短期或长期饲喂高水平豌豆纤维对猪盲肠微生物群落结构和代谢产物的影响
发布时间：2019-05-19 08:48
【摘要】：旨在探讨短期或长期饲喂高水平豌豆纤维(Pea fiber,PF)对猪盲肠细菌群落结构和主要代谢产物的影响。选取50头初始体重为(7.2±0.5)kg的28日龄健康断奶杜洛克×长白×大约克仔猪,按体重无差异原则随机分为2组,每组5个圈,每圈5头仔猪。处理组猪按断奶期(试验开始至断奶后30d)、生长期(断奶后30至90d)和育肥期(断奶后90至160d)3个不同生理阶段猪对日粮纤维的耐受量,分别饲喂含10%、20%、30%PF的饲粮。对照组猪饲喂基础饲粮。在第一阶段(仔猪)和试验结束时(育肥猪)屠宰,采集盲肠食糜。以454高通量测序结合real-time PCR方法检测微生物群落结构。气相色谱法检测盲肠食糜中挥发性脂肪酸含量。结果表明:1)日粮中长期或短期饲喂高水平PF对猪ADFI和ADG均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)长期饲喂PF显著增加猪盲肠中总挥发性脂肪酸含量,显著降低丙酸比例(P0.05);3)高通量测序分析表明,与对照组相比,短期饲喂PF的仔猪盲肠中Firmicutes门比例下降5.6%,Proteobacteria门比例增加4.3%;长期饲喂PF的肥育猪盲肠中Bacteroidetes门比例增加4.8%,Firmicutes门比例下降6.8%,采食PF后猪盲肠中存在独有优势菌属。4)Real-time PCR结果进一步证实,与对照组相比,短期饲喂PF可显著增加仔猪盲肠中总细菌、Bacteroides-Prevotella-Porphyromonas(BPP)、Enterococcus、Clostridiumcluster IV的拷贝数(P0.05),极显著增加Bacteroidetes、Lactobacillus和Desulfovibrio desulfuricans数量(P0.01),极显著降低Firmicutes数量(P0.01);长期饲喂PF可极显著增加肥育猪盲肠中D.desulfuricans数量(P≤0.01),显著降低总细菌、BPP、Helicobacter-Flexispira-Wollinella(HFW)数量(P0.05),极显著降低Enterococcus、Streptococcus和Clostridium cluster I数量(P≤0.01)。因此,猪后肠细菌群落(尤其是氢营养菌)可对日粮中高水平的PF做出迅速响应,短链脂肪酸比例的变化暗示这种菌群结构的改变与后肠微生物发酵方式的改变有关。日粮中添加高水平PF虽然可降低盲肠中条件致病菌(如Streptococcus)并提高有益菌(如Lactobacillus)的数量,但很可能不利于盲肠微生物发酵产生丁酸。
[Abstract]:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term or long-term feeding of high level pea fiber (Pea fiber,PF) on bacterial community structure and main metabolites in pig cecum. Fifty 28-day-old weanling Duroc 脳 Changbai 脳 York piglets with initial body weight of (7.2 卤0.5) kg were randomly divided into two groups with 5 circles in each group and 5 piglets in each lap according to the principle of no difference in body weight. The pigs in the treatment group were fed 10% and 20% of dietary fiber tolerance to dietary fiber at three different physiological stages: weanling period (from the beginning of the experiment to 30 days after weanling), growing period (30 to 90 days after weanling) and fattening period (90 to 160 days after weanling). 30%PF diet. The pigs in the control group were fed with basic diet. At the end of the first stage (piglets) and at the end of the trial (fattening pigs), cecum chyme was collected. The microbial community structure was detected by high throughput sequencing and real-time PCR. The content of volatile fatty acids in cecum chyme was determined by gas chromatography. The results showed that: 1) long-term or short-term diet of high level PF had no significant effect on ADFI and ADG of pigs (P 0.05). 2) long-term feeding of PF significantly increased the content of total volatile fatty acids in cecum of pigs and significantly decreased the proportion of propionic acid (P 0.05). 3) High throughput sequencing analysis showed that compared with the control group, the proportion of firmicutes in cecum of piglets fed with PF decreased by 5.6%, and the proportion of Proteobacia increased by 4.3%. The proportion of Bacteroidetes in the cecum of finishing pigs fed with PF for a long time increased by 4.8%, while the proportion of firmicutes decreased by 6.8%. 4) the results of Real-time PCR further confirmed that compared with the control group, there were unique dominant bacteria in the cecum of pigs fed with PF. Short-term feeding with PF significantly increased the total bacteria in caecum of piglets, the copy number of Bacteroides-Prevotella-Porphyromonas (BPP), Enterococcus,Clostridiumcluster IV (P05), the number of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillus and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (P01), and the number of Firmicutes (P01). Long-term feeding of PF significantly increased the number of D.desulfuricans in cecum of finishing pigs (P 鈮，
本文编号：2480581
[Abstract]:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term or long-term feeding of high level pea fiber (Pea fiber,PF) on bacterial community structure and main metabolites in pig cecum. Fifty 28-day-old weanling Duroc 脳 Changbai 脳 York piglets with initial body weight of (7.2 卤0.5) kg were randomly divided into two groups with 5 circles in each group and 5 piglets in each lap according to the principle of no difference in body weight. The pigs in the treatment group were fed 10% and 20% of dietary fiber tolerance to dietary fiber at three different physiological stages: weanling period (from the beginning of the experiment to 30 days after weanling), growing period (30 to 90 days after weanling) and fattening period (90 to 160 days after weanling). 30%PF diet. The pigs in the control group were fed with basic diet. At the end of the first stage (piglets) and at the end of the trial (fattening pigs), cecum chyme was collected. The microbial community structure was detected by high throughput sequencing and real-time PCR. The content of volatile fatty acids in cecum chyme was determined by gas chromatography. The results showed that: 1) long-term or short-term diet of high level PF had no significant effect on ADFI and ADG of pigs (P 0.05). 2) long-term feeding of PF significantly increased the content of total volatile fatty acids in cecum of pigs and significantly decreased the proportion of propionic acid (P 0.05). 3) High throughput sequencing analysis showed that compared with the control group, the proportion of firmicutes in cecum of piglets fed with PF decreased by 5.6%, and the proportion of Proteobacia increased by 4.3%. The proportion of Bacteroidetes in the cecum of finishing pigs fed with PF for a long time increased by 4.8%, while the proportion of firmicutes decreased by 6.8%. 4) the results of Real-time PCR further confirmed that compared with the control group, there were unique dominant bacteria in the cecum of pigs fed with PF. Short-term feeding with PF significantly increased the total bacteria in caecum of piglets, the copy number of Bacteroides-Prevotella-Porphyromonas (BPP), Enterococcus,Clostridiumcluster IV (P05), the number of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillus and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (P01), and the number of Firmicutes (P01). Long-term feeding of PF significantly increased the number of D.desulfuricans in cecum of finishing pigs (P 鈮，
本文编号：2480581
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