不同精粗比日粮对三个年龄阶段伊犁马养分消化代谢的影响

发布时间：2019-06-04 17:56

【摘要】：掌握马匹营养需要量是制定马匹饲养标准的重要依据,目前我国尚未制定马饲养标准。本论文通过研究不同精粗比日粮对半岁、1岁和2岁年龄阶段伊犁马养分消化代谢的影响,从而确定育成期伊犁马营养需要量,为伊犁马实现科学饲养提供参考数据。试验一:选用半岁断奶马驹20匹,按体重相近原则分为4组,每组5匹,每组饲喂粉碎苜蓿4kg/d,精料补充料饲喂量(g/d)分别为400、600、800和1000。试验结果表明:半岁马日增重呈逐渐上升趋势。试验IV组日增重达0.94 kg/d。试验III组CP、ADF、Ca和P消化率最高。Ca保留量、保留率呈上升趋势。P保留量和保留率呈先上升后下降的趋势。结论:半岁伊犁马DP需要量为10.18g/kg BW0.75,摄入N与N保留的拟合方程为Y=0.5065X-0.7576(R2=0.6494),CP消化率维持在70%左右;消化能需要量为1.45-1.57 MJ/kg BW0.75;摄入能量与代谢能的拟合方程为Y=0.4035X-2.661(R2=0.4035);Ca需要量为971 mg/kg BW0.75,摄入Ca与Ca保留的拟合方程为Y=0.6186X-208.25(R2=0.7033);P需要量为150 mg/kg BW0.75。试验二:选用1岁伊犁马16匹,按体重相近原则分为两组,每组8匹,采取分期分组进行消化代谢试验。第一期分为试验I组(精粗比0:100)和试验II组(精粗比12.5:87.5);第二期分为试验III组(精粗比21.25:78.75)和试验IV组(精粗比30:70)。试验结果表明:随精粗比例提高,DM、OM、CP、P消化量(率)呈不同程度提高。与试验I组相比,N保留率分别提高了39.78%(P0.05)、90.57%(P0.01)和86.54%(P0.01)。P保留率分别提高了51.67%、87.35%和88.36%。结论:1岁伊犁马DP需要量为8.87 g/kg BW0.75,摄入N与N保留的拟合方程为Y=0.9435X-1.5702(R2=0.3701);消化能需要量为1.79 MJ/kg BW0.75;Ca需要量为1035 mg/kg BW0.75,摄入Ca与Ca保留的拟合方程为Y=0.9958X-630.68(R2=0.7033);P需要量为389 mg/kg BW0.75,摄入P与P保留的拟合方程为Y=0.4479X-43.818(R2=0.8934)。试验三:选用2岁伊犁马16匹,按体重相近原则分为两组,每组8匹,采取分期分组进行消化代谢试验。第一期分为试验I组(精粗比0:100)和试验II组(精粗比7.8:92.2);第二期分为试验III组(精粗比18.9:88.1)和试验IV组(精粗比26.7:63.3)。试验结果表明:DM与OM消化量(率)无明显变化;尿能、消化能和代谢能无明显变化(P0.05)。CP、P消化量(率)随精粗比例升高而升高。N、P保留量和保留率先升高后下降。结论:2岁伊犁马DP需要量为8.89 g/kg BW0.75,摄入N与N保留的拟合方程为Y=1.1722X-1.9948(R2=0.4916);消化能需要量为1.76 MJ/kg BW0.75;Ca需要量为995 mg/kg BW0.75,摄入Ca与Ca保留的拟合方程为Y=0.8515X-526.87(R2=0.3554);P需要量为389 mg/kg BW0.75,摄入P与P保留的拟合方程为Y=0.3818X-30.703(R2=0.8054)。
[Abstract]:Mastering the nutritional requirements of horses is an important basis for the establishment of horse feeding standards, but there is no horse feeding standard in our country at present. In this paper, the effects of different ratio of concentrate to thickness on nutrient digestion and metabolism of Yili horses at half, 1 and 2 years of age were studied, so as to determine the nutritional requirements of Yili horses in the breeding stage, and to provide reference data for the scientific breeding of Yili horses. Experiment 1: 20 half-year-old weanling foals were divided into 4 groups according to the principle of similar body weight, 5 in each group. Each group was fed with crushed Medicago sativa 4 kg / d, and the feeding amount of concentrate supplement (g / d) was 400600800 and 1000, respectively. The results showed that the daily weight gain of half-year-old horse showed a gradual upward trend. The daily gain of IV group was 0.94 kg/d.. In III group, the digestibility of CP,ADF,Ca and P was the highest. The retention rate of Ca increased. The retention rate of P increased at first and then decreased. Conclusion: the fitting equation for DP requirement of half year old Yili horse is Y=0.5065X-0.7576 (R2 鈮，

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