影响果蝇睡眠相关因素的研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 19:11

本文选题：果蝇　切入点：睡眠　出处：《黑龙江中医药大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 睡眠是一种重要的生理现象,对人的生活和健康有着重要的影响,良好的睡眠可以使人消除疲劳,更好地恢复精神和体力,保持良好的觉醒状态,可以提高工作、学习效率。因此,睡眠质量问题受到人们越来越多的关注。然而,随着现代社会生活节奏的加快,工作压力的提高,失眠成为人们生活中一种常见的疾病和其他身体疾病的诱因。睡眠是一个非常复杂的生理过程,经历了几十年的研究,其功能机制还不十分清楚。虽然建立了许多假说,但是没有一个学说获得普遍的公认。近年来发现,黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)的睡眠在行为表现、药物反应、基因表达等方面都表现出和人类睡眠极大的相似性,加之其遗传学的优势,目前已成为较为理想的研究睡眠功能及机制的生物系统。本论文采用果蝇活动监测研究方法,应用自动红外测定仪(果蝇活动监测仪,DAMS;Trikinetics Inc.Waltham,MA USA)联合高倍录像系统进行果蝇活动的24小时的连续监测。以果蝇静止不活动时间大于5分钟,即为果蝇的睡眠时间,通过对果蝇24小时活动次数记录的分析,以果蝇睡眠时间为评价指标,分别考察了性别,日龄对果蝇24小时昼夜节律下睡眠总时间的影响及其对睡眠-觉醒周期的影响。结果表明: 1.从昼夜活动节律图(睡眠—觉醒周期图)中,可以看出果蝇昼夜活动在黑暗—光照的过渡时期或者是光照—黑暗的过渡时期较频繁(即早七点和晚七点),表现出两个活动高峰,随着日龄的增加,这两个高峰表现得越来越不明显。果蝇睡眠主要发生在黑夜。 2.同一日龄不同性别的果蝇,睡眠时间有明显的不同。雄性果蝇的睡眠时间均长于雌性果蝇,二者有显著差异(p＜0.001),与雄性果蝇相比,雌性果蝇个体之间的睡眠时间存在较大的差异。 3.相同性别不同日龄的果蝇,在睡眠时间上也存在明显的差异。刚出生果蝇和20日龄、30日龄果蝇的睡眠时间相比较,存在着极显著性差异(p＜0.01),但是,刚出生的果蝇和六日龄在果蝇睡眠时间上没有明显差异(p＞0.05)。上述实验结果为今后开展果蝇的睡眠研究奠定方法学的基础。
[Abstract]:Sleep is an important physiological phenomenon that has an important impact on people's lives and health. Good sleep can help people eliminate fatigue, recover their mental and physical strength, maintain a good awakening, and improve their work. Learning efficiency. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the problem of sleep quality. However, with the acceleration of the pace of life in modern society, the pressure of work has increased. Insomnia has become a common cause of illness and other physical diseases in people's lives. Sleep is a very complex physiological process that has been studied for decades and its functional mechanism is not very clear. Although many hypotheses have been established, none of them have been universally recognized. The sleep of Drosophila melanogaster shows a great similarity with human sleep in the aspects of behavior, drug response, gene expression, and its genetic advantages. At present, it has become an ideal biological system to study sleep function and mechanism. In this paper, the method of Drosophila activity monitoring was used, and the DAMS-Trikinetics Trikinetics Inc.Waltham-MA USAA system was used to monitor the activity of Drosophila melanogaster continuously for 24 hours. The inactive time of Drosophila was more than 5 minutes. That is, the sleep time of Drosophila melanogaster. By analyzing the 24 hour activity times of Drosophila melanogaster, using the sleep time of Drosophila melanogaster as the evaluation index, the sex of Drosophila melanogaster was investigated. The effect of day age on the total sleep time of Drosophila melanogaster under the 24-hour circadian rhythm and its effect on the sleep-wake cycle. The results showed that:. 1. From the circadian rhythms of activity (Sleep / Awakening cycle), It can be seen that the activities of fruit flies during the dark-light transition period or the light-dark transition period are more frequent (I. e., 7 o'clock in the morning and 7 o'clock in the evening), showing two peaks of activity, with the increase of the age of the day. These two peaks are becoming less and less apparent. Drosophila sleep occurs mainly in the night. 2. The sleeping time of fruit flies of different genders of the same day is obviously different. The sleeping time of male fruit flies is longer than that of female fruit flies, and there is significant difference between them (p < 0.001), which is compared with that of male fruit flies. There was a significant difference in sleep time among female Drosophila melanogaster individuals. 3. There were significant differences in sleep time between newly born Drosophila and 20-day-old and 20-day-old Drosophila melanogaster at the same sex and different days of age (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in sleep time between the newly born fruit fly and the six day old fruit fly (p > 0.05). These results provide a methodological basis for future studies on drosophila sleep.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R33;R-332

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