不同增钙模式对蛋鸡生产性能、胫骨质量和蛋品质的影响
发布时间：2019-06-10 06:55
【摘要】：目前,我国现行《鸡的饲养标准》和NRC(1994)家禽营养需要量中只对青年鸡和产蛋鸡饲粮中钙的需要量提供参考,然而对初产蛋鸡到产蛋高峰这段过渡期蛋鸡日粮中钙的添加量没有明确的标准。因此,本试验通过在蛋鸡日粮中给予不同的增钙模式,研究其对初产蛋鸡生产性能、血液生化指标、胫骨质量和蛋品质的影响,确定初产蛋鸡在18周龄和产蛋率分别达5%、50%、90%时的日粮最佳的钙的添加量,为蛋鸡日粮中合理的使用钙提供理论依据和参考。试验采用随机单因素方差设计,选取18周龄海兰灰商品蛋鸡480只,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ4个处理组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只。不同处理组在基础日粮(玉米-豆粕型)中添加不同水平的钙,使各组蛋鸡18周龄、产蛋率达5%、50%、90%时日粮的增钙模式分别为:Ⅰ组2.0%、2.2%、2.4%、3.75%;Ⅱ组2.0%、2.5%、3.0%、3.75%;Ⅲ组2.0%、3.0%、3.75%、3.75%;Ⅳ组2.0%、3.75%、3.75%、3.75%。试验期10周,其中预饲期1周,正试期9周。试验结果表明:①试验Ⅲ组产蛋率最高,与Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ组相比分别提高了8.71%(P0.05)、4.01%(P0.05)、5.81%(P0.05);蛋重各组之间差异不显著(P0.05);采食量Ⅰ组显著高于其他处理组(P0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组间差异不显著(P0.05)。料蛋比各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。软破壳畸形蛋率Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组差异不显著(P0.05),但是Ⅰ组显著高于其他处理组(P0.05)。②耻骨间距Ⅰ组显著低于其他处理组(P0.05);髋骨宽Ⅲ、Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P0.05);体斜长、胸骨长、胫骨长和胫围各组间无显著差异(P0.05)。胫骨强度试验Ⅲ组最大,较试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ分别提高了21.05%(P0.05)、14.63%(P0.05)、7.68%(P0.05)。胫骨质量与钙含量试验Ⅲ组显著高于试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P0.05)。胫骨指数、胫骨磷含量各试验组差异不显著。③产蛋率达50%时,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血钙含量依次降低,其中试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组显著高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P0.05);产蛋率达90%时,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血钙含量依次升高,Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P0.05),与Ⅲ组无显著差异(P0.05)。产蛋率达50%时,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血磷含量依次降低,Ⅰ组比Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别高出21.84%(P0.05)、35.95%(P0.05)和51.20%(P0.05);产蛋率达90%时,血磷含量各组间无显著差异(P0.05)。产蛋全期,血清PTH含量Ⅲ和Ⅳ组均显著低于Ⅰ组(P0.05)。血清CT含量,产蛋率达50%和90%时Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P0.05)和Ⅱ组(P0.05)。产蛋率达50%时,血清BGP含量,各组间无显著差异(P0.05);但是产蛋率达90%时,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组显著低于Ⅰ组(P0.05),与Ⅱ组无显著差异(P0.05)。④当产蛋率达50%时,蛋壳钙含量试验Ⅲ组显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P0.05),与Ⅱ、Ⅳ组间差异不显著(P0.05);蛋壳重、蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度、蛋重、蛋黄颜色、蛋白高度,各组间差异不显著(P0.05);蛋壳颜色Ⅲ组最均匀。当产蛋率达90%时,蛋壳钙含量Ⅲ组显著高于试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P0.05),但与Ⅳ组间差异不显著(P0.05);蛋壳重、蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度试验Ⅲ组值最高,显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),与Ⅱ、Ⅳ组差异不显著(P0.05);蛋重、蛋黄颜色、蛋白高度各组间差异不显著(P0.05);蛋壳亮度Ⅲ组显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ组(P0.05),且均匀。上述结果表明:当蛋鸡5%、50%、90%产蛋率日粮钙水平分别为3.0%、3.75%和3.75%时,有助于促进蛋鸡的生产性能和稳定骨骼质量,同时提高蛋品质和蛋壳质量,减少鸡蛋的破损率。
[Abstract]:At present, only the amount of calcium in the diet of young chicken and egg-laying hens is provided in China's current and NRC (1994) poultry nutrition requirements. However, there is no clear criteria for the amount of calcium in the period of the early-stage laying hen to the egg-laying peak. The effects of different calcium-increasing patterns on the production performance, blood biochemical index, the quality of the tibia and the quality of the egg were studied in the diets of the laying hens. The results showed that the egg-laying hens were 5% and 50% at the 18-week-old and the egg-laying rate, respectively. The best calcium content in daily ration during the period of 90% was used to provide the theoretical basis and reference for the rational use of calcium in the laying hen's daily ration. The random single factor variance design was used in the experiment. The 480-week-old and 18-week-old egg-laying hens were randomly divided into four groups: 鈪，
本文编号：2496265
[Abstract]:At present, only the amount of calcium in the diet of young chicken and egg-laying hens is provided in China's current and NRC (1994) poultry nutrition requirements. However, there is no clear criteria for the amount of calcium in the period of the early-stage laying hen to the egg-laying peak. The effects of different calcium-increasing patterns on the production performance, blood biochemical index, the quality of the tibia and the quality of the egg were studied in the diets of the laying hens. The results showed that the egg-laying hens were 5% and 50% at the 18-week-old and the egg-laying rate, respectively. The best calcium content in daily ration during the period of 90% was used to provide the theoretical basis and reference for the rational use of calcium in the laying hen's daily ration. The random single factor variance design was used in the experiment. The 480-week-old and 18-week-old egg-laying hens were randomly divided into four groups: 鈪，
本文编号：2496265
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/dongwuyixue/2496265.html
