rumen fistula were used as rumen fluid donors to study the rumen fermentation and degradation characteristics of different by-products. The results showed that: (1) the total gas production of beet meal fermented in vitro for 48 h was the highest, which was 3.0%, 18.7% and 23.5% higher than that of soybean peel, corn fiber feed and soybean residue, respectively (P0.05). The acetic acid content of corn fiber feed fermented in vitro for 48 h was the highest, and the others were soybean peel, beet meal and soybean dregs, in which there was no significant difference in acetic acid content between beet meal and soybean dregs (P0.05). The content of propionic acid in corn fiber feed fermented in vitro for 48 h was the highest, and the others were soybean peel, soybean residue and beet meal in turn. The NH_3-N concentrations of soybean residue, beet meal, corn fiber feed, soybean peel and soybean dregs were increased by 25.9% compared with other by-products from high to low for 48 h in vitro fermentation. 75.2% and 99.8% (P0.05). (2) showed the highest dry matter degradation rate (ED_ (DM), and the others were corn fiber feed, beet meal and soybean peel, and the others were corn fiber feed, beet meal and soybean peel. The ED_ (DM) of soybean residue was higher than that of soybean peel (48.4%) (P0.05). The effective degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber (EDNDF) of soybean dregs was the highest, which was 43.1%, 46.8% and 78.7% higher than that of beet meal, corn fiber feed and soybean peel, respectively (P0.05). The effective degradation rate of crude protein (ED_ (CP) from high to low was beet meal, soybean skin, corn fiber feed and soybean dregs. The results showed that all of the by-products were rich in nutrients. Soybean dregs can be used as protein feed for dairy cows, corn fiber feed has advantages in providing energy, and the digestion performance of beet meal is the best.
【作者单位】：东北农业大学动物科学技术学院;
【基金】：基金项目:国家奶牛产业体系(CARS-37)
【分类号】：S816.15

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