人肱三头肌肌构筑学、肌内神经分布、肌梭分布和神经入肌点定位的研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 06:28

  本文选题：人　切入点：肱三头肌　出处：《遵义医学院》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 目的:通过对肱三头肌肌构筑学,肌内神经分布,神经入肌点定位,肌梭分布的研究进一步探讨肱三头肌的形态学特点,为深入研究肱三头肌在肢体关节运动中的作用提供形态学依据,并为肌的临床应用提供参考数据。 方法:1.用经甲醛固定1年以上的成人尸体5具,完整取下两侧的肱三头肌,采用大体解剖法观察肌内腱板的位置、形态、数量,肌束的走行方向与肌内腱板的位置关系。2.成人尸体6具,用肌构筑法测量肱三头肌的肌重、肌长、肌纤维长、生理横切面积等肌构筑学指数,探讨其构筑学特征。3.用经甲醛固定1年以上的童尸3具(5～10岁)及成人尸体2具(30～40岁),取下两侧肱三头肌,用改良的Sihler's肌内神经染色法观察肌内神经的分支分布。4.用成尸5具,分别在肱三头肌的三个头的肌腹中部取材,行组织学HE染色后,采用体视学方法进行肌梭分布的研究。5.用成人尸体10具,共20侧。以肱骨内、外上髁的连线为X轴,以肱骨大结节外侧并垂直于X轴的垂线为Y轴,分别测量桡神经肱三头肌肌支的神经入肌点距X轴和Y轴的距离。 结果:1.大体解剖研究外侧头下段表面有厚的腱膜,外侧头浅部及深部肌束和长头的浅部肌束分别止于该腱膜;长头深面有一片状腱板,长约(16.7±2.2)cm,最宽处约(4.19±0.46)cm,外侧头深部肌束和长头的深部肌束分别以半羽状和羽状形式止于该腱板;内侧头肌质内有两条索状腱板,内侧头的内侧肌束止于该腱板的两侧,外侧肌束止于外侧头表面的腱膜。肱三头肌是多羽肌。2.肌构筑学特征肱三头肌长头的肌重(163.30±35.19)g,肌纤维长(7.40±1.17)cm,生理横切面积(19.53±1.45)cm~2;内侧头的肌重(109.05±27.27)g,肌纤维长(5.76±0.52)cm,生理横切面积(19.45±4.31)cm~2;外侧头的肌重(104.83±20.67)g,肌纤维长(5.89±0.83)cm,生理横切面积(16.92±2.12)cm~2。3.肌内神经分支分布肱三头肌三个头各有一支一级神经支配。长头肌支有两支二级神经支,外侧支粗大,支配范围广,肌内神经分支多,和外侧头肌支存在交通支。内侧头肌支有两支二级神经支,下支支配内侧头的大部分,肌内神经分支多,在其肌内部存在丰富的神经吻合网,与外侧头肌支间有交通支。外侧头肌支有两支二级神经支,分别支配外侧头的浅、深部。4.肌梭分布长头肌梭密度为17.14±2.53个/cm~3,肌梭指数为16.24±2.40个/g;内侧头肌梭密度为21.41±2.87个/cm~3,肌梭指数为20.27±2.72个/g;外侧头肌梭密度为17.41±2.71个/cm~3,肌梭指数为16.49±2.57个/g。5.神经入肌点定位长头肌支距X轴和Y轴的距离分别为19.68±2.12cm,6.65±0.84cm;内侧头肌支距X轴和Y轴的距离分别为15.81±3.40cm,5.67±1.32cm;外侧头肌支距X轴和Y轴的距离分别为18.27±2.90cm,4.8±1.39cm。 结论:1.肱三头肌三个头内都有肌内腱板或腱膜,短肌束以羽状形式排列,肱三头肌是多羽肌。2.肱三头肌内、外侧头生理横切面积/肌重的比值大,提示内、外侧头更倾向于力量型构筑;长头肌纤维长,更多倾向于速度运动,运动幅度大于内、外侧两头。3.肱三头肌肌每个头都有一支一级神经,两支二级神经,肌内各级神经分支主要分布在腱膜的深面,或在肌内腱板的两侧。肌内神经分支多,在肱三头肌的中部,三个头的神经存在交通支。4.肱三头肌内侧头肌梭密度比外侧头、长头高且有肌梭联合体,推测内侧头能更敏感地监测关节运动细微变化,对肘关节的稳定性有主要作用。5.肱三头肌的神经入肌点共有三个,三个头的神经入肌点主要集中在肱骨内、外上髁的连线上方15～19cm,肱骨大结节的垂线内侧4～6cm的范围内。
[Abstract]:Objective: through the triceps muscle architecture and distributions of intramuscular nerves and the nerve entering point positioning, study the distribution of muscle spindles and further explore the morphological features of the triceps and provide morphological basis for the further study of triceps in limb joint movement in the role, and provide reference data for clinical application of muscle.
Methods: 1. formalin fixed for more than 1 years of 5 adult cadavers, triceps complete removed on both sides, the anatomy was observed in muscle tendon in position, shape, number, bundle direction and intramuscular tendon board position.2. of 6 adult cadavers, build a method to measure the triceps with muscle weight, muscle length, fiber length, cross-sectional area and muscle architecture index, discuss the architecture feature of.3. by formaldehyde fixed child's body for more than 1 years (5~10 years) and 3 out of 2 adult cadavers (30~40 years old), from both sides of the triceps, with 5 dead with improved Sihler's nerve staining method was used to observe the distribution of.4. branches of intramuscular nerve, were central in three head of triceps muscle belly of the material, the histology of HE staining, using stereological study the distribution of muscle spindles in.5. using 10 adult cadavers methodology, a total of 20 sides. To the humerus. The connection for lateral epicondylitis The X axis, with greater tuberosity of humerus, lateral and vertical line perpendicular to the X axis Y axis, radial nerve branches of triceps nerve entry point X and Y axis distance were measured.
缁撴灉:1.澶т綋瑙ｅ墫鐮旂┒澶栦晶澶翠笅娈佃〃闈㈡湁鍘氱殑鑵辫啘,澶栦晶澶存祬閮ㄥ強娣遍儴鑲屾潫鍜岄暱澶寸殑娴呴儴鑲屾潫鍒嗗埆姝�浜庤�ヨ叡鑶，

本文编号：1623566