面神经下颌缘支的应用解剖学研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 14:16

本文关键词： 面神经下颌缘支面动脉面静脉毗邻关系　出处：《延边大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 目的:研究面神经下颌缘支的位置及重要毗邻关系,为在面侧区颌下部的手术中防止神经血管损伤提供解剖学依据。方法:逐层解剖40侧完整的头部标本。测量观察面神经下颌缘支的分支数及分型,神经走向;神经穿出腮腺部位;面动脉、面静脉在面下颌区域的走形及分支情况;建立相关的坐标体系,得出面神经下颌缘支主干、面动脉、面静脉的体表定位坐标参数;并描述和分析三者的位置关系。结果:面神经下颌缘支以1～2支居多,全程分型,单干型占67.5%;二干型占15%;合干型占17.5%。面神经下颌缘支走行于下颌骨下缘的上方者占72.5%,走行于骨下缘的方者占12.5%,分别走行于骨下缘的上、下方1cm范围内;面神经下颌缘支经过面动脉的浅面和深面者分别占82.5%和5%;面神经下颌缘支穿出腮腺处的体表位置分别在下颌角上方和下颌支后缘前方1cm交点附近;神经与面动脉交距于颌支后缘约4cm,距下颌骨下缘约1cm。另外,我们在对面神经下颌缘支和面动脉、面静脉的走形坐标进行统计后,应用SigmaPlot软件,得出他们的坐标轨迹。结论:根据本试验的测量结果:面神经下颌缘支走行于下颌骨下缘上下1cm左右的范围区域内;与面动脉交叉的位置距下颌支后缘约4cm;面动脉和面静脉进入本实验设定的直角坐标系统(以面动脉面静脉与下颌骨下缘交叉位置为标准),距下颌角距离为面动脉4cm,面静脉3.5cm。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the position and important adjacent relationship of the mandibular marginal branch of facial nerve in order to provide anatomic basis for the prevention of neurovascular injury in the lower part of facial region. Methods: 40 intact head specimens were dissected layer by layer. The number and type of the mandibular marginal branches of the facial nerve, the nerve direction, the position of the nerve perforating the parotid gland, the shape and the branches of the facial artery and the facial vein in the facial and mandibular region were measured and observed. The coordinate system was established to obtain the coordinate parameters of the facial nerve's mandibular marginal branch trunk, facial artery and facial vein, and to describe and analyze the relationship between the three positions. Results: the mandibular marginal branches of the facial nerve were mostly divided into 1 and 2 branches. The mandibular marginal branches of the facial nerve were 72.5m, 12.5cm above the lower margin of the mandible, 12.5cm below the lower margin of the bone, and within 1 cm below the lower margin of the bone, respectively, and the ratio of the two trunk type was 15.5%, the second trunk type 15.1%, the joint trunk type 17.55.The mandibular marginal branch of the facial nerve walked above the lower margin of the mandible and 72.5% of it was located at the top of the lower margin of the mandible. The superficial and deep side of facial nerve mandibular marginal branch were 82.5% and 5, respectively, and the surface position of facial nerve mandibular marginal branch perforating parotid gland was about 1 cm above the mandibular angle and 1 cm ahead of the mandibular branch, and the position of the facial nerve mandibular marginal branch was about 1 cm above the mandibular angle and the posterior edge of the mandibular branch. The distance between the nerve and facial artery is about 4 cm from the posterior edge of the maxillary branch and 1 cm from the lower margin of the mandible. In addition, the coordinates of the mandibular marginal branch, the facial artery and the facial vein of the facial nerve are calculated by using SigmaPlot software. Conclusion: according to the results of this experiment, the mandibular marginal branch of the facial nerve runs within the area of 1 cm above and below the lower margin of the mandible. The position of cross with facial artery was about 4 cm from the posterior edge of mandibular branch, and the facial artery and facial vein entered the rectangular coordinate system set in this experiment (the position of cross between facial vein and lower margin of mandible was regarded as standard, the distance from mandible angle was 4 cm to facial artery and 3.5 cm to facial vein).
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R322

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