过瘤胃甜菜碱对湖羊生产性能和肉品质的影响
发布时间：2019-06-12 19:23
【摘要】：本研究包括3个部分,旨在研究饲粮中添加甜菜碱对湖羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血液生化指标、瘤胃内环境、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响,研究结果如下：试验一、研究了饲粮中添加过瘤胃甜菜碱对湖羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率的影响。试验选用60只湖羊,平均体重为30.47±2.04kg。随机分成5组,每组12只。在基础日粮中分别添加未包被甜菜碱和过瘤胃甜菜碱,共分为对照组(Con)、2g过瘤胃甜菜碱组(RPB-2)、2.2g甜菜碱组(B-2.2)、4g过瘤胃甜菜碱组(RPB-4)、6g过瘤胃甜菜碱组(RPB-6)。正试验期60d。结果表明：1)与Con组、B-2.2组相比,RPB-2,RPB-4和RPB-6组对湖羊平均日采食量无显著性差异(P0.05),但能显著提高平均日增重(P0.01),并显著降低料重比(P0.01)；2)各组间对于物质、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率无显著影响(P0.05)。试验二、研究了饲粮中添加过瘤胃甜菜碱对湖羊血液生化指标和瘤胃发酵特性的影响。结果表明：1)与对照组和B-2.2组相比,显著降低了血清中尿素氮、总胆固醇、甘油三酯的含量(P0.05),显著提高了血清中总蛋白和低密度脂蛋白的含量(P0.05),高密度脂蛋白含量差异不显著(P0.05)。2)各组间瘤胃液pH值、NH3-N浓度和总VFA的浓度无显著性影响。试验三、研究了饲粮中添加过瘤胃甜菜碱对湖羊屠宰性能、肉品质、肌肉氨基酸含量、脂肪酸组成和肌苷酸含量的影响。在饲养试验结束后每组随机选取5只羊进行屠宰试验。结果表明：1)与Con组和B-2.2组相比,RPB组能显著提高肉羊宰前活重和胴体重(P0.05)。各组间的屠宰率、背膘和眼肌面积均无显著性差异(P0.05)。2)与Con组、B-2.2组相比,RPB组能显著提高背最长肌肉色的a*值(P0.05),能够显著降低肩肌和背最长肌的剪切力(P0.05)；同时,与Con组相比,RPB组能显著降低肩肌和臀肌的失水率(P0.05),RPB组显著提高肩肌、臀肌和背最长肌的pH(P0.05)。3)各试验组间对肩肌、臀肌和背最长肌中脂肪、粗水分的含量无显著性差异(P0.05),与Con组相比,RPB-4能显著提高肩肌中CP的含量(P0.05)。4)各组对肉羊肩肌和臀肌中的风味氨基酸和总氨基酸含量无显著性差异(P0.05),但均随着RPB的添加量呈现增加的趋势。与Con组、B-2.2组相比,RPB组极显著提高肉羊背最长肌中风味氨基酸和总氨基酸的含量(P0.01)。5)各组间对肉羊肩肌中的SFA、UFA、MUFA和PUFA的含量无显著性影响(P0.05)；与Con组、B-2.2组相比,RPB组显著提高肉羊臀肌中PUFA的含量(P0.01),对臀肌中的SFA、UFA、MUFA的含量无显著性差异(P0.05)。与Con组和B-2.2相比,RPB-4组显著降低肉羊背最长肌中SFA的含量(P0.05),显著提高肉羊背最长肌中的UFA、PUFA和MUFA的含量(P0.05)。6)各组对肩肌和臀肌中的肌苷酸无显著影响(P0.05)。与Con组、B-2.2组相比,RPB组极显著提高了背最长肌中的肌苷酸含量(P0.01)。7)各组间肉羊肩肌和臀肌中MDA的含量、GSH-PX、SOD和CAT的活力无显著性(P0.05),与其他各组相比,RPB-4组能显著提高背最长肌GSH-PX、SOD和CAT活力(P0.05),并降低MDA的含量(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of the addition of betaine on the growth performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, blood biochemical index, internal environment, slaughter performance and meat quality in the diet. The results are as follows:1. The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the growth performance of the sheep and the apparent digestibility of the nutrients in the diet were studied. The average body weight was 30.47 and 2.04 kg. Randomly divided into 5 groups, each group of 12. Uncoated betaine and rumen betaine were added to the basal diet, which were divided into control group (Con),2 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-2), 2.2 g of betaine group (B-2.2),4 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-4) and 6 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-6). Positive test period 60d. The results showed:1) There was no significant difference in the average daily feed intake of RPB-2, RPB-4 and RPB-6 in group B-2.2 compared with Con group and B-2.2 group (P0.05). There was no significant effect on the apparent digestibility of the neutral washing fiber and the acidic wash fiber (P0.05). The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the biochemical indexes and the rumen fermentation characteristics of the sheep in the diet were studied. The results showed that:1) Compared with the control group and the B-2.2 group, the content of total protein and low-density lipoprotein in serum was significantly decreased (P0.05), and the content of total protein and low-density lipoprotein was significantly increased (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of high density lipoprotein (P0.05). The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the slaughter performance, meat quality, amino acid content, fatty acid composition and the content of the myocarinic acid were studied in the diet. 5 sheep were randomly selected for slaughter test after the end of the feeding test. The results showed:1) Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the RPB group can significantly improve the live weight and carcass weight of the meat sheep (P0.05). Compared with the Con group, the abattoir, dorsum and ocular muscle area of each group had no significant difference (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the RPB group can significantly improve the a * value of the longest muscle color (P0.05), and can obviously lower the shearing force of the shoulder muscle and the back longest muscle (P0.05); and meanwhile, compared with the Con group, The RPB group significantly decreased the water loss rate of the shoulder and gluteal muscle (P0.05), and the RPB group significantly increased the pH of the shoulder muscles, the gluteal muscle and the back longest muscle (P0.05).3) There was no significant difference in the content of the fat and the crude water in the shoulder muscles, the gluteal muscle and the back muscle of each test group (P0.05), and compared with the Con group, RPB-4 significantly increased the content of CP in the shoulder muscles (P0.05).4) There was no significant difference in the content of the amino acids and total amino acids in the shoulder muscles and the gluteal muscles of each group (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the content of the amino acid and total amino acid in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep was significantly increased (P0.01).5) There was no significant effect on the content of SFA, UFA, MUFA and PUFA in the shoulder muscles of the mutton sheep (P0.05); and compared with the Con group, the B-2.2 group, The content of PUFA in the gluteal muscle was significantly increased in the RPB group (P 0.01), and there was no significant difference in the content of SFA, UFA and MUFA in the gluteal muscle (P0.05). Compared with Con group and B-2.2, RPB-4 group significantly decreased the content of SFA in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep (P0.05), and significantly increased the content of UFA, PUFA and MUFA in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the content of MDA and GSH-PX, SOD and CAT in the back longest muscle were significantly increased in the RPB group compared with the group B-2.2 (P0.05). Compared with the other groups, the activity of GSH-PX, SOD and CAT was not significant (P0.05). The activity of SOD and CAT (P0.05) was decreased, and the content of MDA was decreased (P0.05).
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826.5
本文编号：2498247
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of the addition of betaine on the growth performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, blood biochemical index, internal environment, slaughter performance and meat quality in the diet. The results are as follows:1. The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the growth performance of the sheep and the apparent digestibility of the nutrients in the diet were studied. The average body weight was 30.47 and 2.04 kg. Randomly divided into 5 groups, each group of 12. Uncoated betaine and rumen betaine were added to the basal diet, which were divided into control group (Con),2 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-2), 2.2 g of betaine group (B-2.2),4 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-4) and 6 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-6). Positive test period 60d. The results showed:1) There was no significant difference in the average daily feed intake of RPB-2, RPB-4 and RPB-6 in group B-2.2 compared with Con group and B-2.2 group (P0.05). There was no significant effect on the apparent digestibility of the neutral washing fiber and the acidic wash fiber (P0.05). The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the biochemical indexes and the rumen fermentation characteristics of the sheep in the diet were studied. The results showed that:1) Compared with the control group and the B-2.2 group, the content of total protein and low-density lipoprotein in serum was significantly decreased (P0.05), and the content of total protein and low-density lipoprotein was significantly increased (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of high density lipoprotein (P0.05). The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the slaughter performance, meat quality, amino acid content, fatty acid composition and the content of the myocarinic acid were studied in the diet. 5 sheep were randomly selected for slaughter test after the end of the feeding test. The results showed:1) Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the RPB group can significantly improve the live weight and carcass weight of the meat sheep (P0.05). Compared with the Con group, the abattoir, dorsum and ocular muscle area of each group had no significant difference (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the RPB group can significantly improve the a * value of the longest muscle color (P0.05), and can obviously lower the shearing force of the shoulder muscle and the back longest muscle (P0.05); and meanwhile, compared with the Con group, The RPB group significantly decreased the water loss rate of the shoulder and gluteal muscle (P0.05), and the RPB group significantly increased the pH of the shoulder muscles, the gluteal muscle and the back longest muscle (P0.05).3) There was no significant difference in the content of the fat and the crude water in the shoulder muscles, the gluteal muscle and the back muscle of each test group (P0.05), and compared with the Con group, RPB-4 significantly increased the content of CP in the shoulder muscles (P0.05).4) There was no significant difference in the content of the amino acids and total amino acids in the shoulder muscles and the gluteal muscles of each group (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the content of the amino acid and total amino acid in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep was significantly increased (P0.01).5) There was no significant effect on the content of SFA, UFA, MUFA and PUFA in the shoulder muscles of the mutton sheep (P0.05); and compared with the Con group, the B-2.2 group, The content of PUFA in the gluteal muscle was significantly increased in the RPB group (P 0.01), and there was no significant difference in the content of SFA, UFA and MUFA in the gluteal muscle (P0.05). Compared with Con group and B-2.2, RPB-4 group significantly decreased the content of SFA in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep (P0.05), and significantly increased the content of UFA, PUFA and MUFA in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the content of MDA and GSH-PX, SOD and CAT in the back longest muscle were significantly increased in the RPB group compared with the group B-2.2 (P0.05). Compared with the other groups, the activity of GSH-PX, SOD and CAT was not significant (P0.05). The activity of SOD and CAT (P0.05) was decreased, and the content of MDA was decreased (P0.05).
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826.5
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