单侧牙槽嵴裂动物模型的建立及牙槽嵴裂对鼻软组织生长发育的影响

发布时间：2018-02-27 17:10

本文关键词： 牙槽突犬软骨骨发育　出处：《安徽医科大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 目的建立单侧牙槽嵴裂动物模型,并研究牙槽嵴裂裂隙对鼻软组织生长发育的影响。方法实验于2009-02/2009-08在安徽医科大学动物实验中心及基础医学院实验室完成。实验采取自身对照,选用10只标准同窝实验犬,8周龄,体重2.5～3.5kg,随机确定实验侧和对照侧。所有动物在静脉麻醉后,取对照侧卧位,固定四肢及头部,常规消毒铺巾。在无菌条件下设计第1侧切牙近中至第2侧切牙远中唇面及舌面齿龈缘切口,采用外科手术的方法钝性分离粘骨膜,充分暴露第1、2侧切牙牙槽骨骨面,用骨凿凿除第1侧切牙近中至第2侧切牙远中之间的牙槽骨,在实验侧造成10mm×15mm的单侧牙槽嵴裂裂隙,骨腊及明胶海绵止血,用3-0丝线将去除牙槽突后的唇腭侧粘膜瓣与鼻底的粘骨膜直接对位缝合,使鼻底与口腔相通,切口缘抗生素药膏涂抹,对照侧无特殊处理,麻醉清醒后继续单笼饲养。所有动物于术后10周无痛性处死,通过螺旋CT进行头颅三维重建,应用Amira软件对两组动物进行外鼻定点,行线距及角度测量并数据分析;另解剖双侧鼻翼软骨,于软骨内1/2处、穹隆角、外1/2、外1/4处垂直于软骨长轴切开,水平包埋,连续做5μm宽切片,常规组织学处理,HE染色,进行图像分析。采用SPSS 15.0软件对数据进行配对t检验分析,比较实验侧及对照侧软骨发育的差别。结果所有实验动物未有死亡病例,动物处死后行大体观察:实验侧牙槽嵴裂裂隙未愈合,双侧鼻翼发育程度不一致,患侧发育较健侧差,并伴有患侧鼻翼外侧脚下陷;鼻尖位置向患侧偏斜,鼻孔呈不同程度的不对称,鼻小柱向健侧偏斜。定点测量(mm),鼻翼最上缘点与En-En连线的垂直距离:实验侧为(17.7±2.45),对照侧为(16.92±2.26),P0.05;鼻翼基底点与En-En连线的垂直距离:实验侧为(25.56±6.05),对照侧为(26.29±5.87),P0.05;鼻小柱点-鼻翼外点间距:实验侧为(8.38±0.8),对照侧为(7.4±0.45),P0.01;鼻小柱点到鼻翼缘外侧点距离:实验侧为(8.90±1.63),对照侧为(8.12±1.19),P0.05;鼻孔宽度:实验侧为(5.26±0.78),对照侧为(4.08±0.71),P0.05;鼻孔最上点-鼻翼基底线的距离:实验侧为(5.54±1.23),对照侧为(5.86±1.31),P0.01;鼻翼外点-鼻翼外侧缘点连线的距离:实验侧为(3.92±0.80),对照侧为(3.62±0.68),P0.01。连续切片组织学观察:对照侧鼻翼软骨外侧脚1/2处中央细胞面积(μm×μm):实验侧为(426.03±60.40),对照侧为(361.01±47.62);周长(μm):实验侧为(52.80±5.97),对照侧为(44.47±4.94)。外1/4处中央细胞面积(μm×μm):实验侧为(454.86±63.13),对照侧为(357.85±47.28);周长(μm):实验侧为(53.55±5.94),对照侧为(45.48±5.41),差异有统计学意义。对照侧鼻翼软骨外1/4处细胞表密度(μm×μm/个):实验侧为(71.78±12.20),对照侧为(58.86±10.41),P0.05。结论对照侧外鼻组织生长发育优于实验侧,单侧牙槽嵴裂裂隙对外鼻的形态及鼻翼软骨生长发育可能具有一定的影响。
[Abstract]:Objective to establish an animal model of unilateral alveolar cleft and to study the effect of alveolar cleft fissure on the growth and development of nasal soft tissue. Methods the experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Animal experiment Center and basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University in 2009-02 / 2009-08. The experimental side and the control side were randomly determined. After intravenous anesthesia, all the animals were placed in the control lateral position, and their limbs and head were fixed. Under aseptic conditions, the incision of the distal lip and the lingual margin of the first lateral incisor was designed, and the alveolar bone surface of the first incisor was fully exposed by the surgical method of obtuse separation of the mucous periosteum, and the alveolar bone surface of the second lateral incisor was fully exposed. The alveolar bone between the proximal incisor of the first lateral incisor and the distal incisor of the second lateral incisor was chiseled with bone chisel, and a 10mm 脳 15mm cleft fissure of the alveolar crest, bone wax and gelatin sponge were created on the experimental side to stop bleeding. The labial and palatal mucosa flap after removal of alveolar process was directly sutured with the mucoperiosteum of the nasal floor with 3-0 filaments, so that the nasal floor was connected with the oral cavity, the incision margin was smeared with antibiotic ointment, and no special treatment was found in the control side. All the animals were killed painlessly 10 weeks after anesthesia. The head was reconstructed by spiral CT. The external nasal fixed point, line distance and angle were measured and the data were analyzed by Amira software. In addition, bilateral alar cartilage was dissected at 1/2 points in the cartilage, at the fornix angle, 1 / 2 in the outer part, 1/4 perpendicular to the long axis of the cartilage, horizontally embedded, and continuously made 5 渭 m wide sections. Image analysis was carried out. The data were analyzed by paired t test with SPSS 15.0 software, and the difference of cartilage development between experimental side and control side was compared. Results there were no death cases in all the experimental animals. After being killed, the experimental alveolar cleft cleft fissure was not healed, the degree of bilateral alar development was not consistent, the development of the affected side was worse than that of the healthy side, and the lateral foot of the affected alar was depressed. The tip of the nose is oblique to the affected side, and the nostril is asymmetrical to varying degrees. The vertical distance between the upper edge of the nasal wing and the En-En line was measured: the experimental side was 17.7 卤2.45 and the control side was 16.92 卤2.26 P0.05; the vertical distance between the base point of the nasal wing and the En-En line was 25.56 卤6.05 in the experimental side and 26.29 卤5.87P0.05 in the control side. The distance between the outer point of the nasal wing and the control side was 8.38 卤0.8 and 7.4 卤0.45, respectively. The distance between the nasal column point and the lateral point of the alar edge was 8.90 卤1.63, the control side was 8.12 卤1.19, P 0.05, the nostril width was 5.26 卤0.78 and the control side was 4.08 卤0.71, and the distance between the top point of the nostril and the base line of the nasal pterygoid was 0.05. : the experimental side was 5.54 卤1.23 and the control side was 5.86 卤1.31 P0.01.The distance between the outer point of the nasal wing and the lateral edge of the nasal wing was 3.92 卤0.80 in the experimental side and 3.62 卤0.68 in the control side. Histological observation: the area of the central cells at the lateral foot of the alar cartilage of the control side (渭 m 脳渭 m: experimental side: 3.62 卤0.68) P0.01.The histological observation of the serial section: the area of central cells at the lateral foot of the alar cartilage of the control side (渭 m 脳渭 m: experimental side: experimental side). For the control side (426.03 卤60.40), the control side was 361.01 卤47.62, the circumference was 52.80 卤5.97 in the experimental side and the control side was 44.47 卤4.94. The area of the central cells was 454.86 卤63.13 on the outer side (渭 m 脳渭 m), 357.85 卤47.28 on the control side, and 53.55 卤5.94 on the experimental side, and 45.48 卤5.41 on the control side, with statistical significance. The apparent density of 1/4 cells (渭 m 脳渭 m / L) was 71.78 卤12.20 in the experimental side and 58.86 卤10.41 in the control side. Conclusion the growth and development of the external nasal tissue of the control side is superior to that of the experimental side. The shape of the external nose and the growth and development of the alar cartilage of the unilateral alveolar cleft fissure may have some influence.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R-332

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