前牙区拔牙位点保存技术的动物实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 20:30

  本文选题：牙齿拔除　切入点：位点保存　出处：《中国医科大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 目的 牙齿拔除后,缺牙区骨组织通常会发生不可预见性地吸收,造成种植区骨量不足,前牙美学区域唇颊侧骨量丧失尤为明显。在这种情况下,需要进行必要的软硬组织移植,才能确保牙种植体植入的成功。为了防止或减少牙拔除后牙槽嵴吸收的量,我们在牙齿拔除后即刻采用种植位点保存技术,目的是评估经位点保存技术处理后牙槽窝组织形态计量学上的改变。 方法 选择6条杂种犬,年龄平均8.2个月,体重平均16.8kg。拔除各自上、下颌两侧第二门齿,随机分两组,在一侧即刻填入骨诱导活性材料(OAM),为位点保存实验组；另一侧不作处理,为牙槽窝自然愈合对照组。术后3个月处死全部动物,制取样本,进行影像学检测。置入10%福尔马林溶液固定,之后用金钢砂片将各牙槽窝位点切开,在梯度乙醇内脱水7天,甲基丙烯酸甲酯浸泡包埋。硬化后,用Leica SP 1600硬组织切片机,自颊舌矢状方向通过牙槽窝中线长轴切开标本,制成80微米厚度切片,甲苯胺蓝染色。最后,利用图像分析进行组织计量及形态的评估。 结果 全部位点创口均获Ⅰ期愈合,黏膜完整无开裂、色泽正常,未发现感染、坏疽及其它异常症状,所有位点骨量均有不同程度的吸收。实验组位点处轮廓丰满,同一位点实验前后的高度吸收值、宽度吸收值、骨密度改变值分别是-1.3±0.4mm、-0.3士0.1mm、149.8±12.5,图像分析显示新骨所占面积平均值为(30.2±3.7)%,对照组位点处轮廓萎缩,颊侧骨壁明显坍塌,高度和宽度丧失显著,同一位点实验前后的高度吸收值、宽度吸收值、骨密度改变值分别为-2.7±0.6mm、-1.1±0.2mm、114.7±9.5,新骨所占面积平均值为(9.3±2.0)%。实验组平均骨量吸收程度显著低于对照组(P0.001)。 结论 1、牙齿拔除后,牙槽窝位点保存技术的应用能明显减少牙槽嵴萎缩吸收程度。 2、OAM对拔牙位点的保存效果良好。
[Abstract]:PurposeAfter tooth extraction, bone tissue in tooth deficiency area is usually absorbed unpredictably, which results in insufficient bone mass in planting area, especially in labial and buccal side of anterior teeth aesthetic region.In such cases, soft and hard tissue transplants are necessary to ensure the success of dental implants.In order to prevent or reduce the absorption of alveolar ridge after extraction, we used implant site preservation technique immediately after tooth extraction to evaluate the morphometric changes of alveolar fossa treated by locus preservation technique.MethodSix mongrel dogs were selected with an average age of 8.2 months and an average weight of 16.8 kg.The second incisors were extracted from each side of the mandible and were randomly divided into two groups. The osteoinductive material (OAM) was immediately filled in one side as the site for preservation in the experimental group, while the other side was untreated as the control group for natural healing of the alveolar fossa.All the animals were killed 3 months after operation.10% formalin solution was implanted and then each alveolar fossa was cut open with gold steel sand. After 7 days of dehydration in gradient ethanol methyl methacrylate was soaked and buried.After sclerosis, Leica SP 1600 hard tissue slicer was used to cut the specimens from the sagittal direction of the buccal tongue through the long axis of the midline of the alveolar fossa, and to make 80 micron thickness slices, which were stained with toluidine blue.Finally, image analysis is used to evaluate tissue measurement and morphology.ResultAll site wounds were healed in stage 鈪，

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